Polyakov loop effects on the phase diagram in strong-coupling lattice QCD

We investigate the Polyakov loop effects on the QCD phase diagram by using the strong-coupling (1/g^2) expansion of the lattice QCD (SC-LQCD) with one species of unrooted staggered quark, including O}(1/g^4) effects. We take account of the effects of Polyakov loop fluctuations in Weiss mean-field approximation (MFA), and compare the results with those in the Haar-measure MFA (no fluctuation from the mean-field). The Polyakov loops strongly suppress the chiral transition temperature in the second-order/crossover region at small chemical potential, while they give a minor modification of the first-order phase boundary at larger chemical potential. The Polyakov loops also account for a drastic increase of the interaction measure near the chiral phase transition. The chiral and Polyakov loop susceptibilities have their peaks close to each other in the second-order/crossover region. In particular in Weiss MFA, there is no indication of the separated deconfinement transition boundary from the chiral phase boundary at any chemical potential. We discuss the interplay between the chiral and deconfinement dynamics via the bare quark mass dependence of susceptibilities.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figure

Phase diagram evolution at finite coupling in strong coupling lattice QCD

We investigate the chiral phase transition in the strong coupling lattice QCD at finite temperature and density with finite coupling effects. We adopt one species of staggered fermion, and develop an analytic formulation based on strong coupling and cluster expansions. We derive the effective potential as a function of two order parameters, the chiral condensate sigma and the quark number density $\rho_q$, in a self-consistent treatment of the next-to-leading order (NLO) effective action terms. NLO contributions lead to modifications of quark mass, chemical potential and the quark wave function renormalization factor. While the ratio mu_c(T=0)/Tc(mu=0) is too small in the strong coupling limit, it is found to increase as beta=2Nc/g^2 increases. The critical point is found to move in the lower T direction as beta increases. Since the vector interaction induced by $\rho_q$ is shown to grow as beta, the present trend is consistent with the results in Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models. The interplay between two order parameters leads to the existence of partially chiral restored matter, where effective chemical potential is automatically adjusted to the quark excitation energy.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure

2,4-Dibromo-6-[(quinolin-8-yl­amino)­methyl­idene]cyclo­hexa-2,4-dien-1-one monohydrate

In the title compound, C16H10Br2N2O·H2O, bifurcated intra­molecular N—H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bonding defines the essential planarity of the main mol­ecule: the dihedral angle between the quinoline and benzene rings is 7.53 (8)°. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds consolidate the crystal packing, which exhibits π–π inter­actions with a distance of 3.588 (1) Å between the centroids of the aromatic rings and short Br⋯Br contacts of 3.5757 (6) Å

Solubilization of sulfuric acid lignin by ball mill treatment with excess amounts of organic compounds

In order to improve the solubility of sulfuric acid lignin (SL) in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dry ball milling with excess amounts of additives such as L-tartaric acid was performed. Although the ball-milled SL without any additives was not soluble in DMF, when the SL was ball milled with an excessive amount of L-tartaric acid (the concentration of SL to be 0.1%), the dispersion and solubility of SL in DMF detected by the dynamic light scattering was greatly improved. Furthermore, the DMF solution showed clear photoluminescence, indicating that the distance between luminophores was modulated due to dispersion on the nanoscale. The structural analysis of the isolated lignin showed a decrease in molecular weight and the introduction of carboxylic acid groups. In other words, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups into the lignin and simultaneously decrease in the molecular weight due to the cleavage of lignin linkages is considered to result in good dispersion in DMF on both the micro and macro scales. Similar effects were observed with the other chemicals containing several hydrophilic groups such as citric acid, D-glucose, and polyacrylic acid. Furthermore, this method is applicable to various lignins other than SL, and it is expected to utilize unused lignin resources

Trichlorido{2-dimeth­oxy­methyl-4-methyl-6-[(quinolin-8-yl)imino­meth­yl]phenolato-κ3 N,N′,O 1}tin(IV)

In the title compound, [Sn(C20H19N2O3)Cl3], the SnIV ion is surrounded by a tridentate monoanionic Schiff base and by three meridional chloride ions in a six-coordinated distorted octa­hedral geometry. The Sn—Cl bond [2.366 (2) Å] trans to nitro­gen is shorter than the others [2.438 (2) and 2.414 (2) Å]. The N—Sn—N angle [76.19 (11)°] is smaller than the O—Sn—N angle [87.89 (10)°] in the Schiff base ligand. No classical inter­molecular hydrogen-bonding inter­actions are observed. The crystal packing exhibits π–π stacking inter­actions, with a distance of 3.595 (2) Å between the centroids of the phenolate ring and the benzene ring of the quinoline group of inversion-related mol­ecules

Genetic Parameters of Body Weight, Muscle Weights and Skeleton Characteristics in Japanese Quail Males

本研究は,ブロイラー育種において家禽の骨格と産肉能力との遺伝的関係を明らかにする目的で,日本ウズラの雄体重,筋肉重,骨格形質の遺伝的パラメーターについて検討した. 材料は当研究室で維持した閉鎖集団から作出した雄1雌3の組合せ15組から得られた221羽の雄ヒナを用いた. 検討した形質は体重,胸肉重,腿肉重および5種類の骨格形質(骨格重,骨格長,骨格幅,骨格高,胸面積)であり,いずれも8週齢時で測定した. 得られた結果は要約すると以下の通りである. 1.体重,胸肉重,腿肉重の平均値はそれぞれ91.45,16.57,13.56gであった. 骨格重,骨格長,骨格幅,骨格高,胸面積の平均値は各形質によって異なる値を示した. また変動係数は骨格長,頭蓋骨幅,頭蓋骨高では小さく,一方骨格重では高い値を示した. 2.体重,筋肉重,骨格形質の遺伝率について検討した結果,体重は0.67,胸肉重では0.45,腿肉重では0.56となり,また骨格重では0.79～0.94,骨格長では0.17～0.77,骨格幅では0.11～0.32,骨格高では0.41,0.84,胸面積では0.19の値が推定された. 遺伝率の高い形質としては,体重,腿肉重,大腿骨,下腿骨,中足骨の重さと長さ,鳥口骨長,鎖骨長,頭蓋骨幅,頭蓋骨高のあることが明らかとなった. 3.体重,筋肉重,骨格形質間の遺伝相関について検討した結果,体重と胸肉重および腿肉重との間に高い正の相関のあることが推定された. また,体重と胸骨格長,総骨格長,胸骨高,胸面積との間に,また胸肉重と胸骨格長,総骨格長,胸骨高,胸面積との間に,さらに腿肉重と大腿骨長,下腿骨長,総骨格長,下腿骨幅との間に高い正の相関のあることが推定された. 4.上記の本実験で得られた結果から,ブロイラー鶏の育種において体重あるいは胸骨格長,大腿骨長,総骨格長などの骨格長を大きい方向へ選抜育種した場合には産肉量は増加することが示唆された

QCD Phase Diagram in Strong Coupling Lattice QCD with Polyakov Loops

The chiral and deconfinement dynamics in QCD phase diagram are investigated by using the strong-coupling expansion of the lattice QCD with one species of staggered fermion and the Polyakov loop effective action at finite temperature (T) and quark chemical potential (m). Effective potential Feff involves both the chiral (Uc(1)) and the deconfinement (ZNc) dynamics with finite coupling effects in the mean-field approximation. The Polyakov loop increasing rate (d'p=dT) and the susceptibility are found to have two peaks as a function of T for small quark masses. One of them is the chiral-induced peak associated with the rapid decrease of the chiral condensate. The other peak is almost independent of the quark mass or chemical potential, and it is interpreted as the ZNc -induced peak

60 Gbps real-time wireless communications at 300 GHz carrier using a Kerr microcomb

Future wireless communication infrastructure will rely on terahertz systems that can support an increasing demand for large-bandwidth, ultra-fast wireless data transfer. In order to satisfy this demand, compact, low-power, and low noise sources of terahertz radiation are being developed. A promising route to achieving this goal is combining photonic-integrated optical frequency combs with fast photodiodes for difference frequency generation in the THz. Here, we demonstrate wireless communications using a 300 GHz carrier wave generated via photomixing of two optical tones originating from diode lasers that are injection locked to a dissipative Kerr soliton frequency microcomb. We achieve transfer rates of 80 Gbps using homodyne detection and 60 Gbps transmitting simultaneously both data and clock signals in a dual-path wireless link. This experimental demonstration paves a path towards low-noise and integrated photonic millimeter-wave transceivers for future wireless communication systems