Public Health, Life Satisfaction And Quality Of Life Of Elderly Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Admitted To Hospitals In Gonbad-e Qabus 2015

Background & Aim: According to the increased prevalence of heart disease in the elderly and the importance of this disease on all aspects of people's lives, the study aimed to determine the quality of life, life satisfaction and general health of the elderly with coronary artery disease (CAD). Material & Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross sectional study conducted in Gonbad-e Qabus (North Eastern, Iran) in 2015. Research sample was 300 elderly people who were selected randomly. The data collected using Goldberg & Williams General Health, Dinner Life Satisfaction, and Quality of Life questionnaires. Data was analyzed by Descriptive and analytical statistics; t test, Pearson coefficient and ANOVA (P<0.05). Results: In terms of general health, 42% of participants were healthy and 58% of them had impaired general health. In terms of life satisfaction, 39% of them had enough satisfaction, and 61% were dissatisfied with their life. 36% of elderly had strong and good quality of life and 64% had poor quality of life. Conclusion: More than half of elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases, had no good quality of life, life satisfaction, and general health. As age increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases increases, then more supportive intervention and elderly empowerment with aim of improve quality of life, general health and life satisfaction life is necessary

Seroprevalence of positive hbsag and its associated factors in pregnant women referred to health centers of agh-ghala city in 2010-2012

Introduction: The mother's infection to HBV viruses can expose the baby to the risk of next infection to chronic hepatitis, on the other hand, the prevalence of hepatitis is related to the health and socio-economic factors of the people in an area.This study was performed with aim to determine the seroprevalence of HbsAg+ and its relation with some effective factors in pregnant women referred to health centers of Agh-Ghala city. Methods: In this descriptive, and cross-sectional study, 1057 pregnant women were studied during two years of 2010 until 2012 in terms of prevalence of HbsAg+ in Agh-Ghala city. Data was recorded in the questionnaire with blood samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 16) and Fisher, Chi-square, and T-Test. P0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of hepatitis B is somewhat high in Agh-Ghala city and suggests the need for screening and treatment. Therefore, tests must be performed as one of the routine tests for searching hepatitis B virus during the perinatal period. © 2014, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Estimating willingness to pay for an improved service delivery to patients referring namazi hospital chemical therapy ward in Iran using contingent valuation

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate patients' willingness to pay (WTP) for improving the quality of non-medical aspect in Namazi hospital patients chemotherapy an assessment using the contingent valuation method (CVM). Patients and Methods: This was an applied, cross-sectional and analytical-descriptive study carried out in Iran, Shiraz in 2013. A sample of 185 patients was determined using random sampling. Multiple choice questions and follow-up open-ended questions were employed to elicit patients' WTP. The question asked patients would have to pay for this improving their own pocket. linear regression were used to Econometrically estimate the maximum WTP using STATA 11 software. Results: The results of this study indicated that 31 were male and 69 were female and the adjusted mean WTP was PPPUS15 for pat maximum amount of willing to pay was for to get the same quality service in own city respondents (PPPUS16) and minimum amount of willing to pay was to get advice of experienced nurse(PPPUS10) Patients were willing to pay more if their satisfaction with two attributes of care were increased. The cancer type and income taking care of you are significant factors influencing a patient's WTP. Conclusions: In the worst socio-economic conditions of the people were willing to pay to improve the reducing wait times in receiving a drug and get the same quality service in own city respondents. In Future efforts Health policymakers should consider the ability to pay when making their decision. © 2018 Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention

The inappropriateness of brain MRI prescriptions: a study from Iran

Background: Inappropriate prescriptions can lead to adverse consequences for patients. It also imposes excessive cost on the patients, payers and health systems. The current study aimed at estimating the rate of inappropriate brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) prescriptions and their financial burden in Iran. Methods: Using systematic stratified sampling method, this cross-sectional study recruited 385 participants from three public teaching hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Demographic information, questions related to brain MRI prescription and its indications checklist were collected using study-specific data collection tools. The completed indications checklist was compared to the appropriateness status table of indications and scenarios to detect the percent of the appropriateness of prescriptions. Results: About 21 percentage of total brain MRI prescriptions are inappropriate. Previous treatment, number of referrals to physician, having other diagnostic tests and the applicant of MRI (P < 0.01) had significant relationships with prescription appropriateness. The estimated financial burden of inappropriate brain MRIs in Shiraz teaching hospitals was 99,988 US dollar in 2017. Conclusions: More than one-fifth of brains MRIs were inappropriate (i.e. prescriptions without medical indications). It caused 99,988 United States Dollar (USD) financial burden which is 17 times that of Iran's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. To better allocate resources for the provision of MRI services to health system, rationing policies for controlling moral hazard and reducing provider induced demand can be helpful

The Effectiveness of Integrative Group Therapy on the Sexual Function of Women with Systemic Scleroderma

Aims: Systemic scleroderma is a multiple chronic autoimmune disease that has important clinical and psychological consequences, including sexual dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of integrated treatment group on sexual function and its domains in women with scleroderma. Materials & Methods: This research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with the experimental and control groups. The statistical population included women with scleroderma referred to Shariati Hospital in Tehran and Iran's Rheumatism Center in the second half of 2017. Of these, 30 patients were selected as available samples and randomly were placed in the control and the experimental groups. The experimental group was subjected to an integrated approach intervention in 9 sessions of 90-minutes, where as the control group did not receive such an intervention. The instrument of this study was the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 software and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: Unilateral psychotherapy intervention significantly increased the mean post-test of sexual function and its six sub-components in both control and experimental groups (p<0.01, F=19.59). The satisfaction component with 0.82 (p<0.01, F=125.35) and psychological stimulation with 0.74 (F=77.9, p<0.01) had the most effect on intervention, and the component of orgasm with 0.33 (F=13.54, p<0.01) had the least effect among the components. After three months, there was no statistically significant difference between the post-test and the follow-up of the experimental group, which indicated the stability of intervention effects. Conclusion: Unified psychotherapy is effective in increasing the sexual function of patients with systemic sclerosis and can play a significant role in improving the quality of life of these people

Prevalence of influenza A infection in the Middle-East: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence rate of influenza virus from different parts of Middle East region, and present an overall relative frequency (RF) for this region. Methods: The authors performed a systematic literature review from several reliable databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Scopus during 2000�2016. Furthermore, the keywords of this research were �Influenza�, �Subtype�, �Seroprevalence�, �Incidence�, �Seroepidemiology�, �H1N1�, �H3N2�, �H5N1�, �H9N2�, �Middle-East� and �Meta-analysis�. The reported data were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The authors selected 71 studies out of 1147 for the present review. The overall estimation of the prevalence of influenza virus was 10.2 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.1%�10.3%. However, based on our records, the evident heterogeneity of influenza virus was observed among the studies (Cochran Q test, P value <.001 and I-squared = 100%). It should be noted that influenza virus infection's RF varied from 0.5% in Qatar to 70% in Syria. Conclusions: The results of this review are remarkable, they show that influenza infection RF is variable due to several factors. Thus, further researches should be taken to minimize the emergence and transmission of influenza virus. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Lt

Prevalence of influenza A infection in the Middle-East: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence rate of influenza virus from different parts of Middle East region, and present an overall relative frequency (RF) for this region. Methods: The authors performed a systematic literature review from several reliable databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Scopus during 2000�2016. Furthermore, the keywords of this research were �Influenza�, �Subtype�, �Seroprevalence�, �Incidence�, �Seroepidemiology�, �H1N1�, �H3N2�, �H5N1�, �H9N2�, �Middle-East� and �Meta-analysis�. The reported data were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The authors selected 71 studies out of 1147 for the present review. The overall estimation of the prevalence of influenza virus was 10.2 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.1%�10.3%. However, based on our records, the evident heterogeneity of influenza virus was observed among the studies (Cochran Q test, P value <.001 and I-squared = 100%). It should be noted that influenza virus infection's RF varied from 0.5% in Qatar to 70% in Syria. Conclusions: The results of this review are remarkable, they show that influenza infection RF is variable due to several factors. Thus, further researches should be taken to minimize the emergence and transmission of influenza virus. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Lt

Observations of large-amplitude, parallel, electrostatic waves associated with the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability by the magnetospheric multiscale mission

On 8 September 2015, the four Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft encountered a Kelvin-Helmholtz unstable magnetopause near the dusk flank. The spacecraft observed periodic compressed current sheets, between which the plasma was turbulent. We present observations of large-amplitude (up to 100 mV/m) oscillations in the electric field. Because these oscillations are purely parallel to the background magnetic field, electrostatic, and below the ion plasma frequency, they are likely to be ion acoustic-like waves. These waves are observed in a turbulent plasma where multiple particle populations are intermittently mixed, including cold electrons with energies less than 10 eV. Stability analysis suggests a cold electron component is necessary for wave growth