Primary Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is a rare entity that accounts for 0.2-0.5% of all gynecologic malignancies, and most are discovered during or after surgery. Primary transitional cell carcinoma of the fallopian tube is an extremely rare tumor that is reported only occasionally in the worldwide literature. As primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the fallopian tube is so rare, the clinicopathologic characteristics are as yet unknown. The authors recently experienced a case of primary transitional cell carcinoma arising in the left fallopian tube and thus report the clinical features, management, and also a review of the past pertinent literature. A 52 years old woman presenting with lower abdominal pain was found to have a left adnexal mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a mass arising from the left fallopian tube with the histologic features of transitional cell carcinoma

Tubular Krukenberg Tumor with an Occult Primary

Tubular Krukenberg tumor with an occult primary can cause problems in histopathologic diagnosis, by mimicking primary ovarian tumors. We present one such occurrence in a 32year old female who underwent surgery for bilateral malignant ovarian tumor. Gross examination of both ovarian tumors revealed bosselated, smooth outer surface with a few cysts on the surface. Cut surface was grey-white to yellowish in colour with cysts filled with serous fluid at the periphery. Microscopic examination revealed mucin laden signet ring cells, predominantly showing tubular architecture within a cellular ovarian stroma. The cytoplasm of these cells varied from granular eosinophilic to pale vacuolated appearance and showed PAS and mucicarmine positive mucin. Differential diagnosis with other primary ovarian tumors is discussed

MEMS micro-contact printing engines

This thesis investigates micro-contact printing (µCP) engines using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Such engines are self-contained and do not require further optical alignment and precision manipulation equipment. Hence they provide a low-cost and accessible method of multilevel surface patterning with sub-micron resolution. Applications include the field of biotechnology where the placement of biological ligands at well controlled locations on substrates is often required for biological assays, cell studies and manipulation, or for the fabrication of biosensors. A miniaturised silicon µCP engine is designed and fabricated using a wafer-scale MEMS fabrication process and single level and bi-level µCP are successfully demonstrated. The performance of the engine is fully characterised and two actuation modes, mechanical and electrostatic, are investigated. In addition, a novel method of integrating the stamp material into the MEMS process flow by spray coating is reported. A second µCP engine formed by wafer-scale replica moulding of a polymer is developed to further drive down cost and complexity. This system carries six complementary patterns and allows six-level µCP with a layer-to-layer accuracy of 10 µm over a 5 mm x 5 mm area without the use of external aligning equipment. This is the first such report of aligned multilevel µCP. Lastly, the integration of the replica moulded engine with a hydraulic drive for controlled actuation is investigated. This approach is promising and proof of concept has been provided for single-level patterning

The Post Cultural City

_________________________________________________________________ ‘The post cultural city?’ Vikram Kaushal _________________________________________________________________ Yona Friedman believed that architecture’s task was to provide citizens a framework, a structure to implement their own ideas. Like Constants, New Babylon, Friedman regarded the rise of the automation of industrial labour and the rise of recreation as a decisive social change that would render traditional urban structures obsolete. An immobile and elaborate conventional architecture was to be replaced by flexible and mobile structures. While many architecture monologues attempt to promote new sets of rules or systems by which we (architects) ultimately want the user (non-architects) to unwittingly follow, Friedman insists that we should rather lay a framework within which the inhabitants can structure their surroundings. In recent years, this is fast becoming a reality, the rise of innovative technology and dynamic new working models, now allow us to explore the possibility of architecture as a truly transformative experience. The past decade has seen the transformation of many of are post industrial cities through crude regeneration programs, that have done little but create an unrealistic image of the city. Based heavily on cultural consumption models of regeneration, “Landmark” buildings and self-proclaiming “icons” 3d logos, city slogans ‘urban living’, synthetic-modern towers, bars, shopping centres and sport stadiums where to be the saviour of are cities. The cities become a ‘brand’ based on a superficial image of its-self. The culture that once made a city unique has been eroded by the regeneration process replacing it with ‘empty functionality’, the function of the useless space. This de-radicalization is leading are cities in to cultural meltdown. The city is becoming a void for the consumption of mass produced products. This process is ineffective and slow to respond to the social, technological and economical changes that are occurring across the world, leaving are cities in a vulnerable position. Citizens have become content providers, they negotiate what’s presented, designers now need to create frameworks, rather than relying on the magical strokes of their pens! How can we alter the crude cultural-led regeneration strategies and techniques of the last century? How can we begin to solve the problems of de-radicalization and Gentrification of regenerated cities? Will the post cultural city be a place of hyper-production or hyper–consumption, or perhaps there is a way of combining the two

A comparative study on efficacy of nepafenac and flurbiprofen in maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis during cataract surgery: an open label randomized controlled trial

Background: Surgery on the ocular tissue brings about activation of phospholipase A3 thereby releasing prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Prostaglandins bring about meiosis during surgery, changes in IOP, conjunctival hyperaemia. Newer topical NSAID’s Nepafenac and Flurbiprofen are potent inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme thereby inhibiting the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of preoperative use of topical Nepafenac (0.1%) and Flurbiprofen (0.03%) in maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis during cataract surgery.Methods: A randomised, comparative study was performed on 104 patients, 52 were allocated in each group and were given either of the topical NSAID’s Nepafenac or Flurbiprofen prior to cataract surgery. Pupillary diameter was measured at the beginning and at the end of the surgery and the values were compared between the groups. Mean and standard deviation was calculated and between two groups comparison was done using students t-test.Results: The mean pupillary diameter of the two groups were comparable at the beginning of surgery (p=0.34). The mean change in the pupillary diameter was 1.86±0.71mm in the Nepafenac group and 1.77±0.72mm in the Flurbiprofen group. There was no statistically significant difference among both the groups in maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis (p=0.47).Conclusions: Pre-operative use of Nepafenac and Flurbiprofen were equally effective in preventing meiosis during cataract surgery

Entropy Generation/Availability Energy Loss Analysis Inside MIT Gas Spring and "Two Space" Test Rigs

The results of the entropy generation and availability energy loss analysis under conditions of oscillating pressure and oscillating helium gas flow in two Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) test rigs piston-cylinder and piston-cylinder-heat exchanger are presented. Two solution domains, the gas spring (single-space) in the piston-cylinder test rig and the gas spring + heat exchanger (two-space) in the piston-cylinder-heat exchanger test rig are of interest. Sage and CFD-ACE+ commercial numerical codes are used to obtain 1-D and 2-D computer models, respectively, of each of the two solution domains and to simulate the oscillating gas flow and heat transfer effects in these domains. Second law analysis is used to characterize the entropy generation and availability energy losses inside the two solution domains. Internal and external entropy generation and availability energy loss results predicted by Sage and CFD-ACE+ are compared. Thermodynamic loss analysis of simple systems such as the MIT test rigs are often useful to understand some important features of complex pattern forming processes in more complex systems like the Stirling engine. This study is aimed at improving numerical codes for the prediction of thermodynamic losses via the development of a loss post-processor. The incorporation of loss post-processors in Stirling engine numerical codes will facilitate Stirling engine performance optimization. Loss analysis using entropy-generation rates due to heat and fluid flow is a relatively new technique for assessing component performance. It offers a deep insight into the flow phenomena, allows a more exact calculation of losses than is possible with traditional means involving the application of loss correlations and provides an effective tool for improving component and overall system performance

A System Dynamics Evaluation Model: Implementation of Health Information Exchange for Public Health Reporting

The objective of this study is to evaluate complex dynamics involved in implementing electronic health information exchange for public health reporting at a state health department, and to identify policy implications to inform similar implementations. Qualitative data were collected over eight months from seven experts at NYS DOH who implemented web services and protocols for querying, receipt, and validation of electronic data supplied by regional health information organizations. Extensive project documentation also was collected. During group meetings experts described the implementation process and created reference modes and causal diagrams that the evaluation team used to build a preliminary model. System dynamics modeling techniques were applied iteratively to build causal loop diagrams representing the implementation. Validation of the diagrams was done iteratively by individual experts followed by group review online, and through confirmatory review of documents a! nd artifacts. Three casual loop diagrams captured well-recognized system dynamics: Sliding Goals, Project Rework, and Maturity of Resources. The findings were associated with specific policies that address funding, leadership, ensuring expertise, planning for rework, communication, and timeline management. This evaluation illustrates the value of a qualitative approach to system dynamics modeling. As a tool for strategic thought about complicated and intense processes, qualitative models can be produced with fewer resources than a full simulation, yet still provide insights that are timely and relevant. System dynamics techniques clarified endogenous and exogenous factors at play in a highly complex technology implementation, which may inform other states engaged in implementing HIE supported by federal HITECH legislatio

The marks that humans’ leave are too often scars

Caesarean scar ectopics are the newest member of this obstetric emergency. Although rare, are associated with torrential haemorrhage. Gravida 3 para 2 with previous two caesarean sections with spotting per vaginum. Ultrasound showed a pregnancy embedded in the scar of previous caesarean section. MRI confirmed it. Beta human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was 15000 which dropped to 5000 after. An innovative approach was taken to laparoscopically evacuate the pregnancy. The products of conception were removed and the incision sutured so as to achieve haemostasis. Beta HCG was 15000 which dropped to 5000. Patient was haemodynamically stable and discharged on day 3. An innovative approach with skilled surgical technique not only decreased the morbidity but also avoided an unnecessary hysterectomy

The evolution of electron dispersion in the series of rare-earth tritelluride compounds obtained from their charge-density-wave properties and susceptibility calculations

We calculated electron susceptibility of rare-earth tritelluride compounds RTe$_3$ as a function of temperature, wave vector and electron-dispersion parameters. Comparison of results obtained with the available experimental data on the transition temperature and on the wave vector of a charge-density wave in these compounds allowed us to predict values and the evolution of electron-dispersion parameters with the variation of atomic number of rare-earth element R.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Information Searching Using Web Data Extraction for Acquiring Enrich MM Results

There are many question answer sites are available now a day. In that Community Question Answering Sites are achieved lots of popularity over last years. But the drawback of available question answering system is that it can only provide multiple solutions of the textual answer and user need to select one of them. In this paper, we propose a scheme that enriches the textual answer with multimedia data. Our scheme consists of four models: QA pair extraction, answer medium selection, query generation and selection and presentation. The type media information added with the textual data is determined. The question answer pair is generated from the available Community Question Answering Sites database. Query is generated for the multimedia data. The final resulting data must be selected after re-ranking and removal operation and then present to the user. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15014