6 research outputs found

    Liposomal Tumor Targeting in Drug Delivery Utilizing MMP-2- and MMP-9-Binding Ligands

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    Nanotechnology offers an alternative to conventional treatment options by enabling different drug delivery and controlled-release delivery strategies. Liposomes being especially biodegradable and in most cases essentially nontoxic offer a versatile platform for several different delivery approaches that can potentially enhance the delivery and targeting of therapies to tumors. Liposomes penetrate tumors spontaneously as a result of fenestrated blood vessels within tumors, leading to known enhanced permeability and subsequent drug retention effects. In addition, liposomes can be used to carry radioactive moieties, such as radiotracers, which can be bound at multiple locations within liposomes, making them attractive carriers for molecular imaging applications. Phage display is a technique that can deliver various high-affinity and selectivity peptides to different targets. In this study, gelatinase-binding peptides, found by phage display, were attached to liposomes by covalent peptide-PEG-PE anchor creating a targeted drug delivery vehicle. Gelatinases as extracellular targets for tumor targeting offer a viable alternative for tumor targeting. Our findings show that targeted drug delivery is more efficient than non-targeted drug delivery

    Naudan siirtely työturvallisuuden kannalta

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    Maatalouteen liittyy monenlaisia tapaturma- ja vaaratilanteita, koska työympĂ€ristö on vaihteleva. Siihen kuuluu kaikenlaisia tehtĂ€viĂ€ kuten elĂ€inten hoitoa ja kasvinviljelyĂ€. Eniten tapaturmia sattuu elĂ€inten hoidossa tai ulkoisesta työympĂ€ristöstĂ€ johtuen. KotielĂ€intiloilla kĂ€sittely- ja siirtelytilanteissa vuosina 2000–2004 sattui yli 4000 tapaturmaa, joista emolehmĂ€tiloilla tapaturmista sattui noin puolet. Turvallisuutta voidaan parantaa elĂ€inten ja ihmisten rauhallisella kĂ€ytöksellĂ€, ennakoimalla vaaratilanne sekĂ€ hyvĂ€llĂ€ työturvallisuussuunnitelmalla. OpinnĂ€ytetyössĂ€ teimme teemahaastattelut viidelle emolehmĂ€tilalliselle. Tutkimme kuinka he hoitavat turvallisuusasiat elĂ€inten siirtelyssĂ€ ja kĂ€sittelyssĂ€. Kuinka he ovat sitĂ€ suunnitelleet, minkĂ€laisia tapaturmia on sattunut ja mitĂ€ työvĂ€lineitĂ€ ja koneita kĂ€ytetÀÀn. Vastaukset analysoitiin ja teimme esimerkkitilalle kehittĂ€misehdotuksia, joilla he voivat parantaa elĂ€inten siirtely- ja kĂ€sittelytilanteita. Siirtely- ja kĂ€sittelytilanteissa tulee olla rauhallinen sekĂ€ kĂ€rsivĂ€llinen, jolloin siirtely saadaan sujumaan turvallisesti. Työturvallisuutta tulee suunnitella jo etukĂ€teen, ennen kuin ryhtyy edes siirtelyjĂ€ tekemÀÀn. Kaikkien haastateltavien mielestĂ€ elĂ€inten kanssa tulee olla kĂ€ttĂ€ pidempÀÀ mukana, kuten ajokeppi. Oma lauma on hyvĂ€ tuntea, jotta osaa ennakoida elĂ€inten liikkeet ja tietÀÀ kuinka elĂ€imet reagoivat mihinkin sekĂ€ minkĂ€lainen pakoalue niillĂ€ on. Siirtelyreitit tulisi rakentaa ja suunnitella mahdollisimman helpoiksi ja kestĂ€viksi. KehittĂ€misehdotuksia esimerkkitilalle oli painavammat mm. aitaelementit, jotta siirtelytilanteissa aidat kestĂ€isivĂ€t elĂ€inten puskemiset paremmin. Siirtelykuja tulisi olla vahvempi ja kujan rakentamiseen voitaisiin kĂ€yttÀÀ aitatolppia, jotka ovat lujia ja vahvoja sekĂ€ nĂ€kyvÀÀ lankaa. Kuja tulee olla sen verran kapea, ettĂ€ elĂ€in ei mahdu kÀÀntymÀÀn sekĂ€ ettĂ€ se nĂ€kee koko ajan, minne se on menossa. TĂ€llöin liike on hyvÀÀ ja siirtely sujuu turvallisesti ja jouhevasti

    Integration of questionnaire-based risk factors improves polygenic risk scores for human coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes

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    Evidence of a causal effect of genetic tendency to gain muscle mass on uterine leiomyomata

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    Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are the most common tumours of the female genital tract and the primary cause of surgical removal of the uterus. Genetic factors contribute to UL susceptibility. To add understanding to the heritable genetic risk factors, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of UL in up to 426,558 European women from FinnGen and a previous UL meta-GWAS. In addition to the 50 known UL loci, we identify 22 loci that have not been associated with UL in prior studies. UL-associated loci harbour genes enriched for development, growth, and cellular senescence. Of particular interest are the smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation-regulating genes functioning on the myocardin-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A pathway. Our results further suggest that genetic predisposition to increased fat-free mass may be causally related to higher UL risk, underscoring the involvement of altered muscle tissue biology in UL pathophysiology. Overall, our findings add to the understanding of the genetic pathways underlying UL, which may aid in developing novel therapeutics.Peer reviewe

    Evidence of a causal effect of genetic tendency to gain muscle mass on uterine leiomyomata

    No full text
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