Profils bactériens et fongiques dans les fèces des tisserins villageois (Ploceus cucullatus) dans la ville de Dschang et ses environs (Ouest-Cameroun)

Cette étude participe à l’établissement de l’état de santé des tisserins villageois (Ploceus cucullatus) dans la ville de Dschang et de ses environs, ainsi que sur les risques potentiels de transmission de leurs germes à l’homme et aux autres animaux. A cet effet, un total de 65 oiseaux ont été capturés et examinés pour la recherche des microorganismes. Les techniques de culture, d’isolement, les tests colorimétriques et biochimiques, de même que les observations microscopiques ont permis l’identification de neuf genres d’entérobactéries et deux espèces de levures dans les fèces des oiseaux. Les prévalences obtenues pour les différents microorganismes étaient les suivantes : Salmonella sp.  (78,46%), Escherichia coli (60,00%), Enterobacter sp. (56,92%), Proteus sp. (44,62%), Candida albicans (38,46%), Shigella sp. (9,23%), Yersinia sp. (9,23%) et Cryptococcus neoformans (4,62%). L’analyse de ces résultats a pris en compte l’interaction des différentes variables  environnementales (sites de capture et saisons) et les caractéristiques de l’oiseau (âge, sexe et poids). Les sites de capture, l’âge et le sexe semblent ne pas influencer la transmission de ces agents infectieux chez le tisserin gendarme. Les hôtes de faible poids ont tendance à être plus infectés par Salmonella sp. La saison a influencé significativement la transmission de Salmonella sp. et de Candida albicans. L’ensemble de ces observations permet de mieux comprendre l’interaction tisserin-microorganismes et soulève bon nombre de questions sur la pathogénicité de ces microorganismes. Mots clés : Tisserin gendarme, agents infectieux, prévalence, transmission, Dschang

Design of Control and Interlocking System for a Typical Radar Transmitter

The paper presents design and constructional features of CPLD based control and interlocking units for a typical MST radar transmitter. The conventional digital hardware used for controlling the radar transmitter and performing the interlock operations has been replaced by Xilinx’s XC9572C10PC84 CPLD device. The latest state of the art devices replace the front panel switches and LEDs display. This has resulted in miniaturizing the entire control and interlock subsystems. The necessary code is written in Verilog HDL. The newly designed system overcomes the design flaws in the earlier system hardware. The performance and results of the system have been verified with the simulation and real time testing at the plant. The unit testing is performed for more than four months with continuous operation of transmitter and the test report is highly encouraging

Embedded Based DC Motor Speed Control System

An embedded based DC motor speed control system using cygnal microcontroller (C8051F020) has been designed and developed. It is based on frequency domain technique. The principle is opto-coupler senses the speed of the motor in the form of TTL pulses, which is given to F/V (frequency to voltage) converter. The output of the F/V converter voltage is fed to an inbuilt 12-bit ADC of cygnal microcontroller. The converted digital value applied in Liner equitation for converting back to frequency and speed is displayed on two lines LCD in RPM. Microcontroller is applied for PID control action to correct error in the form of voltage to the motor through built-in 12-bit D/A converter, PWM circuit, and actuator. The present study discusses the design, development, fabrication, and analysis of cygnal microcontroller based PID logic controller for DC motor speed control systems. Software is developed in ‘C’ language using Si-Lab IDE C-cross compiler. The paper deals with the hardware and software details

Nanowire Metal-Insulator-Metal Plasmonic Devices

In this paper we theoretically study the responsivity of Metal-Insulator-Metal nanostructures to light illumination over a broad wavelength band (1 - 25 microns) and we examine the role of a local field enhancement and electrostatic field on the responsivity

Disruption of cardiac thin filament assembly arising from a mutation in : A novel mechanism of neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy

Neonatal heart failure is a rare, poorly-understood presentation of familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Exome sequencing in a neonate with severe DCM revealed a homozygous nonsense variant in leiomodin 2 (LMOD2, p.Trp398*). Leiomodins (Lmods) are actin-binding proteins that regulate actin filament assembly. While disease-causing mutations in smooth (LMOD1) and skeletal (LMOD3) muscle isoforms have been described, the cardiac (LMOD2) isoform has not been previously associated with human disease. Like our patient, Lmod2-null mice have severe early-onset DCM and die before weaning. The infant's explanted heart showed extraordinarily short thin filaments with isolated cardiomyocytes displaying a large reduction in maximum calcium-activated force production. The lack of extracardiac symptoms in Lmod2-null mice, and remarkable morphological and functional similarities between the patient and mouse model informed the decision to pursue cardiac transplantation in the patient. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aberrant cardiac thin filament assembly associated with human cardiomyopathy.NIHUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [R01HL108625, R01HL123078, T32GM008638, T32GM07526-41]Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Image_1_Gestational diabetes mellitus in Cameroon: prevalence, risk factors and screening strategies.jpeg

BackgroundThe burden of gestational diabetes (GDM) and the optimal screening strategies in African populations are yet to be determined. We assessed the prevalence of GDM and the performance of various screening tests in a Cameroonian population.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study involving the screening of 983 women at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy for GDM using serial tests, including fasting plasma (FPG), random blood glucose (RBG), a 1-hour 50g glucose challenge test (GCT), and standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). GDM was defined using the World Health Organization (WHO 1999), International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Special Group (IADPSG 2010), and National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE 2015) criteria. GDM correlates were assessed using logistic regressions, and c-statistics were used to assess the performance of screening strategies.FindingsGDM prevalence was 5·9%, 17·7%, and 11·0% using WHO, IADPSG, and NICE criteria, respectively. Previous stillbirth [odds ratio: 3·14, 95%CI: 1·27-7·76)] was the main correlate of GDM. The optimal cut-points to diagnose WHO-defined GDM were 5·9 mmol/L for RPG (c-statistic 0·62) and 7·1 mmol/L for 1-hour 50g GCT (c-statistic 0·76). The same cut-off value for RPG was applicable for IADPSG-diagnosed GDM while the threshold was 6·5 mmol/L (c-statistic 0·61) for NICE-diagnosed GDM. The optimal cut-off of 1-hour 50g GCT was similar for IADPSG and NICE-diagnosed GDM. WHO-defined GDM was always confirmed by another diagnosis strategy while IADPSG and GCT independently identified at least 66·9 and 41·0% of the cases.InterpretationGDM is common among Cameroonian women. Effective detection of GDM in under-resourced settings may require simpler algorithms including the initial use of FPG, which could substantially increase screening yield.</p

Image_2_Gestational diabetes mellitus in Cameroon: prevalence, risk factors and screening strategies.jpeg

BackgroundThe burden of gestational diabetes (GDM) and the optimal screening strategies in African populations are yet to be determined. We assessed the prevalence of GDM and the performance of various screening tests in a Cameroonian population.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study involving the screening of 983 women at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy for GDM using serial tests, including fasting plasma (FPG), random blood glucose (RBG), a 1-hour 50g glucose challenge test (GCT), and standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). GDM was defined using the World Health Organization (WHO 1999), International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Special Group (IADPSG 2010), and National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE 2015) criteria. GDM correlates were assessed using logistic regressions, and c-statistics were used to assess the performance of screening strategies.FindingsGDM prevalence was 5·9%, 17·7%, and 11·0% using WHO, IADPSG, and NICE criteria, respectively. Previous stillbirth [odds ratio: 3·14, 95%CI: 1·27-7·76)] was the main correlate of GDM. The optimal cut-points to diagnose WHO-defined GDM were 5·9 mmol/L for RPG (c-statistic 0·62) and 7·1 mmol/L for 1-hour 50g GCT (c-statistic 0·76). The same cut-off value for RPG was applicable for IADPSG-diagnosed GDM while the threshold was 6·5 mmol/L (c-statistic 0·61) for NICE-diagnosed GDM. The optimal cut-off of 1-hour 50g GCT was similar for IADPSG and NICE-diagnosed GDM. WHO-defined GDM was always confirmed by another diagnosis strategy while IADPSG and GCT independently identified at least 66·9 and 41·0% of the cases.InterpretationGDM is common among Cameroonian women. Effective detection of GDM in under-resourced settings may require simpler algorithms including the initial use of FPG, which could substantially increase screening yield.</p