Proposal for realizing quantum spin models with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction using Rydberg atoms

We propose a method to realize tunable quantum spin models with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in Rydberg atom quantum simulators. Our scheme uses a two-photon Raman transition and transformation to the spin-rotating frame. We investigate the quantum dynamics of the model including only the DMI and Zeeman energy, which can be experimentally realized in our scheme. Unlike its classical counterpart, the magnetization curve in this model is continuous under the open boundary condition. We also show that the model accommodates quantum many-body scars exhibiting nonergodic dynamics.Comment: 7 pages and 4 figures (main) and 13 pages, 8 figures, and 1 table (supple

ニンゲン カガク ニ オケル カンキテキ キジュツ ノ イギ ト カダイ オートエスノグラフィー ジブン ツヅリ ノ ジッセンカ

Since the 2000s, the number of academic articles using autoethnography that have been published has increased signifi cantly, predominantly in the United States. Autoethnography can be classifi ed in two ways: “evocative,” which describes the writer’s subjectivity and emotions without hiding them, and “analytical,” which has a higher affi nity with “traditional” academic research. Carolyn Ellis and Art Bochner , the driving forces behind autoethnography, placed the former —evocative autoethnography — at the core of their work. In Japan, research using autoethnography has gradually begun to be conducted, but most studies are analytical in nature and rarely evocative. This may indicate that the full range of autoethnography methodologies has not yet been explored in Japan. This paper highlights the implications and diffi culties of evocative writing in the human sciences in the Japanese context, where the traditional positivist paradigm is still dominant. First, we consider the development of autoethnography in the United States and the initial controversy between the evocative and analytic approaches. Second, we review the current use of research methods in Japan and confirm that although autoethnography has started to spread, few evocative descriptions could be found. In other words, autoethnography continues to be mostly limited to the analytic approach. Next, we discuss why undergraduate and graduate students are interested in autoethnography, based on the narratives shared in autoethnography workshops. Our fi ndings reveal the necessity and signifi cance of self-description for not only “honest” research, but also including perspectives that have not been adequately captured previously. However, the traditional positivist paradigm that persists has led to hesitation about self-description. Methods of description are also discussed, including how to describe past experiences and the extent to which creative work should be incorporated. Other issues regarding autoethnography are also raised, such as whether descriptions by authors who have overcome suffering may be potentially harmful to readers who are still suffering. We then analyze the motivation for evocative and autobiographical writings and the diffi culties and significance of self-descriptive writing for faculty in the human sciences, based on Izumi Chiba’s recently published self-description and the reader’s comments. We argue that existing academic rules prevent even faculty members from engaging in evocative writing and that approval by the fellow faculty members leads to the relativization of traditional rules. For Chiba, the description of past negative experiences not only reconstructs and heals the self but also provokes a self-narrative for the reader. We suggest that composition, like artistic creations, presented with a clear and honest description, are not opposed to each other, but are complementary and multi-layered in nature. Comments from other faculty members about Chiba’s self-description also indicate that evocative writings can be an opportunity for critical examination of academic premises. Evocative writing has not yet been fully discussed and explored in Japanese academia but opens up a rich area of research that has been excluded from the human sciences until now. Moreover, its content has the potential to be perceived as an honest and credible narrative

サバルタン ハ カタル コト ガ デキルカ ヲ ヨミナオス タメ ニ キョウセイ ノ フィロソフィー ノ シテン カラ

本論文では、ガヤトリ・C・スピヴァクの『サバルタンは語ることができるか』を、共生学という立場から読み直すための論点の一部を整理する。難解であることで知られる同書に対し、テクストに内在する問題と、その受容に伴う問題という二つの方向からアプローチする。まず、テクストにおける問題として、スピヴァクによるフーコー・ドゥルーズ批判をとりあげ、立場の違いが議論の対象の違いへと繋がっていること、哲学的な議論そのものとその受容のプロセスとは切り分けられるべきであることを指摘する。次いで、受容に伴う問題としてrepresentation の翻訳と表記に焦点を当てる。同書の読み直しにより、批判を受け止めることで思想的立場の違いが相補性となり得ること、研究者が自らの代表性（vertretung）を自覚した上で、表現（darstellung）することの重要性をはじめ、共生を論じるための様々な示唆が得られることを示す。In this paper, we will discuss a few arguments for re-reading Gayatri C. Spivak’s “Can the Subaltern Speak?” from the standpoint of Kyosei studies (Critical Studies in Coexistence, Symbiosis, and Conviviality). First, we will discuss the relationship between the author’s position and the subject of research and point out that we should discuss the philosophical argument itself separately from the process of its reception. Next, we will focus on the translation and notation of “representation,” as this poses a problem with the paper’s reception.Through these discussions, we suggest that differences in ideological positions can become complementary by accepting criticism. We also show the importance of expression (darstellung) by researchers who are aware of their own representativeness (vertretung).論

キョウドウ ホンヤク カラ ハジマル キョウセイ キョウソウ ウワベ ダケ デハ ナイ ギロン ト ジッセン ノ タメニ

本稿では、「フォーラム 共生／共創の多角的検討（１）違和感とフラストレーションを起点とした協同的オートエスノグラフィー」を受け、いかに「当事者」の声を聴き、向き合いうるかを論じる。まず、共生や共創の前提となる「他者の声を聴く」際、聞き手が他者の「部分」だけではなく「全体」と向き合う姿勢をもつ必要があることを指摘する。次いで、当事者の「声を聴く」ための方法として、宗教的言説をめぐって当事者と非当事者が共に参画するハーバーマスの「協同翻訳」論に着目する。その上で、協同翻訳が宗教に限定されない共創の方法として応用しうることを論じる。第三に、フォーラム１で表明された、現在の学術的な共生や共創が「当事者のため」のものになっていないのではないか、一定の基準により選抜された人々による「制度的優生思想」と呼びうるものではないかという違和感やフラストレーションに対して、リリアン・ハタノ・テルミの当事者の４Ｆ（Fact、Fear、Frustration、Fairness）理解の教育や竹内章郎の「能力の共同性」論を通した、より公共的な実践や議論への「翻訳」を試みる。最後に、協同翻訳をより積極的に行うための、「インリーチ」や熟議をめぐる議論を紹介する。This paper discusses how we can listen to the voices of minorities, in response to Forum 1: "Re-examining the Kyosei and Kyoso (Co-existence / Co-creation) Through cowriting a collaborative autoethnography on conflicts and frustrations," and change the actual institutional situations and social norms. It is argued that in listening to the voices of others, which is a prerequisite for coexistence and co-creation, it is necessary for the listener to be prepared to face not only the "parts" of others, but also the "whole," including their background. We will refer to Habermas's theory of cooperative translation of religious discourses for public deliberation in which secular and religious citizens participate together as a way of letting voices be heard. Further, we will see that the theory can be applicable for other social problems beyond religious matters. Additionally, discomfort and frustration was expressed in the paper Forum 1 that the current discourses and practices on Kyōsei may not be for minorities or may be even what we might call institutional eugenics based on certain criteria. Therefore, we will attempt to translate them into more public practice and discussion through understanding minorities 4Fs (fact, fear, frustration, fairness) advocated by Lilian Terumi Hatano, through Akiro Takeuchi's theory of the cooperativity of competence. Finally, we will introduce the debate around "in-reach" activities and deliberation in order to make “collaborative translation” more proactive.フォーラム 「共生／共創の多角的検討」Research Article共生／共創の多角的検討―

Survey of Period Variations of Superhumps in SU UMa-Type Dwarf Novae. VIII: The Eighth Year (2015-2016)

Continuing the project described by Kato et al. (2009, arXiv:0905.1757), we collected times of superhump maxima for 128 SU UMa-type dwarf novae observed mainly during the 2015-2016 season and characterized these objects. The data have improved the distribution of orbital periods, the relation between the orbital period and the variation of superhumps, the relation between period variations and the rebrightening type in WZ Sge-type objects. Coupled with new measurements of mass ratios using growing stages of superhumps, we now have a clearer and statistically greatly improved evolutionary path near the terminal stage of evolution of cataclysmic variables. Three objects (V452 Cas, KK Tel, ASASSN-15cl) appear to have slowly growing superhumps, which is proposed to reflect the slow growth of the 3:1 resonance near the stability border. ASASSN-15sl, ASASSN-15ux, SDSS J074859.55+312512.6 and CRTS J200331.3-284941 are newly identified eclipsing SU UMa-type (or WZ Sge-type) dwarf novae. ASASSN-15cy has a short (~0.050 d) superhump period and appears to belong to EI Psc-type objects with compact secondaries having an evolved core. ASASSN-15gn, ASASSN-15hn, ASASSN-15kh and ASASSN-16bu are candidate period bouncers with superhump periods longer than 0.06 d. We have newly obtained superhump periods for 79 objects and 13 orbital periods, including periods from early superhumps. In order that the future observations will be more astrophysically beneficial and rewarding to observers, we propose guidelines how to organize observations of various superoutbursts.Comment: 123 pages, 162 figures, 119 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ (including supplementary information

サバルタン ハ カタルコト ガ デキルカ ヲ トモニ ヨミ トモニ カク キョウセイガク ノ ３ツ ノ アスペクト ヲ チュウシン ニ

本稿は共生・共創を考えるうえで重要なテクストである『サバルタンは語ることができるか』（スピヴァク 1998 ＝Spivak 1988）（以下『サバルタン』）の共読を通して、スピヴァクによる表象（代表／表現）の問題意識を共生学の3 つのアスペクト（フィロソフィー、アート、サイエンス）から多角的に捉えなおすことを目的とする。第1章では、『サバルタン』の共読の舞台となった読書会がはじまった経緯を述べ、正しく内容を読み取ることを志向しながらも「読みの差異」が生まれたことに着目する。第2章では、共生のフィロソフィーの視点から『サバルタン』におけるスピヴァクの立ち位置を確認する。その際にスピヴァクによる自己言及に着目し、サバルタン連続体の見方を導入することの重要性を述べる。第3章では、共生のアートの視点からテクスト経験をオートエスノグラフィとして表現することを通して、自らのサバルタン性を語り直す。第4章では、共生のサイエンスの視点から調査研究を行う際のサバルタン性との関わりを反省的に描き出す。最後にこれらの「読みの差異」を、ポジショナリティの差異として環状島モデルに布置し整理することで、「サバルタン」と、語る主体としての私との関係性を考察する。This paper aims to reconsider Spivak's concept of representation (vertretung/ darstellung) from the perspective of the three aspects of kyosei studies (philosophy, art, and science) through a co-reading of her critical book "Can the Subaltern Speak?" (Spivak 1988). Chapter 1 describes how the reading group of "Subaltern" began and focused on how "differences in reading" appeared while aiming to read the contents correctly. In the second chapter, we confirm Spivak's position in "Subaltern" from the perspective of Kyosei philosophy. In doing so, we focus on Spivak's self-reference and explain the importance of introducing the view of the Subaltern continuum. In Chapter 3, I (Fujisaka) narrate my own Subaltern story through an autoethnography of my personal experiences from the art of Kyosei. In Chapter 4, I (Kazusa) reflectively depict the relationship with Subalternity when researching from the perspective of Kyosei science. Finally, by arranging these "differences in readings" as differences in positionality in a circular island model, we examine the relationship between "Subaltern" and myself as a subject of narration.研究ノートResearch Not

Status of adult outpatients with congenital heart disease in Japan: The Japanese Network of Cardiovascular Departments for Adult Congenital Heart Disease Registry

BackgroundThe Japanese Network of Cardiovascular Departments for Adult Congenital Heart Disease (JNCVD-ACHD) was founded in 2011 for the lifelong care of adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD patients). This network maintains the first Japanese ACHD registry.Methods and resultsFrom 2011 to 2019, the JNCVD-ACHD registered 54 institutions providing specialized care for ACHD patients in 32 of the 47 prefectures in Japan. The registry collected data on the disease profile for 24,048 patients from 50 institutions and the patient characteristics for 9743 patients from 24 institutions. The most common ACHDs were atrial septal defect (20.5 %), ventricular septal defect (20.5 %), tetralogy of Fallot (12.9 %), and univentricular heart (UVH)/single ventricle (SV; 6.6 %). ACHD patients without biventricular repair accounted for 37.0 % of the population. Also examined were the serious anatomical and/or pathophysiological disorders such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (3.0 %) including Eisenmenger syndrome (1.2 %), systemic right ventricle under biventricular circulation (sRV-2VC; 2.8 %), and Fontan physiology (6.0 %). The sRV-2VC cases comprised congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries without anatomical repair (61.9 %) and transposition of the great arteries with atrial switching surgery (38.1 %). The primary etiology (86.4 %) for Fontan physiology was UVH/SV. In addition, developmental/chromosomal/genetic disorders were heterotaxy syndromes (asplenia, 0.9 %; polysplenia, 0.7 %), trisomy 21 (4.0 %), 22q11.2 deletion (0.9 %), Turner syndrome (0.2 %), and Marfan syndrome (1.1 %).ConclusionsAlthough the specific management of ACHD has systematically progressed in Japan, this approach is still evolving. For ideal ACHD care, the prospective goals for the JNCVD-ACHD are to create local networks and provide a resource for multicenter clinical trials to support evidence-based practice

On the origin and evolution of the asteroid Ryugu: A comprehensive geochemical perspective

Presented here are the observations and interpretations from a comprehensive analysis of 16 representative particles returned from the C-type asteroid Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 mission. On average Ryugu particles consist of 50% phyllosilicate matrix, 41% porosity and 9% minor phases, including organic matter. The abundances of 70 elements from the particles are in close agreement with those of CI chondrites. Bulk Ryugu particles show higher δ18O, Δ17O, and ε54Cr values than CI chondrites. As such, Ryugu sampled the most primitive and least-thermally processed protosolar nebula reservoirs. Such a finding is consistent with multi-scale H-C-N isotopic compositions that are compatible with an origin for Ryugu organic matter within both the protosolar nebula and the interstellar medium. The analytical data obtained here, suggests that complex soluble organic matter formed during aqueous alteration on the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal (several 10’s of km), <2.6 Myr after CAI formation. Subsequently, the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal was fragmented and evolved into the current asteroid Ryugu through sublimation

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020)

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock. We aimed to provide high-quality guidelines that are easy to use and understand for specialists, general clinicians, and multidisciplinary medical professionals. J-SSCG 2016 took up new subjects that were not present in SSCG 2016 (e.g., ICU-acquired weakness [ICU-AW], post-intensive care syndrome [PICS], and body temperature management). The J-SSCG 2020 covered a total of 22 areas with four additional new areas (patient- and family-centered care, sepsis treatment system, neuro-intensive treatment, and stress ulcers). A total of 118 important clinical issues (clinical questions, CQs) were extracted regardless of the presence or absence of evidence. These CQs also include those that have been given particular focus within Japan. This is a large-scale guideline covering multiple fields; thus, in addition to the 25 committee members, we had the participation and support of a total of 226 members who are professionals (physicians, nurses, physiotherapists, clinical engineers, and pharmacists) and medical workers with a history of sepsis or critical illness. The GRADE method was adopted for making recommendations, and the modified Delphi method was used to determine recommendations by voting from all committee members.As a result, 79 GRADE-based recommendations, 5 Good Practice Statements (GPS), 18 expert consensuses, 27 answers to background questions (BQs), and summaries of definitions and diagnosis of sepsis were created as responses to 118 CQs. We also incorporated visual information for each CQ according to the time course of treatment, and we will also distribute this as an app. The J-SSCG 2020 is expected to be widely used as a useful bedside guideline in the field of sepsis treatment both in Japan and overseas involving multiple disciplines.other authors: Satoru Hashimoto,Daisuke Hasegawa,Junji Hatakeyama,Naoki Hara,Naoki Higashibeppu,Nana Furushima,Hirotaka Furusono,Yujiro Matsuishi,Tasuku Matsuyama,Yusuke Minematsu,Ryoichi Miyashita,Yuji Miyatake,Megumi Moriyasu,Toru Yamada,Hiroyuki Yamada,Ryo Yamamoto,Takeshi Yoshida,Yuhei Yoshida,Jumpei Yoshimura,Ryuichi Yotsumoto,Hiroshi Yonekura,Takeshi Wada,Eizo Watanabe,Makoto Aoki,Hideki Asai,Takakuni Abe,Yutaka Igarashi,Naoya Iguchi,Masami Ishikawa,Go Ishimaru,Shutaro Isokawa,Ryuta Itakura,Hisashi Imahase,Haruki Imura,Takashi Irinoda,Kenji Uehara,Noritaka Ushio,Takeshi Umegaki,Yuko Egawa,Yuki Enomoto,Kohei Ota,Yoshifumi Ohchi,Takanori Ohno,Hiroyuki Ohbe,Kazuyuki Oka,Nobunaga Okada,Yohei Okada,Hiromu Okano,Jun Okamoto,Hiroshi Okuda,Takayuki Ogura,Yu Onodera,Yuhta Oyama,Motoshi Kainuma,Eisuke Kako,Masahiro Kashiura,Hiromi Kato,Akihiro Kanaya,Tadashi Kaneko,Keita Kanehata,Ken-ichi Kano,Hiroyuki Kawano,Kazuya Kikutani,Hitoshi Kikuchi,Takahiro Kido,Sho Kimura,Hiroyuki Koami,Daisuke Kobashi,Iwao Saiki,Masahito Sakai,Ayaka Sakamoto,Tetsuya Sato,Yasuhiro Shiga,Manabu Shimoto,Shinya Shimoyama,Tomohisa Shoko,Yoh Sugawara,Atsunori Sugita,Satoshi Suzuki,Yuji Suzuki,Tomohiro Suhara,Kenji Sonota,Shuhei Takauji,Kohei Takashima,Sho Takahashi,Yoko Takahashi,Jun Takeshita,Yuuki Tanaka,Akihito Tampo,Taichiro Tsunoyama,Kenichi Tetsuhara,Kentaro Tokunaga,Yoshihiro Tomioka,Kentaro Tomita,Naoki Tominaga,Mitsunobu Toyosaki,Yukitoshi Toyoda,Hiromichi Naito,Isao Nagata,Tadashi Nagato,Yoshimi Nakamura,Yuki Nakamori,Isao Nahara,Hiromu Naraba,Chihiro Narita,Norihiro Nishioka,Tomoya Nishimura,Kei Nishiyama,Tomohisa Nomura,Taiki Haga,Yoshihiro Hagiwara,Katsuhiko Hashimoto,Takeshi Hatachi,Toshiaki Hamasaki,Takuya Hayashi,Minoru Hayashi,Atsuki Hayamizu,Go Haraguchi,Yohei Hirano,Ryo Fujii,Motoki Fujita,Naoyuki Fujimura,Hiraku Funakoshi,Masahito Horiguchi,Jun Maki,Naohisa Masunaga,Yosuke Matsumura,Takuya Mayumi,Keisuke Minami,Yuya Miyazaki,Kazuyuki Miyamoto,Teppei Murata,Machi Yanai,Takao Yano,Kohei Yamada,Naoki Yamada,Tomonori Yamamoto,Shodai Yoshihiro,Hiroshi Tanaka,Osamu NishidaGuideline