Compound geohazards : planning for environmental change

This research sets out to determine the potential effects of climate change on geohazards in the UK and focuses on one of the foremost natural hazards affecting the UK — flooding. In addition to the immediate effects of flooding, areas that are prone to flooding could suffer further problems, accentuating factors such as subsidence and heave (due to the shrink-swell of clays) and reactivation of landslides. The geohazards within these potential flood zones will be heightened as a result. With this in mind, this research focuses on the potential effects of surface-water flooding (initially using the BGS Geological Indicators of Flooding dataset) on natural geohazards in the UK (as represented by BGS GeoSure layers)

Eliza Haywood\u27s Feigning Femmes Fatale: Desirous and Deceptive Women in Fantomina, \u3cem\u3eLove in Excess\u3c/em\u3e, and \u3cem\u3eThe History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless\u3c/em\u3e.

Within the pages of Eliza Haywood\u27s novels, masquerade is often used by female characters as a means by which to gain control or power. More specifically, Haywood\u27s female characters often misrepresent themselves as a means by which to achieve sexual power and even to obtain sexual gratification. Haywood also explores the theme of women\u27s uses of deception and even disguise as methods by which to skirt the confines of a male dominated society and as modes devoted to escaping the boundaries they inflict upon themselves in trying to maintain their virtue

Effects of Aging, Handedness and Saccadic Bilateral Eye Movements on Autobiographical Episodic Memory Recall

Past research has shown that saccadic bilateral eye movements, handedness and age affect performance on recall tasks focussing on episodic autobiographical memory recall. Research has not looked at the interactions between these elements to see if they have a combined effect on episodic autobiographical memory recall. The current experiment will look to test the effects of handedness, age and eye movements on episodic autobiographical memory recall, by assessing recall for both episodic memory and semantic memory with participants aged 18-89. Participants followed an eye movement (bilateral or still) and then answered various recall questions such as ‘recall of events from 5-11 years old’. It was found that overall saccadic bilateral eye movements and handedness had no effect on recall, however there were significant main effects of age. These findings illustrate that the influences of saccades and handedness may be due to hemispheric lateralisation not due to corpus callosum size or communication between the hemispheres. Future research should consider whether retrieval is explained by the reminiscence bump and if there are other processes which cause a link between eye movements and memory recall

What Works: Ten Education, Training, and Work-Based Pathway Changes That Lead to Good Jobs

All along the journey from youth to young adulthood, there are critical junctures at which a change in pathway can have a tremendous impact on a young person's future. What Works: Ten Education, Training, and Work-Based Pathway Changes That Lead to Good Jobs identifies 10 pathway changes with the greatest potential to improve employment outcomes for young adults. The report uses the Pathways-to-Career policy simulation model, developed by CEW researchers using longitudinal data, to identify promising junctures at which strategic interventions could increase the likelihood of working in a good job

Genome-Wide Association with Select Biomarker Traits in the Framingham Heart Study

BACKGROUND: Systemic biomarkers provide insights into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and risk stratification. Many systemic biomarker concentrations are heritable phenotypes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide mechanisms to investigate the genetic contributions to biomarker variability unconstrained by current knowledge of physiological relations. METHODS: We examined the association of Affymetrix 100K GeneChip single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to 22 systemic biomarker concentrations in 4 biological domains: inflammation/oxidative stress; natriuretic peptides; liver function; and vitamins. Related members of the Framingham Offspring cohort (n = 1012; mean age 59 ± 10 years, 51% women) had both phenotype and genotype data (minimum-maximum per phenotype n = 507–1008). We used Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), Family Based Association Tests (FBAT) and variance components linkage to relate SNPs to multivariable-adjusted biomarker residuals. Autosomal SNPs (n = 70,987) meeting the following criteria were studied: minor allele frequency ≥ 10%, call rate ≥ 80% and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p ≥ 0.001. RESULTS: With GEE, 58 SNPs had p < 10-6: the top SNPs were rs2494250 (p = 1.00*10-14) and rs4128725 (p = 3.68*10-12) for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), and rs2794520 (p = 2.83*10-8) and rs2808629 (p = 3.19*10-8) for C-reactive protein (CRP) averaged from 3 examinations (over about 20 years). With FBAT, 11 SNPs had p < 10-6: the top SNPs were the same for MCP1 (rs4128725, p = 3.28*10-8, and rs2494250, p = 3.55*10-8), and also included B-type natriuretic peptide (rs437021, p = 1.01*10-6) and Vitamin K percent undercarboxylated osteocalcin (rs2052028, p = 1.07*10-6). The peak LOD (logarithm of the odds) scores were for MCP1 (4.38, chromosome 1) and CRP (3.28, chromosome 1; previously described) concentrations; of note the 1.5 support interval included the MCP1 and CRP SNPs reported above (GEE model). Previous candidate SNP associations with circulating CRP concentrations were replicated at p < 0.05; the SNPs rs2794520 and rs2808629 are in linkage disequilibrium with previously reported SNPs. GEE, FBAT and linkage results are posted at . CONCLUSION: The Framingham GWAS represents a resource to describe potentially novel genetic influences on systemic biomarker variability. The newly described associations will need to be replicated in other studies.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (N01-HC25195); National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources Shared Instrumentation grant (1S10RR163736-01A1); National Institutes of Health (HL064753, HL076784, AG028321, HL71039, 2 K24HL04334, 1K23 HL083102); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; American Diabetes Association Career Developement Award; National Center for Research Resources (GCRC M01-RR01066); US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (58-1950-001, 58-1950-401); National Institute of Aging (AG14759

The Uptake, Trafficking, and Biodistribution of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Generated Outer Membrane Vesicles

Gram-negative bacteria ubiquitously produce and release nano-size, non-replicative outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). In the gastrointestinal (GI-) tract, OMVs generated by members of the intestinal microbiota are believed to contribute to maintaining the intestinal microbial ecosystem and mediating bacteria–host interactions, including the delivery of bacterial effector molecules to host cells to modulate their physiology. Bacterial OMVs have also been found in the bloodstream although their origin and fate are unclear. Here we have investigated the interactions between OMVs produced by the major human gut commensal bacterium, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt), with cells of the GI-tract. Using a combination of in vitro culture systems including intestinal epithelial organoids and in vivo imaging we show that intestinal epithelial cells principally acquire Bt OMVs via dynamin-dependent endocytosis followed by intracellular trafficking to LAMP-1 expressing endo-lysosomal vesicles and co-localization with the perinuclear membrane. We observed that Bt OMVs can also transmigrate through epithelial cells via a paracellular route with in vivo imaging demonstrating that within hours of oral administration Bt OMVs can be detected in systemic tissues and in particular, the liver. Our findings raise the intriguing possibility that OMVs may act as a long-distance microbiota–host communication system

Polarization-analyzed small-angle neutron scattering. II. Mathematical angular analysis

Polarization-analyzed small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful tool for the study of magnetic morphology with directional sensitivity. Building upon polarized scattering theory, this article presents simplified procedures for the reduction of longitudinally polarized SANS into terms of the three mutually orthogonal magnetic scattering contributions plus a structural contribution. Special emphasis is given to the treatment of anisotropic systems. The meaning and significance of scattering interferences between nuclear and magnetic scattering and between the scattering from magnetic moments projected onto distinct orthogonal axes are discussed in detail. Concise tables summarize the algorithms derived for the most commonly encountered conditions. These tables are designed to be used as a reference in the challenging task of extracting the full wealth of information available from polarization-analyzed SANS

Promoting quality individualized learning plans throughout the lifespan: a revised and updated ILP how to guide 2.0

Promoting Quality Individualized Learning Plans throughout the Lifespan: A Revised and Updated ILP How to Guide 2.0 expands upon the guidance and resources in NCWD/Youth’s earlier ILP How to Guide. ILP How to Guide 2.0 provides career development resources and examples of ILP implementation for an expanded range of age groups and settings including elementary and secondary school, postsecondary education, workforce development programs and other non-school settings. It also offers strategies for building and supporting capacity at the local level to facilitate adoption of the ILP process and provides examples of how to ensure that ILPs are implemented with quality.Published versio