Purpose in Life for Adolescents with Oncological Diseases

Under common circumstances, adolescent age is the period of a young person having to cope with many life problems (resolving issues if personal maturity which increases, respect decreases self‐confidence, changing quality of interests, etc.) We can claim that adolescent age itself involves existential character. If this process involves a serious disease, the situation is really demanding. The aim of the chapter is to describe the process of seeking their own identity in the situation of coping with occurrence of an oncologic disease

Approaches to understanding the phenomenon of missed/rationed/unfinished care – a literature review

Aim: This literature review aims to describe, analyze and compare approaches to the phenomenon of missed/rationed/unfinished nursing care, in order to better our understanding of it. Design: A narrative literature review. Methods: A method of content analysis of studies published in the scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Wiley Library Online was used. Studies were selected using a set of criteria and keywords for the period 2000–2018. Twenty-one studies were analyzed in the processing of the literature review. Results: We identified the four most common approaches or conceptual frameworks used to describe the phenomenon from the available literature – Missed Care, Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care, Task Undone and the theoretical proposition, Failure to Maintain, each of which explicitly describes a particular aspect of the phenomenon, and provides us with a theoretical framework and structure. Conclusion: This review contributes to the overview of particular approaches or theoretical frameworks used to understand the phenomenon. It is necessary to understand the terminology, and to use it appropriately. All approaches identified associations between the phenomenon and negative outcomes for patients as a quality-of-care indicator

Zmysel života, nádej a suicidálne tendencie u vybraných skupín psychiatrických pacientov

Purpose of our research was to assess of selected spiritual variables (hope and meaning of life) in psychiatric patients. Second aim was to examine relationship among hope, meaning of life and suicidal tendencies. We found that psychiatric patients are not a homogeneous group in terms of experiencing sense of hope and meaning of life. The lowest meaning of life was in patients with depression; hope was lowest in patients with alcohol dependence. We found significant differences across all variables. Patients with schizophrenia had highest score in all variables. Level of meaning of life and hope most frequently correlated with level of suicidality in patients with depression, less correlated in patients with alcohol dependence. In patients with schizophrenia only affective dimension of meaning of life correlated with suicidality. Potential explanation of these results is discussed in the paper

INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND PREDICTORS OF RATIONED NURSING CARE AT INTENSIVE CARE UNITS

Background: Rationed nursing care is a significant and widespread problem jeopardizing patient safety and quality of nursing care, mainly in an outpatient setting.  Objective: To explore the prevalence, patterns and predictors of rationed nursing care among nurses working in intensive care units in Slovakia. Method: The study has adopted a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care instrument (PIRNCA). The respondents were intensive care nurses (N=279) from seven hospitals in Slovakia.  Results: The mean level of rationed nursing care was 1.68 (SD = 0.91). The prevalence of rationed nursing care was significantly predicted by nurse education, specialization training, overtime hours, intention to leave the profession, perceived staff adequacy. Quality of patient care and job satisfaction were the most significant predictors of rationed nursing care (p ≤ .05). Conclusions: Hospital management should immediately address the predictors of rationed nursing care in intensive care units to increase quality and safe care, thus improving patient outcomes. Further examination of the quality of patient care and job satisfaction of nurses and their associations with rationed nursing care is needed in intensive care units

EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF DIABETICS REQUIRING VASCULAR SURGERY

Aim: Educational assessment involving epistemological, axiological, and technical conditions was demonstrated to be an important part of the educational process of improving the knowledge and behavior of diabetics requiring vascular surgery. Design: A quantitative interventional prospective study. Methods: The theoretical model of Practical Reasoning of Humanistic Interpretation Method was used to construct the educational assessment. The assessment was followed up by a quantitative interventional prospective study to determine conditions of behavior before and after education. The research sample comprised of diabetics with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) (n = 52), and with Low Extremities Arterial Disease (LEAD) (n = 48) from the University Hospital in Martin, Slovakia. Results: We found no differences in epistemological, axiological, and technical conditions of diabetics with DFS versus LEAD before education. Six months after education, we found significantly better knowledge in patients with DFS. Group education methods, family status, and membership of a diabetics´ club were some of the educational assessment factors confirmed as significant following education of both groups. Conclusion: Educational assessment based on a theoretical model of practical reasoning and behavior revealed a number of differences and conditions which determined learning and behavior in the case of vascular surgery patients, and, we may assume, others besides. Keywords: Diabetic Foot Syndrome, educational assessment, Lower Extremity Arterial Disease, Theoretical model of practical reasoning of humanistic interpretation method

Vplyv pohlavia, vzdelania, vierovyznania a veku na spiritualitu v dospelej populácii

In the last years there is a growing discussion about importance of spirituality in the health care. Majority of research accepted potential healing influence of spirituality. But spirituality is still more unclear than clear concept. Purpose of this study was to compare selected spiritual variables (hope, meaning of life, spiritual experiences and spiritual wellbeing) in groups of healthy adults divided by gender, educational level and denomination. We examined relationship among age and spiritual variables, too. We found out no significant differences among men and women in spiritual variables. In depending on educational level we found out significant differences in spiritual well-being. Respondents with university education had significant lower level of spiritual well-being than respondents with secondary education. In accordance to denomination we found out significant differences in level of hope and spiritual well-being. Those who had different denomination as catholic or evangelical had the highest level of hope and those with any denomination had higher level of spiritual well-being than non-believers. Age had negative significant relationship only with spiritual well-being. On the one hand, our findings confirm that spirituality is a universal phenomenon that occurs in all people, whether recognized or not. On the other hand, confirm opinion of researchers who emphasize the particular personality and individuality of spirituality

VZDELÁVACIE RÁMCE A OBLASTI KOMPETENCIÍ ŠTUDENTOV OŠETROVATEĽSTVA SÚVISIACE S BEZPEČNOSŤOU PACIENTOV: INTEGRATÍVNY PREHĽAD

Východiská: Téma bezpečnosti pacientov nie je v mnohých krajinách v rámci pregraduálneho vzdelávania sestier explicitne špecifikovaná. Cieľ: Identifikovať vzdelávacie rámce v dostupnej relevantnej literatúre a sumarizovať vzdelávacie oblasti týkajúce sa bezpečnosti pacientov u študentov ošetrovateľstva. Metódy: Integratívny prehľad literatúry. Vyhľadávanie bolo realizované v troch vedeckých databázach a to PubMed, Scopus a ProQuest v novembri 2022. Celkovo bolo vyhľadaných 410 záznamov. Proces triedenia bol reflektovaný prostredníctvom PRISMA diagramu. Výsledkom vyhľadávania bolo šesť odborných článkov, z ktorých boli extrahované vzdelávacie oblasti a následne bola realizovaná tematická sumarizácia. Výsledky: Identifikované vzdelávacie rámce pre ošetrovateľstvo boli rozdelené na všeobecné a špecifické. Spoločným znakom všetkých rámcov sú vzdelávacie oblasti súvisiace s poskytovaním bezpečnej starostlivosti. Na základe ich integrácie do kurikúl by sa študenti ošetrovateľstva mali vzdelávať v týchto oblastiach: bezpečnosť; kultúra bezpečnosti pacienta; tímová práca; komunikácia; prax založená na dôkazoch; starostlivosť zameraná na pacienta; nežiaduce udalosti; ľudské a  systémové faktory; informovanosť; kvalita starostlivosti; špecifické problémy a iné. Záver: Realizovaný integratívny prehľad môže byť užitočný pre začlenenie identifikovaných vzdelávacích oblastí do pregraduálneho štúdia ošetrovateľstva. Prvou etapou by však mala byť dôkladná analýza učebných plánov jednotlivých študijných programov.Background: The topic of patient safety is not explicitly specified in undergraduate nursing education in many countries. Aim: To identify educational frameworks in the available relevant literature and summarise educational domains related to patient safety for nursing students. Methods: Integrative literature review. The search was conducted in three scientific databases namely PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest in November 2022. A total of 410 records were retrieved. The screening process was reflected through the PRISMA diagram. The search resulted in six studies from which the educational domains were extracted, and the thematic summarization was subsequently performed. Results: Nursing educational frameworks were divided into general and specific. The common feature of all frameworks is the educational domains related to the provision of safe care. Based on their integration into the curricula, nursing students should be educated in the following areas: safety; patient safety culture; teamwork; communication; evidence-based practice; patient-centered care; adverse events; human and system factors; awareness; quality of care; specific problems and others. Conclusion: An integrative review conducted may be useful for incorporating the identified learning domains into undergraduate nursing education. However, the first stage should be a rigorous analysis of the nursing programmes curricula.Východiská: Téma bezpečnosti pacientov nie je v mnohých krajinách v rámci pregraduálneho vzdelávania sestier explicitne špecifikovaná. Cieľ: Identifikovať vzdelávacie rámce v dostupnej relevantnej literatúre a sumarizovať vzdelávacie oblasti týkajúce sa bezpečnosti pacientov u študentov ošetrovateľstva. Metódy: Integratívny prehľad literatúry. Vyhľadávanie bolo realizované v troch vedeckých databázach a to PubMed, Scopus a ProQuest v novembri 2022. Celkovo bolo vyhľadaných 410 záznamov. Proces triedenia bol reflektovaný prostredníctvom PRISMA diagramu. Výsledkom vyhľadávania bolo šesť odborných článkov, z ktorých boli extrahované vzdelávacie oblasti a následne bola realizovaná tematická sumarizácia. Výsledky: Identifikované vzdelávacie rámce pre ošetrovateľstvo boli rozdelené na všeobecné a špecifické. Spoločným znakom všetkých rámcov sú vzdelávacie oblasti súvisiace s poskytovaním bezpečnej starostlivosti. Na základe ich integrácie do kurikúl by sa študenti ošetrovateľstva mali vzdelávať v týchto oblastiach: bezpečnosť; kultúra bezpečnosti pacienta; tímová práca; komunikácia; prax založená na dôkazoch; starostlivosť zameraná na pacienta; nežiaduce udalosti; ľudské a  systémové faktory; informovanosť; kvalita starostlivosti; špecifické problémy a iné. Záver: Realizovaný integratívny prehľad môže byť užitočný pre začlenenie identifikovaných vzdelávacích oblastí do pregraduálneho štúdia ošetrovateľstva. Prvou etapou by však mala byť dôkladná analýza učebných plánov jednotlivých študijných programov