Judicial privilgies of Saxons in mixed disputes in Medieval Serbia

Based on the contemporary testimonies, wealth of the Serbian medieval kings was significantly increased by exploitation of number of precious metal mines that existed in their realm. Beginnings of the mine exploitation in medieval Serbia are related to the settlements of Saxon miners. Saxons were mining experts in medieval Europe who worked in distant mines far away from their homeland Saxony. They worked in this profitable mining business not only in Serbia, but also in Bohemia, Hungary (Transylvania and modern Slovakia) and Bosnia. The settlement of Saxons in Serbia occurred in time of the reign of King Stefan Uros I (1234-1276). Although without preserved sources which could directly support this thesis, Serbian historiography advocates that certain privileges were granted to the Roman Catholic Saxons at the time of their migration in orthodox Serbia. It appears that these privileges included self-government, freedom of religion, and mining concessions. Also judicial privileges are often mentioned in historiography especially the right of Saxons to one half of the members of their ethnicity in judicial collegium and jury in the case of a dispute with member of another ethic group. This paper attempts to test the thesis related to composition of mixed courts and juries by applying historical method, and linguistic, systemic and historical interpretation of the sources such as King's Charters issued to Dubrovnik, Dusan's Code and Despot Stefan's Mining Code

Bona fides as a condition of usucapio in classical Roman law

Предмет рада је савесност као услов узукапије од првог века п.н.е. до трећег века н.е. Пред тога, истраживање се бави и правним основом као условом таквог стицања, у оној мери у којој је то потребно за изучавање bonae fidei. Циљ рада је расветљавање историјске генезе поменутих услова, односно одговор на питања када, како и зашто су они настали. Примењени методи су језичко, системско и историјско тумачење античких извора, као и регресивна историјска анализа правних института. Интерполационистича критика извора се примењује уздржано и то само онда када за то дају повода несугласице у изворима, а до научних истина се не може доћи другим путем. Истраживањем су обухваћени сви сачувани правни извори који говоре о предмету рада. Институт одржаја се посматра као историјски променљив феномен. У раду се бране следеће хипотезе: Вonae fides је настала у раном класичном периоду и то као разрада забране стицања одржајем animo furandi, која је уведена Законом дванаест таблица или Атинијевим законом, о чему постоји индиректно сведочанство у изворима. Сви случајеви савесности класичног права се могу поделити у две групе: прва, у којој савесности значи заблуду о томе да неко лице има право да пренесе својину и друга, у којој нема преносиоца. У другој групи се савесност јавља у два облика, као заблуда о неком својству ствари која се стиче или као погрешна представа стицаоца о неком његовом личном својсту. Као посебан вид савесности се јавља погрешно уверење да се стиче за свог оца породице. Вonae fides је фактичка заблуда, а крајем класичног периода је било потребо и да је она изазвана (намерном или несвесном) радњом трећег лица.The subject of this work is good faith as a condition of usucapio from 1st century B.C. until 3rd century A.D. Apart from this, the research also deals with the legal title required for this method of acquisition, in such a degree as may seem necessary for the study of bonae fidei. The goal of the work is to shed light on the historical genesis of the mentioned requirements i.e. to find out the answer as to when, how and why they came into existence. The applied methods were linguistic, systematic and historical interpretation of classical sources, as well as regressive historical analysis of legal institutions. Interpolationistic critic was applied with a reserve, only when it was justified by contradictions in the sources so that scientific truths cannot be arrived at in any other way. The research takes into account all surviving legal sources which speak about the subject of the work. The institution of usucapio is looked upon as a historically changing phenomenon. Following hypotheses are defended in the work: Bona fides originated in early classical period as a prohibition of usucapio in presence of animus furandi, which was introduced by the Law of the Twelve Tables or lex Atinia, of which there are indirect testimonies in the sources. All cases of bona fides in classical law may be divided into two groups: first, those where bona fides means an erroneous belief that someone has the right to transfer ownership and the other, where there is in fact no transferor. In the second group, bona fides appears in two forms, as error regarding some property of the thing to be acquired or as error regarding the personal characteristics of the recipient. A specific form of bona fides was the false belief that one was acquiring for his pater familias. Bona fides was error of fact, at the end of the classical period it was required that it also be caused by a willful or negligent action of a third person

History of law and other humanities: views of the legal world across the time

This book is the result of discussions that took place during the XXIII Forum of the Association of Young Legal Historians held in Naples in the spring of 2017.The collection of thirty-five essays presented here examines the links forged through the ages between the realm of law and the expressions of the humanistic culture. The essays are organized into sections of ten chapters based around ten different themes. Two main perspectives emerged: in some articles the topic relates to the conventional approach of ‘law and/in humanities’ (iconography, literature, architecture, cinema, music), other articles are about more traditional connections between fields of knowledge (in particular, philosophy, political experiences, didactics). The variety of authorial nationalities gives the collection a multicultural character and the historiographical interpretation is the element that unites the collection, with a breadth of the chronological period goes from antiquity to the contemporary age. This project is the result of discussions that took place during the XXIII Forum of the Association of Young Legal Historians held in Naples in the spring of 2017.New Perspectives on ‘Law and Humanities’ together with a ‘Musical’ Approach to the History of Legal Problems: Looking Through the Mirror of Opera / Valerio Massimo Minale (pp. 15-24). -- (History of) Law and Other Humanities: When, Why, How / Luigi Lacchè (pp. 25-43). -- A Legal Study of Medieval Cities from the 11th to 14th Century: The Example of Sigillography in France / Romain Broussais (pp. 47-68). -- Typographic Art and Roman Law: A Renaissance Image of the Lex XII tabularum / Fabiana Tuccillo (pp. 69-80). -- «Oh, the Law is Ruination, and Attorneys are Vexation ...» Law and Lawyers in the Opera and Operetta / Krzysztof Bokwa (pp. 83-95). -- The Boyars, the Poet and the Composer. The Portrayal of the Boyar Duma in Puškin’s and Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov / Nina Kršljanin, Filip Milinković (pp. 97-122). -- The Dreyfus Affair in Music. L’Hymne à la Justice of Albéric Magnard / Mario Riberi (pp. 123-137). -- Scientia iuris and architectura. A Focus on Buildings for Shows / Paola Pasquino (pp. 141-156). -- Optimus princeps and the Triumphal Arch in Benevento / Alessio Guasco (pp. 157-166). -- Law, Justice and Architecture in Modern Venice: The Rectors’ Palaces and the Government of the Mainland / Claudia Passarella (pp. 167-179). -- Milan’s Courthouse: A View of the Roman Legal Culture across Fascist Ideology / Virginia Maria De Capitani (pp. 181-192). -- Cicero’s Thinking on the Essence of Legal Reasoning / Valentina Cvetković- Dordević (pp. 195-204). -- Interpreting the Antiheretical Edict of Wieluń. Between Literal Meaning and Philosophical Approach / Paweł Dziwiński (pp. 205-220). -- Law and Humanities in Giambattista Vico’s Thought. A First Understanding / Alessia Farano (pp. 221-234). -- The National Codification of Civil Law in Poland at the Beginning of the 19th Century. Sources and Inspirations / Piotr Pomianowski (pp. 235- 245). -- The Frogs by Aristophanes: When Comedy Meets Legal History / Athanasios Delios (pp. 249-263). -- Medicus between Perception and Reality as Portrayed in Some Non-legal Sources / Nikol Žiha (pp. 265-285). -- Military Law, Justice and Discipline in the Early Modern Owlglass Literature from Central Europe / Przemysław Gawron, Jan Jerzy Sowa (pp. 287-298). -- Pamphlet Literature Reflecting Parliamentary Opposition at the Time of the French Fronde: The Example of the Mazarinades (1648- 1649) / Juan Manuel Hernández Vélez (pp. 299-313). -- The Methods for the Legitimation of the Succession of James II in Aphra Behn’s Poem for Coronation / Balázs Rigó (pp. 315-327). -- Balzac and the Criticisms of the French Civil Code in the First Half of the 19th Century / Elisabeth Bruyère (pp. 329-336). -- The Medieval Legal Practice of Exculpatory Oath and Trial by Fire in the Legend of Queen Isolde / Alicja Bańczyk (pp. 339-347). -- Between Law and Literature. Violations of the Legal Rule in the Decameron / Daniela Buccomino (pp. 349-376). -- Institutions and Criminal Procedure of the Magdeburg Law in Poland according to Judas’Sack by Sebastian Fabian Klonowic / Lukasz Golaszewski (pp. 377- 390). -- A Letter from Detention: The Edition of Letters of Livonian Humanistic Lawyer David Hilchen as an Interdisciplinary Challenge / Hesi Siimets-Gross (391-405). -- The Case of Eszter Solymosi from Tiszaeszlár: The Notorious Blood Libel Trial through the Eyes of Gyula Krúdy / Imre Képessy (pp. 407-418). -- Reading a Travel Journal. The Melancholia of Gina Lombroso in Latin America / Francesco Rotondo (pp. 419-430). -- History of Rome, History of Roman Law and Cinema / Carlo De Cristofaro (pp. 433-442). -- You Can Only Write Once – Rights to Autorship, Inspiration and Transformation in the Chosen Judgements of U.S. Courts Involving the Copyrights on the James Bond Character / Wojciech Bańczyk (pp. 443-453). -- Advertising and the Rule of Law. Law in Representations of Insurance in Late 19th Century Netherlands / Christina Reimann (pp. 457-470). -- Newspapers and the Making of Popular Legal Culture. The Example of the Death Penalty in France (20th century) / Nicolas Picard (pp. 471-482). -- Secularism versus Religion-based Legal Pluralism: The Diverse Views on These Concepts in Modern Muslim Discourse and Culture between 19th and 21st Century / Rafal Kaczmarczyk (pp. 483-493). -- Legal Organization of Medieval Serbian Mining Communities / Andreja Katančević (pp. 497-512). -- The Structure of the Government and the Press / Gábor Bathó (pp. 513-525). -- The Influence of Political Factors on the Adjudicating on Petty Offences in the People’s Republic of Poland / Marcin Lysko (pp. 527-535). -- History and Legal History in Latin America. Reflections on a Necessary Dialogue with Special Attention to Cuban Experience / Fabricio Mulet Martínez (pp. 539-549). -- Teaching a Historical Context in a First-Year ‘Introduction to Private Law’ Course. The Effects of Teaching Approaches and a Learning Environment on Students’ Learning / Emanuel G. D. van Dongen, Irma Meijerman (pp. 551-569)