Wahrnehmung als Kategorie der Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft

In ihrer einführenden Studie versucht Ingrid Kasten (durch die Vorstellung neuerer methodologischer und literaturtheoretischer Konzepte), den Begriff der Wahrnehmung als epistemische Kategorie der Literaturwissenschaft weiter zu fundieren indem sie Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten in anderen, benachbarten Forschungsgebieten sucht (u.a. in der Sprechakttheorie, in der philosophischen Phänomenologie und im Forschungs-paradigma ‚Theatralität’ / ‚Szenographie’); Kasten betrachtet die Kategorie der Wahrnehmung als eine „kulturtheoretisch argumentierende Literaturwissenschaft“

Das Frauenlied : Reinmar: Lieber bote, nu wirp alsô

Die komplementäre Funktion, welche der (…) besprochene Frauenlied-Typus im Blick auf die Männerlieder Reinmars erfüllt, zeigt sich besonders deutlich in dem Lied „Lieber bote nu wirp alsô“, in dem das Moment der artistischen Selbstdarstellung im Unterschied zu den anderen Liedern der Sequenz nicht in besonderer Weise ausgeprägt ist. Denn in dem hier gezeichneten Schwanken der Frau zwischen Reden und Schweigen, zwischen Sagen und Versagen, vollzieht sich eine Bewegung, die auch für viele Männerlieder Reinmars charakteristisch ist, in denen ein Entschluß oder eine Aussage am Ende des Liedes in einer „revocatio“ wieder zurückgenommen wird

Early diagenesis of iron and sulfur in Bornholm Basin sediments: the role of near-surface pyrite formation

Pyrite formation in marine sedimentary environments plays a key role in the global biogeochemical cycles of carbon, sulfur and iron, regulating Earth’s surface redox balance over geological time scales. The sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite is one of the major geochemical tools for investigating early diagenetic processes in modern marine sediments and substantive changes to the Earth’s surface environment in ancient sedimentary rocks. We studied sulfur–iron diagenesis and the sulfur isotopic evolution in sediments of the Bornholm Basin, southwestern Baltic Sea, to track the formation of pyrite in the near-surface sediments. Pyrite accumulation is observed with depth over the uppermost 100 cm before the extent of pyritization of the highly reactive iron pool (Fepy/FeHR) stays constant at ca. 0.9, suggesting that the use of a single iron-speciation parameter as a proxy for anoxic and sulfidic conditions needs to be supported by other independent indicators in sedimentary records. Stable sulfur isotopic analysis demonstrates that the bulk pools of elemental sulfur and iron monosulfide do not exchange isotopes completely with aqueous sulfide. We suggest that the reactions with polysulfide and aqueous sulfide are probably restricted to the surface of the solid-phase sulfur and iron-sulfur aggregates. Although pyrite is growing throughout the uppermost sediment column, the pyrite at depth has a sulfur isotopic composition similar to that of pyrite that formed near the sediment surface. To understand the isotopic discrepancy between pyrite and aqueous sulfide in the deeper sediments, we developed a simple diagenetic model, which reproduces the observed sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite well. Our results suggest that much of the pyrite is rapidly formed near the sediment–water interface, and its δ34S is not as influenced by the 34S-enriched pool of aqueous sulfide in the deeper part of the sediment, allowing 32S-enriched pyrite to be preserved in deeper sediments. This near-surface diagenesis and the associated isotopic pattern are possibly of relevance for many marine sediments with high organic matter content, and high aqueous sulfide but low reactive iron availability. Moreover, our sulfur isotopic data demonstrate that extremely slow pyritization is ongoing in the deep lacustrine clay sediments. These results have implications for the interpretation of sulfur–iron geochemical data in both modern and ancient settings as well as for improving reconstructions of ancient depositional environments and a better understanding of the marine sulfur cycle throughout Earth’s history

Functional Characterization of Rare RAB12 Variants and Their Role in Musician's and Other Dystonias

Mutations in RAB (member of the Ras superfamily) genes are increasingly recognized as cause of a variety of disorders including neurological conditions. While musician's dystonia (MD) and writer's dystonia (WD) are task-specific movement disorders, other dystonias persistently affect postures as in cervical dystonia. Little is known about the underlying etiology. Next-generation sequencing revealed a rare missense variant (c.586A> G; p.Ile196Val) in RAB12 in two of three MD/WD families. Next, we tested 916 additional dystonia patients; 512 Parkinson's disease patients; and 461 healthy controls for RAB12 variants and identified 10 additional carriers of rare missense changes among dystonia patients (1.1%) but only one carrier in non-dystonic individuals (0.1%; p = 0.005). The detected variants among index patients comprised p.Ile196Val (n = 6); p.Ala174Thr (n = 3); p.Gly13Asp; p.Ala148Thr; and p.Arg181Gln in patients with MD; cervical dystonia; or WD. Two relatives of MD patients with WD also carried p.Ile196Val. The two variants identified in MD patients (p.Ile196Val; p.Gly13Asp) were characterized on endogenous levels in patient-derived fibroblasts and in two RAB12-overexpressing cell models. The ability to hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP), so called GTPase activity, was increased in mutants compared to wildtype. Furthermore, subcellular distribution of RAB12 in mutants was altered in fibroblasts. Soluble Transferrin receptor 1 levels were reduced in the blood of all three tested p.Ile196Val carriers. In conclusion, we demonstrate an enrichment of missense changes among dystonia patients. Functional characterization revealed altered enzyme activity and lysosomal distribution in mutants suggesting a contribution of RAB12 variants to MD and other dystonias

Giovanni Boccaccio. Italienisch-deutscher Kulturtransfer von der Frühen Neuzeit bis zur Gegenwart

Italien und Deutschland – kaum zwei andere Kulturen in Europa sind so stark miteinander verbunden wie diese beiden, sei es geschichtlich oder kulturell. Am wirkmächtigsten war sicherlich die Übernahme des Gedankenguts der italienischen Renaissance, in deren Folge Wissen aus gesellschaftlichen, wissenschaftlichen und kulturellen Bereichen den Weg nach Deutschland fand, darunter auch die Kenntnis von Giovanni Boccaccios Werken, die sich auf deutschsprachige Kontexte auswirkten. Der vorliegende Tagungsband versammelt die Beiträge zur gleichnamigen Tagung „Giovanni Boccaccio. Italienisch-deutscher Kulturtransfer von der Frühen Neuzeit bis zur Gegenwart“ (Bamberg, 21. bis 23. November 2013), die sich mit vielfältigen Aspekten der Boccaccio-Rezeption auseinandersetzen

Tutto è niente - niente è tutto. L'amore dei trovatori e dei "Minnesänger"

Tutto è niente - niente è tutto. L'amore dei trovatori e dei "Minnesänger