Hand, foot and mouth disease: a short case report

Hand, foot and mouth disease, that was once considered a disease of cattle, has been emerging as a common human childhood disease in the last few years. It is a viral disease characterized by a brief febrile illness and typical vesicular rashes. In rare cases, patients may also develop neurological complications. This report describes a case of hand, foot and mouth disease, presented with typical clinical features in the South Indian region

Alternating and symmetric actions on surfaces

Let $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$ be the mapping class group of the closed orientable surface of genus $g \geq 2$. In this article, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions under which two torsion elements in $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$ will have conjugates that generate a finite symmetric or an alternating subgroup of $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$. Furthermore, we characterize when an involution would lift under the branched cover induced by an alternating action on $S_g$. Moreover, up to conjugacy, we derive conditions under which a given periodic mapping class is contained in a symmetric or an alternating subgroup of $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$. In particular, we show that symmetric or alternating subgroups can not contain irreducible mapping classes and hyperelliptic involutions. Finally, we classify the symmetric and alternating actions on $S_{10}$ and $S_{11}$ up to a certain equivalence we call weak conjugacy

Hypervascular neurofibromas in a case of neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is one of the most frequently inherited diseases affecting 1:3500 newborn. The diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis type 1 is not dilemmatic because of typical clinical features. The key feature of Neurofibromatosis type 1, neurofibromas, are complex tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheaths. Neurofibromas may be focal growths or can extend along the length of a nerve, involving several fascicles and including nerve branches. Neurofibromas sometimes exhibit hypervascular characteristics. Few reports suggest the bleeding tendency observed in neurofibroma, although not common, occasionally causes a large amount of bleeding during surgical intervention. Hypervascular characteristics of these tumors may be a confusing factor for the diagnostician. This report describes the case of Neurofibromatosis type 1 presented with neurofibroma exhibiting hypervascular characteristics and emphasizes the importance of necessary investigations prior to sur gical procedure

Mejora de los niveles de conciencia y salud periodontal entre pacientes sometidos a terapia con aparatos de ortodoncia fijos con gingivitis establecida y programa de mantenimiento de la salud periodontal: Un estudio basado en cuestionarios.

Objetive: Home oral care practices in patients undergoing orthodontic therapy are often ineffective in maintaining optimal plaque control. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of periodontal maintenance program in subjects with established gingivitis undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy for one year. Material and Methods: Forty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with established chronic gingivitis were recruited for the study. As a part of a periodontal maintenance program, a pre-validated structured questionnaire evaluating oral hygiene and periodontal health was administered at the baseline as well as at the end of the study. At the baseline Gingival Bleeding Index, Gingival Index, and Bonded Bracket Plaque Index scores were recorded, Scaling and polishing procedure was performed followed by a customised Oral Hygiene Advice (OHA) session was conducted for all the study subjects. Clinical indices were assessed and OHA was conducted at the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months of orthodontic treatment visits. Results: There was significant improvement in the clinical indices and awareness regarding oral hygiene and periodontal health level in the patients at the end of the 12th month. Conclusion: The periodontal maintenance program appeared to be effective in improving the periodontal health and awareness health awareness level about oral hygiene among patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy at the end of 12 months in our study population.Objetivo: Las prácticas de cuidado bucal en el hogar en pacientes sometidos a terapia de ortodoncia suelen ser ineficaces para mantener un control óptimo de la placa. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la efectividad del programa de mantenimiento periodontal en sujetos con gingivitis establecida sometidos a terapia con aparatos de ortodoncia fijos durante un año. Material y Métodos: Se reclutó para el estudio a 40 pacientes sometidos a terapia con aparatos de ortodoncia fijos y con gingivitis crónica establecida. Como parte de un programa de mantenimiento periodontal, se administró un cuestionario estructurado pre-validado que evaluaba la higiene bucal y la salud periodontal al inicio y al final del estudio. En la línea de base, se registraron las puntuaciones del índice de sangrado gingival, el índice gingival y el índice de placa de soporte adherido, se realizó el procedimiento de raspado y pulido seguido de una sesión personalizada de consejos de higiene oral (CHO) para todos los sujetos del estudio. Se evaluaron los índices clínicos y se llevó a cabo la CHO a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses durante las visitas de tratamiento de ortodoncia. Resultados: Hubo una mejora significativa en los índices clínicos y la conciencia sobre la higiene oral y el nivel de salud periodontal en los pacientes al final del 12º mes. Conclusión: El programa de mantenimiento periodontal pareció ser eficaz para mejorar la salud periodontal y el nivel de conciencia de la salud sobre la higiene bucal entre los pacientes sometidos a terapia de ortodoncia fija al final de los 12 meses en nuestra población de estudio

Team strategy for hardware development

Five founding members of the former Samsung Austin Research Center (SARC) will share their thoughts on how to build a high performance team, how industry is different from the academic experience, how things are different at this point in their careers versus when they got started. They will share how they achieved international successes and what is takes to deliver a real project. This team delivered the processor that went into Samsung smart phones, M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5

Deep Ear Biometrics for Gender Classification

Human gender classification based on biometric features is a major concern for computer vision due to its vast variety of applications. The human ear is popular among researchers as a soft biometric trait, because it is less affected by age or changing circumstances, and is non-intrusive. In this study, we have developed a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model for automatic gender classification using the samples of ear images. The performance is evaluated using four cutting-edge pre-trained CNN models. In terms of trainable parameters, the proposed technique requires significantly less computational complexity. The proposed model has achieved 93% accuracy on the EarVN1.0 ear dataset.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

A Comparative Study on Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Psychological Wellbeing Among Orphan and Non-Orphan Adolescents

Background: Orphans, other vulnerable children, and adolescents living in institutions are more susceptible to developing behavioral and emotional problems because they lack the love and care of a family. The current study intends to investigate stress, anxiety, and depression in orphans living in the chosen orphanages in Mysuru, Karnataka. Methodology: Descriptive research methods were implemented in this research. A total of 200 adolescents made up the representative sample, including 100 orphans and 100 non-orphans. The data were taken from numerous orphanages and schools located in the city of Mysore. The samples were chosen using purposive sampling techniques. The level of depression, anxiety, and psychological well-being among orphans was examined using a standardized interview schedule. A structured interview schedule that includes socio-demographic factors, stress, depression, and anxiety as well as the Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire were the instruments used for data collection. The analysis of data was done using version SPSS, 24.00. Results: The majority of respondents (100%) belonged to 14-18 years of age, and most of the orphans had severe and extremely severe depression anxiety, and stress compared to non-orphans. And there is a significant difference between study variables among the orphan and non-orphan groups. Conclusion: While compared to non-orphans, orphan adolescents have a high level of Depression anxiety, and stress and a low level of psychological well-being. So, there is a need to provide intervention for orphans to improve their psychological well-being

Pattern of drug-induced bleeding in a tertiary care hospital

Background: It is a well-known fact that drug-induced bleeding causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Drugs that induce bleeding do so by affecting either anti-platelet Function and /or coagulation. By the frequency of their use, anti-platelet, a coagulant, thrombolytic and NSAIDs are the most commonly implicated drugs. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is commonest adverse drug reaction associated with hospital admission. Significant number of these could be prevented if simple guidelines are followed. Spontaneous cessation of bleeding occurs in as many as 85% of cases. Early intervention is required in those if bleeding does not stop spontaneously. Objective of the study was to determine the pattern of drug induced bleeding in tertiary care hospital setting.Methods: It was a hospital based observational study conducted during one year study dura on ((June 1, 2014 to May 31, 2015) amongst all adult patients admitted to the hospital with drug induced bleeding. Statistical analysis was done by frequency measurement for categorical variables. Chi- square test was used to determine associations. A p-value of<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: A total number of 110 cases with history of bleeding were enrolled. Commonest drug that caused bleeding was a platelet with 29 (26%) cases followed by combination of 2 or more drugs in 25 (23%) cases, then NSAIDs and anticoagulants in 24 (21%) and 23 (20%) cases respectively. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding was the commonest site of bleeding seen in 64 (58%) cases. The commonest drugs causing upper GI bleeding were NSAIDs seen in 24 (37.5%) cases followed by a platelet 22 (34.3%), combined drugs in 09 (14%) cases. (P<0.001) In overall severity most cases of drug induced bleeding had mild bleeding with 61 cases as compared to 38 cases of moderate and 11 cases of severe bleeding. There were significantly higher proportion of mild and moderate bleeding in upper gastrointestinal bleed cases in comparison to other sites of drug induced bleeding in this study (p<0.01). 7 (6.4%) out of 110 patients died and 103 (93.6%) patients recovered and were discharged.Conclusions: Clinical management of bleeds requires careful assessment of the patient, haemodynamic stabilisation, discontinuation of the offending medication and, where appropriate, reversal of the haemorrhagic effects and specific therapies such as endoscopic haemostatic therapy

Clinical profile of neurological gait ataxia: a hospital based study

Background: Gait disorders are major causes of functional impairment and morbidity especially in the elderly. Most gait disorders in older person are multifactorial, including neurological and non -neurological components. The aim of the study was to determine different neurological causes of gait disorders in elderly as well as in young adults.Methods: A total of 155 patients with gait ataxia were included and studied for demographic profile, clinical features, mode of presentation and aetiology of neurological gait ataxia.Results: Of the 155 patients enrolled in the study for gait disability, the most common cause of gait disability was cerebrovascular accidents 48 (31%) followed by lower motor neuron (LMN) paraparesis20 (12.9%), compressive myelopathy 17 (11%) and infectious causes were reported in 13 (8.4%) patients. Other causes were non-compressive myelopathy 8 (5.2%), Parkinsonism 8 (5.2%), degenerative diseases 6 (3.9%), diabetic amyotrophy 5 (3.2%), sensory neuropathy, hydrocephalus, myopathy and space occupying lesions in 4 (2.6%) patients each.Conclusions: The two most common causes of gait instability in Sub-Himalayan region are cerebrovascular accidents and LMN paraparesis. The LMN parapersis is associated with significant falls