Design of Low Cost Multi Channel Data Acquisition System for Meteorological Application

The primary objective of the present work is to design a low cost multichannel data acquisition system which can be used for meteorological application. The proposed multi channel data acquisition system acquires ambient temperature, barometric pressure, altitude, hu- midity and light intensity data from environment and stores the data for future use. The sensors are connected with a low cost microcontroller (ATmega328) unit which performs the data acquisition and data logging operation. A real time clock is used to keep current time with the measurement. Different communication interfaces such as serial communication, wireless communication and ethernet communication are used in the data acquisition system. In serial communication, the sensor data are logged in COM port of PC. LabVIEW based application is developed which provides graphical user interface for the user. VISA protocol is used to communicate the COM port data with LabVIEW. Other communication protocol such as wireless communication and ethernet communication protocol is used to transmit the sensor data over a communication channel. In ethernet communication, the data is uploaded in ethernet which can be viewed using a web browser. In wireless communication Xbee transmitter and Xbee receiver modules are used to transmit data over a longer distance. The salient features of this developed system is that the system is low cost, uses open source softwares like arduino and python and the system is economical (i.e INR 6500). This developed system performs satisfactorily under different condition. The system is tested for 24 hour in April 2015 and provides satisfactory results

STUDIES ON BAIT PREFERENCE AND ACCEPTANCE OF FLOCOUMAFEN IN \u3ci\u3eRattus rattus\u3c/i\u3e INFESTING POULTRY FARMS AND GODOWNS

The black rat (Rattus rattus) has global distribution with 570 forms (Walker 1940). However, in India it is represented by 16 sub-species (Biswas and Tiwari 1969) with R.r. rufescens as most common commensal rodent (Barnett and Prakash 1975). It distinctly occupies rural and urban areas in Rajasthan. Besides infesting human dwellings rats occupy poultry farms, godowns, shops, flour mills, etc. With increase in poultry farming the rat problem has become critical and so is the fate of farm produce being stored at farmers’ godowns which are small, non-scientifically constructed and nonrodent proof. Often it is recommended that poultry feed may be used as baiting medium (Bhardwaj 1983) to contain rodent menace in poultry farms. Poultry raisers often reported that desired results are not obtained if poultry feed is used as bait. Therefore, it is thought pertinent to investigate under laboratory conditions as to how black rats behave when; 1) these are directly exposed to selected cereal baits and poultry feed, 2) selected baits with additives like vegetable oils, sugar and salt, 3) to see efficacy of 0.005 percent flocoumafen in most preferred baits

Associations Between Child Maltreatment Intake Call Rates and COVID-19 Vaccinations and Outcomes in Georgia

Child maltreatment (CM) is a significant public health problem. Parents, the primary perpetrators of CM may experience several risk factors and may engage in high-risk behaviors increasing likelihood of CM. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on health behaviors, such as vaccination uptake, among this at-risk population. This study explores the relationships between child maltreatment intake call rates from 2019-2022 and COVID-19 vaccination, infection, and mortality rates by county in the state of Georgia. Child maltreatment intake call data were obtained from the Division of Family and Children Services (DFCS) for each year from 2019-2022. Independent linear regression models were conducted to model the associations between intake calls and cumulative vaccination, morbidity, and mortality rates. 2019-2022 COVID-19 data were obtained from the Georgia Department of Public Health. County child maltreatment intake call rates were arranged by quartiles. Using 2019 data, unadjusted models indicated a 21% predicted lower COVID-19 vaccination rate (p\u3c .001), 6% higher infection rate (p\u3c .001), and 81% higher COVID-19 mortality rate (p\u3c .001) in counties with the highest quartiles of CM relative to the lowest. Upon adjusting for % Black, % Female, % rural, high school graduation, unemployment, median household income, and poor mental and physical health days, there was an 8% (p\u3c.001) lower vaccination rate, 16% (p\u3c.001) higher infection rate, and 16% (p\u3c .001) higher mortality rate. Analyses for 2020-21 data are in process and will be discussed. Interim findings suggest significant associations between intake calls with predictive lower vaccination rates, and higher morbidity and mortality rates in 2019 at the pandemic onset. Similar results are anticipated for 2020-2022 data. These novel results may have direct implications for related health outcomes among parents and youth. Implications for evidence-based parenting programs and future directions will be discussed

FEMININITY IN FARMING SYSTEM ANALYSISvailable

Not AvailableThe present study has been conducted to identify the sensitivity in the pre-dominant farming systems of Western plain zone of Uttar Pradesh (WPZ) considering the importance of gender specific technologies much needed for better efficiency and productivity of farming systems. Four pre-dominant farming systems have been identified in WPZ of Uttar Pradesh with the highest area share (57.1%) and highest farmer distribution (62.9%) in FS1: Crop + Dairy (1C+1-2B). The highest net return was found in FS2: Crop + Horticulture (Fruits) + Dairy (2C+ 1-2 B), whereas the lowest net return was noticed in FS3: Crop + Horticulture (Vegetables) + Dairy (1C + 1B). Load carrying through head load was found extensively performed by the women of FS3 followed by FS4: Horticulture + Crop + Dairy (1C+1B) and FS2 respectively. Chopper (hand tool) for chaff cutting, winnowing through natural wind, power operated winnowing without safety gadgets was performed in FS4 (33%), FS3 (22.8%) and FS4 (17%) respectively by family female workers. Threshing through hand beating was maximally performed by FS2 (81%) as hired female labour. Work involvement in farming system studies shows that female workers (family and hired) of FS3 contributed maximum (44.7%) followed by FS1 (41.5%). Also, the women participation index on drudgery prone activities was found highest amongst female workers (family and hired) of FS3 (87.8%) followed by FS1 (83.21%). The results indicate that FS3 may be tagged as sensitive farming system with respect to maximum number of female headed households contributing maximum work and hardships followed by FS1.Not Availabl

Role of genioplasties in various chin deformities

Aim and Objectives: The goal of surgical-orthodontic treatment of chin deformities is to achieve maximum function, esthetics, and stability. The objective of our study is to evaluate the role of genioplasties in various chin deformities. Materials and Methods: Twelve adult patients who manifested various types of chin deformities were treated. In eight patients, advanced genioplasty alone or in combination with other surgical procedures such as premaxillary osteotomy, gap arthroplasty, bilateral vertical ramus osteotomy, and advancing and sliding genioplasty was performed. Four patients were treated by reduction genioplasty alone or in combination with vertical ramus osteotomy. Results: Results were more predictable and stable in case of chin advancement procedures as compared to reduction genioplasty. Conclusion: It was observed that the chin should not be completely denuded, muscular attachment on the lower part of the chin should always be maintained, if possible

Effect of aberrant promoter methylation of FHIT and RASSF1A genes on susceptibility to cervical cancer in a North Indian population

As current evidence suggests the involvement of epigenetic modification of tumour suppressor genes in human cancer, we investigated the aberrant promoter methylation of FHIT and RASSF1A genes in human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cervical cancer in Indian women. We analysed 60 cervical cancer tissue biopsies of different clinical stage and histological grading and 23 healthy control samples with normal cervical cytology. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was performed to analyse the methylation status of FHIT and RASSF1A genes and confirmed by sequencing. Both patients and controls were screened for HPV infection and 98% of the HPV-infected cases showed positivity for HPV type 16. Aberrant promoter methylation of the FHIT gene was found in 28.3% (17/60) of cases and of the RASSF1A gene in 35.0% (21/60) of cases; promoter methylation of both the genes was found in 13.3% (8/60) of cervical cancer cases. Methylation was significantly (p<0.01) associated with the cervical cancer cases compared with controls. None of the 23 controls was found to be methylated in either of these genes. This is the first study indicating a correlation between the promoter methylation of FHIT and RASSF1A genes and the clinical stage and histological grading of cervical carcinoma in Indian women. Future studies are underway to examine the practical implications of these findings for use as a biomarker