Women in Exile: A Study of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Bharati Mukherjee, and Anita Rau Badami

During the post-colonial period, literature has crossed the boundaries of nation, language, and culture. An important feature of the period is the emergence of woman writers. Significant space has been created for women to discuss their peculiar problems and issues. The social, cultural, and literary definitions accumulated over the past by the patriarchal tradition were redefined from alternate and, especially, from feminist or womanist points of view. With more and more women taking part in the public life and the steady increase in the number of independent women, there is a significant rise in women’s writings across the globe.The paper entitled “Transnationalism and Women: A Study of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Bharati Mukherjee, and Anita Rau Badami” discusses how three prominent woman writers of the Diaspora deal with problems of the transnational women

Detection of antibacterial activity of karuncheerakam (nigella sativa) oil against gram positive cocci isolated from veterinary clinical specimens

Gram positive cocci are ubiquitous microorganisms important in human and animal infections. The use of antibiotics to treat these infections is limited because of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can be transferred to man and should adapt to withdrawal period in order to minimize antibiotic residue. Therefore, many research studies are being carried out to find non-antibiotic approaches in order to reduce the use of antibiotics. In the traditional veterinary medicine, medicinal herbs are used to treat animal diseases. This is believed to be natural and safe therapeutic methods. In this in-vioo study, the Karuncheerakam (Nigella sativa) oil was examined for its antibacterial activity against the most common Gram positive bacteria, in order to develop an herbal remedy as a substitute for antibiotics. In this study, 84 Staphylococci organisms and 52 Streptococci organisms isolated from 100 veterinary clinical specimens were investigated. The disc-diffusion assay was used to detect the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial effect of this oil was very impressive as evidenced by the inhibition zone sizes obtained and all the isolated organisms tested were susceptible. In conclusion, the antibacterial activity of this oil on Gram positive bacteria was highly significant and this study suggests that Karuncheerakam oil can be used as an antibacterial agent targeting on Gram positive bacterial infection. However, this oil should be further examined through proper pharmacological and clinical investigations in order to be considered as a new alternative therapy for these infections

Effect of Urbanization on Flooding: Adyar River a Case Study

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Роль цифровизации в сельском банковском секторе в Мадурае, Индия

The Indian banking sector has reached greater heights in recent days because of adopting and involving in the Digitalisation of banking. Though India is moving forward with digitalisation process, our nation faces several setbacks and opposition, which has to be crossed specifically in the rural banking system. The current research work has attempted to examine these challenges and setbacks which are found commonly in rural banking digitalisation. This paper aims in analysing the impacts and influences of Digitalisation in rural banks of Madurai city, Tamil Nadu. Moreover, the study is surveying multiple influencing factors like literacy rate, education qualification, income quality, gender equality and socio-economic position. Finally, some suggestions and conceptions to increase the maximum reach of knowledge and importance regarding the Digitalisation of banks in rural regions are suggested to the government and banking sectors. Regional based loan schemes and mechanisms and procedures must be encouraged by banks. Income assessment, repayable capacity in the rural areas of Madurai has to be initiated. The study focuses on research-based on quantitative tools. The Study aims in explaining the various positive outcomes of bank digitalisation via digital banking and financial inclusion here in India. The present study provides the awareness of the digital world and the advantages of adopting them in rural India for various banking services. The paper concludes that there is a need for digital establishments and digital banking in most rural areas all over India.В последнее время индийский банковский сектор достиг больших высот, благодаря внедрению и участию в цифровизации банковского дела. Хотя Индия движется вперед в процессе цифровизации, она сталкивается с рядом трудностей и противодействий, которые необходимо преодолеть, в частности, в сельской банковской системе. В рамках проводимых в настоящее время исследований была предпринята попытка проанализировать эти проблемы и проблемы, которые обычно возникают в процессе оцифровывания банковских счетов в сельских районах. Целью исследования является определение проблем, возникающих при внедрении цифровизации в банках сельских регионов - на примере города Мадурай штата Тамилнад. В рамках исследования рассмотрены такие факторы влияния, как уровень грамотности населения, уровень образования, качество доходов, гендерное равенство и социально-экономическое положение. Авторы статьи выдвигают свои предложения и концепции для правительства и банковского сектора, направленные на повышение максимального уровня знаний и важности цифровизации банков в сельских районах. Банки должны поощрять региональные кредитные схемы, механизмы и процедуры. В сельских районах Мадураи должна быть начата оценка доходов и платежеспособности. Исследование проведено с использованием научно-исследовательских и количественных инструментов. Цель исследования заключается в разъяснении положительных результатов цифровизации банковского сектора через цифровой банкинг и финансовые услуги в Индии. Настоящее исследование позволяет узнать о цифровом мире и преимуществах внедрения различных банковских услуг в сельских районах Индии. В статье делается вывод о том, что в большинстве сельских районов Индии существует потребность в цифровых учреждениях и цифровых банках

Physics of Analytical Ferrography

This study is concerned with the development of basic equations which govern the process of particle deposition on an Analytical Ferrogram. The primary objective is to determine the reasons for the data scatter and the difficulty in calibration of the Ferrographic process. Based on the derived equations for particle deposition, a mathematical model to predict the area covered by the particles at any location on the slide is presented.Mechanical Engineerin

Preclinical and Clinical study on Vaayu Kunmam

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: AIM: The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the Siddha formulation “Vediyuppu Kattu” (Internal Medicine) in the treatment of “Vaayu Kunmam” (Gastritis). OBJECTIVES: 1. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the Siddha formulation “Vediyuppu Kattu” (Internal Medicine) in the treatment of “Vaayu Kunmam” (Gastritis). 2. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: • To evaluate the safety profile of the trial drug (Acute and Long term toxicity studies) to be carried out as per W.H.O guidelines 1993. • To conduct a clinical trial with a well defined proforma on the patients identified with “Vaayu Kunmam” • To screen the biochemical constituents of the trial drug “Vediyuppu Kattu”. • To study the influence of other co factors such as age, sex, dietary habits, family history, socio economic status, habitat etc on the disease. • To find out the side effects / adverse effects of the drug “Vediyuppu Kattu” if any. SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to evaluate the safty and efficacy of the drug Vediyuppu Kattu in the treatment of Vaayu Gunmam. • Before initiating the clinical trial, approval was got from the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee IAEC : 1248/ac/09/CPCSEA/4-06/2011 – 6 Dt. 20.12.2011and Institutional Ethical Committee IEC : NIS/IEC/2011/3/06 – Dt. 24.12.2011 for conducting the pre clinical studies and clinical studies respectively by submitting the well defined protocol and proforma. • The raw drugs were authenticated by the concerned department and the trial drug was prepared in the Gunapadam lab of National Institute of Siddha as per the Standard Operating Procedure mentioned in the protocol. • The medicine was then subjected to toxicity studies (Acute and long term toxicity studies) as per the protocol and the safety of the drug was ensured. • The qualitative and quantitative bio chemical studies were done at the bio chemistry lab of National Institute of Siddha. • SEM analysis and trace metals detection were done at Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, IIT, Chennai. • Among the 70 cases screened at the OPD of department of Maruthuvam NIS, 40 cases were recruited for the trial as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. • Clinical diagnosis of Vaayu Gunmam was made by Siddha and Modern methodology. • Before inducement into the trial informed consent was obtained from the patients. Out of the 40 cases 28 cases were treated in OPD and 12 cases in IPD. • A day before the trial drug administration, puragation was given to correct the elevated Vatha thathu and bring other two deranged thathus to equilibrium. The clinical trial was conducted with the trial medicine Vediyuppu Kattu 800 mg b.i.d with Thiri Kadugu Chooranam 400 mg internal, for a period of 48 days, referred under the Siddha literature Yaakoobu Vaidhiya Chinthamani 700 respectively. • Diet restriction was strictly followed during the period of drug administration. as per noted in the form IV E (Dietary advice form). • Required lab investigations were carried out before and after the treatment and the concerned data was recorded in the proforma. • Clinical assessment was done daily in all the IP patients and in OP patients it was assessed once in 7 days. During the study period, there was no event of any adverse reactions owing to the drug or disease. • In these studies out of 40 cases, 35 cases (87.5%) were found to be relieved from the clinical symptoms. In 3 cases (7.5%) the clinical symptoms were found to be reduced and no reduction was found in 2 cases (5%). • As per the Siddha Literature and modern science reviews and research articles, the ingredients of the trial drugs were found to have the property of controlling the disease Vaayu Gunmam. • Endoscopic evaluation of the patients before and after treatment shows the reduction of inflammation in the stomach. This showed the therapeutic effect of the drug in controlling the disease to a greater extent. • Statistical analysis showed significant reduction in symptoms and health assessment score assessed before and after the treatment (P< 0.010). Statistical analysis on lab parameters and toxicity studies also showed significant outcome. • Oral toxicity studies conducted ensured the safety usage of the drug to animals up to a maximum dose of 28.8 mg/animal for mice and 288mg/animal for wister rat. • Bio chemical analysis showed the presence of inevitable constituents like Calcium, Iron, Sulphate which plays a role in repairing and preventing the Gastric mucosal damage and inflammation in the disease. • The minimum particle size (0.5 - 2μ) unveiled in the (Particle Per Million size) PPM analysis shows the existence of the drug in micro particle size which contributes its therapeutic effect by the increased bio availability. CONCLUSION: The safety studies (the acute toxicity and long term toxicity) conducted revealed that the trial drug was safe even at higher dosage of 28.8 mg/animal for mice and 288mg/animal for wister rat. There were no abnormalities found in blood investigation and histopathological examination. Hence it can be reasonably assumed that the drug is safe for human. • Clinical study revealed the therapeutic efficacy of the trial drug by showing, complete relief in 87.5% (35) cases and reduction of symptoms in 3 (7.5%) cases out of 40 cases. • Improvement was noted in the Endoscopic evaluation of patients after the treatment when compared with before, revealing the control of the disease. • There were no adverse reactions observed during the trial. • Because of the encouraging clinical outcome, the study may be further carried out with the same drug in a large number of cases of Vaayu kunmam

Antimicrobial Activity of Aegle marmelos Against Pathogenic Organism Compared with Control Drug

The aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the leaves of Aegle marmelos traditionally used in Indian system of Medicines were screened against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis by using disc diffusion test technique. Bacillus subtilis exhibit about 22mm inhibition zone were considered resistant. The zone of inhibition of the extract was compared with the standard antibiotics such as Penicillin. The study suggests that the plant is promising development of phytomedicine for antimicrobial properties

Active Data Replication in Cloud to Enhance the Availability of Popular Facts

Data replication is a method to improve the performance of the data access in distributed systems. Dynamic replication is a replication that adapts replication configuration with the change of user behavior during the time to ensure the benefits of replication. Availability can be enhanced by replicating and maintaining popular data in various servers depending upon the access pattern of the end users. Finalizing the number of and location of replica servers has become a research dispute in the emerging cloud computing scenario. Since it was a constantly changing factor, an active replica management strategy is highly required that would scheme an appropriate quantity of copies to satisfy realistic system requirements and introducing replica servers within data nodes in a fair technique. It needs examining the relationship between replica count and method availability, appraising and recognizing popular data then initiate replica management process on reaching dynamic threshold limits. As a result of the proposed method, increase the availability, performance, reduce user waiting time and also reduce the execution time of the system