A clinical challenging situation of Intra oral fibroma mimicking pyogenic granuloma

A 45 year old female presented to the Department of Dentistry and Faciomaxillary Surgery complaining of difficulty in swallowing and tongue movements. General health examination revealed that the patient was conscious, oriented, a febrile and vitals were stable. Occlusion stable. Mouth opening was of three finger breadth. Lateral temporomandibular joint movements were satisfactory. On intra oral clinical examination, a pedunculated mass was observed palatally in relation to left maxillary molar teeth region, where a root stump was evident. Patient stated that the swelling has started as a pinpoint lesion before 1 year and progressed to the size of 5cm x 3cm as seen during clinical examination. The colour of the mass was of coral pink, smooth, nodular in some areas and symptomatic during contact between maxillary and mandibular teeth. Radiological investigations such as orthopantomograph and maxillary occlusal views revealed absence of bony involvement. To differentiate the clinical mimicking situation of intra oral fibroma and pyogenic granuloma, surgical excision was done followed by histopathological examination reporting as intra oral fibroma. Fibroma is of smooth surfaced painless solid mass, occasionally nodular, with collagen and connective tissue histopathologically. Whereas, pyogenic granuloma present as painless and smooth mass which bleeds on palpation clinically with histopathological picture of chronic inflammatory infiltrate, endothelial cell proliferation and hyperplastic granulation tissue. Postoperative review was after 1 month with good prognosis thereby facilitating efficient swallowing and tongue movements.Pan African Medical Journal 2015; 2

Free vibration of composite laminated rectangular plates under shear deformation theory

In this study, free vibration of anti-symmetric angle-ply, and cross-ply laminated rectangular plates under first order shear deformation theory using clamped boundary condition is analysed. Two different numerical methods called Splines approximation and Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) are considered to approximate the functions. The fundamental frequency for anti-symmetric angle-ply plates are analysed with respect to aspect ratio, length-to-thickness ratio, ply angles and number of layers with different type of material arrangements. The problem of free vibration of cross-ply laminated plates are analysed for frequency parameter with respect to length-to-thickness ratio, aspect ratio, and number of layer with different disposition of materials. For both of the problems, the equations of motion derived using Yang Nooris and Stavsky (YNS) theory and the solution is assumed in separable form to obtain a coupled differential equations in term of displacement and rotational functions. These functions are approximated using cubic Spline function for the first case and the differential equations are then approximated using RBF for the second case. Preliminary studies on anti-symmetric angle-ply laminated plates with higher order shear deformation theory under simply supported boundary condition are studied using Spline method. The free vibration of anti-symmetric angle-ply laminated plates are analysed, under third order shear deformation theory using spline approximation. The equations of motions are derived using Reddy theory with third order shear deformation theory and the solution is assumed in separable form to obtain a coupled differential equations. The displacement and rotational functions are approximated using cubic and quantic Splines. These procedures produce a set of ordinary differential equation, along with boundary condition equations and become a generalized eigenvalue problem. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved for the frequency parameter. The frequency parameter was analysed with respect to aspect ratio, length-to-thickness ratio, ply angles and number of layers with different type of material arrangements. The aim of this research is to provide the free vibration of layered plates for anti-symmetric angleply and cross-ply laminated plate with first order shear deformation theory with clamped boundary condition and identifies the difference between two different methods applied

A Computational Approach to Compare Information Revelation Policies

Revelation policies in an electronic marketplace differ in terms of the level of competitive information disseminated to participating sellers. Since sellers who repeatedly compete against one another learn based on the information revealed and alter their future bidding behavior, revelation policies affect welfare parameters—consumer surplus, producer surplus, and social welfare—of the market. Although different revelation policies are adopted in several traditional and Web-based marketplaces, prior work has not studied the implications of these policies on the performance of a market. In this paper, we study and compare a set of revelation policies using a computational marketplace. Specifically, we study this in the context of a reverse-market where each seller’s decision problem of choosing an optimal bid is modeled as an MDP (Markov decision process). Results and analysis presented in this paper are based on market sessions executed using the computational marketplace. The computational model, which employs a machine-learning technique proposed in this paper, ties the simulation results to the model developed using the game-theoretic models. In addition to this, the computational model allows us to relax assumptions of the game-theoretic models and study the problem under a more realistic scenario. Insights gained from this paper will be useful in guiding the buyer in choosing the appropriate policy

School inputs, household substitution, and test scores

Empirical studies of the relationship between school inputs and test scores typically do not account for the fact that households will respond to changes in school inputs. This paper presents a dynamic household optimization model relating test scores to school and household inputs, and tests its predictions in two very different low-income country settings -- Zambia and India. The authors measure household spending changes and student test score gains in response to unanticipated as well as anticipated changes in school funding. Consistent with the optimization model, they find in both settings that households offset anticipated grants more than unanticipated grants. They also find that unanticipated school grants lead to significant improvements in student test scores but anticipated grants have no impact on test scores. The results suggest that naïve estimates of public education spending on learning outcomes that do not account for optimal household responses are likely to be considerably biased if used to estimate parameters of an education production function.Tertiary Education,Education For All,Access to Finance,Teaching and Learning,Disability

Insights into Oropharyngeal Microbiota, Biofilms and Associated Diseases from Metagenomics and Transcriptomic Approaches

Oral cavity is an ecologically complex environment and hosts a diverse microbial community. Most of these organisms are commensals, however, on occasion, some have the potential to become pathogenic causing damage to the human host. Complex interactions between pathogenic bacteria, the microbiota, and the host can modify pathogen physiology and behavior. Most bacteria in the environment do not exist in free-living state but are found as complex matrix enclosed aggregates known as biofilms. There has been research interest in microbial biofilms because of their importance in industrial and biomedical settings. Bacteria respond to environmental cues to fine-tune the transition from planktonic growth to biofilm by directing gene expression changes favorable for sessile community establishment. Meta-approaches have been used to identify complex microbial associations within human oral cavity leading to important insights. Comparative gene expression analysis using deep sequencing of RNA and metagenomics studies done under varying conditions have been successfully used in understanding and identifying possible triggers of pathogenicity and biofilm formation in oral commensals

NOVASOME: A PIONEERING ADVANCEMENTIN VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY

Pharmaceutical research has developed various new types of innovative forms of drug delivery. Advancement in current drug delivery methods has led to the development of numerous new revolutionary technologies that support safe and efficient formulations over existing ones. Novasome technology is one of the latest liposome developments that have overcome many of the liposomal drug delivery system-related problems. This provides a seven bilayer membrane which is capable of absorbing water-soluble as well as insoluble drugs. The improved efficiency of entrapping drugs with good encapsulation features enables better frequency of dosing, which can be accomplished through the high shear system. These find their applications in diverse fields such as cosmetics, chemicals, personal care, food, pharmacy, and agrochemicals. Several products have already been launched into the market using this technology with an additional launch plan. Due to its depth of penetration, novasomes have been one of the most popular derma cosmetics. It is being studied continuously to obtain improved release characteristics. The prospect of drug delivery and targeting using novasomes is an important area of research and development. This review pinpoints the various aspect of the novasome and will be a milestone for the researchers in the area of drug delivery

School Inputs, Household Substitution, and Test Scores

Empirical studies of the relationship between school inputs and test scores typically do not account for the fact that households will respond to changes in school inputs. We present a dynamic household optimization model relating test scores to school and household inputs, and test its predictions in two very different low-income country settings – Zambia and India. We measure household spending changes and student test score gains in response to unanticipated as well as anticipated changes in school funding. Consistent with the optimization model, we find in both settings that households offset anticipated grants more than unanticipated grants. We also find that unanticipated school grants lead to significant improvements in student test scores but anticipated grants have no impact on test scores. Our results suggest that naïve estimates of public education spending on learning outcomes that do not account for optimal household responses are likely to be considerably biased if used to estimate parameters of an education production function.

Experimental investigation on split type window Air conditioner using HFC and HC mixture as ecofriendly refrigerant alternate to HCFC-22

This paper reports on an experimental study evaluating a window air conditioner's performance when R152a/R290/R600/R600a refrigerant mixture (by various mass percentages) is used as a possible alternative to R-22. Alternative refrigerants are local, cheap, and environmentally friendly. Unmodified R-22 window AC was charged with R152a/R290/R600/R600a. During the experiment, parameters such as coefficient of performance, refrigeration effect, pressure ratio, compressor discharge temperature, refrigerant mass flow rate, and compressor power are analyzed. The present work shows that R152a-15%/R290-15%/R600-35%/R600a-35% is the best-performing alternative refrigerant. Proposed blends and R22's performance were compared

RNA sequencing-based identification of candidate hypersensitive transcripts in Perna viridis

The Asian Green Lipped mussel, Perna viridis one of the widely distributed bivalves act as a source of low cost protein providing nutritious meal to the coastal population in the form of well balanced amino acids and micronutrients. The immune system produces antibodies to certain class of proteins present in shellfish meat thereby causing hypersensitive reactions in the body. The next generation integrated transcriptome sequencing approach identifies all the potential allergenic proteins expressed in an animal very effectively. The present study describes the transcriptome of P. viridis based on the sequence data generated using five tissues. Transcriptome level candidate allergens and epitopes were observed and identified that might play a role in hypersensitive reaction to shellfish proteins including certain novel candidate allergens like Ran protein and a filamin A like protein. The existence of epitope hotspots in an important protein, arginine kinase was also observed and the unigenes identified would be a valuable resource for conduct of functional studies

Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activities of novel N-substituted pyrazoline derivatives bearing 3-benzo[b]thiophene and 5-styryl substituents

The new series of N-substituted pyrazoline derivatives bearing benzo[b]thiophene and styryl with trifluoromethyl substitution at para- and meta- positions were synthesized. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by UV, IR, NMR, Mass and single crystal XRD (SCXRD) and had been screened for antioxidant activity. The in vitro antioxidant activities screening revealed that hydroxyl radical scavenging (HRS) activities of compounds 3c, 3f, 4a, 4e, 4f, 5c, 5d 5e and 5g are stronger than the other compounds and the compound 5g shows much better antioxidant activity