Women’s Opinion about Women’s Rights regarding Family Planning in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java in 2013

Background: Universal Declaration of Human Rights stated that all mankind have equal right and dignity. Both woman and man have rights regarding family planning. It is often assumed that in developing country, women do not consider their rights in family planning decision making process. This study was carried out to determine the opinion of women regarding women’s rights in family planning.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out to 99 respondents during the period of August to October 2013, in Hegarmanah village, Jatinangor subdistrict. The inclusion criteria were women aged 15–49 years old, able to speak Bahasa Indonesia, and agreed to participate. Variables for this study were the opinions of the respondents regarding woman’s rights in family planning which were represented in 12 questions. Collected data were presented as percentages shown in tables.Results: Most of the respondents stated that they had the rights in family planning decision making, including choosing contraceptive methods, number of children, and spacing of each child. However, all of  the respondents agreed that men should be involved in it. More than half of the respondents stated that they asked opinion from family member regarding family planning especially their mothers. Cultural norms did not influence the family planning decision making. However, religion influenced the family planning decision making.Conclusions: Majority of the women in Hegarmanah village have the role to make decision on family planning by considering the opinions of their spouses, other family members, friends and their religions. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.52

STRUCTURE OF FISH COMMUNITY AND REPRODUCTIYE BIOLOGY OF THREE INDIGENOUS SPECIES OF CYPRINIDS IN KEDUNGOMBO RESERVOIR

The study investigated the structure of fish community and the reproductive biology of three indigenous species of cyprinids, namely Puntius goninnofas (Bleeker), Puntius bramoid.es (Cuvier & Valenciennes) and Myetacoleucus marginatas (Cuvier & Valenciennes) in the Kedungombo Reservoir, Central Java

Impact of impaired renal function on gadolinium retention after administration of gadolinium-based contrast agents in a mouse model.

学位記番号：医博甲163

Women’s Opinion about Women’s Rights regarding Family Planning in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java in 2013

Background: Universal Declaration of Human Rights stated that all mankind have equal right and dignity. Both woman and man have rights regarding family planning. It is often assumed that in developing country, women do not consider their rights in family planning decision making process. This study was carried out to determine the opinion of women regarding women’s rights in family planning.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out to 99 respondents during the period of August to October 2013, in Hegarmanah village, Jatinangor subdistrict. The inclusion criteria were women aged 15–49 years old, able to speak Bahasa Indonesia, and agreed to participate. Variables for this study were the opinions of the respondents regarding woman’s rights in family planning which were represented in 12 questions. Collected data were presented as percentages shown in tables.Results: Most of the respondents stated that they had the rights in family planning decision making, including choosing contraceptive methods, number of children, and spacing of each child. However, all of  the respondents agreed that men should be involved in it. More than half of the respondents stated that they asked opinion from family member regarding family planning especially their mothers. Cultural norms did not influence the family planning decision making. However, religion influenced the family planning decision making.Conclusions: Majority of the women in Hegarmanah village have the role to make decision on family planning by considering the opinions of their spouses, other family members, friends and their religions. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.52

PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA IKAN BILIH (Mystacoleucus padangensis) INTRODUKSI DI DANAU TOBA, SUMATERA UTARA

Spesies endemik Danau Singkarak, ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) 2.840 ekor ukuran panjang total 4,1-5,7cm dengan bobot 0,9-1,5 g per ekor diintroduksikan ke Danau Toba (112.000 ha) pada tanggal 3 Januari 2003. Ikan bilih tumbuh pesat dan memijah di muara-muara sungai yang masuk danau. Pada tahun 2005, hasil tangkapan ikan bilih mencapai 653,6 ton (14% dari total hasil tangkapan) dan pada tahun 2008 diperkirakan meningkat menjadi 1.755ton. Untuk meningkatkan hasil tangkapan ikan bilih secara optimal dan lestari diperlukan cara pengelolaan yang meliputi penetapan suaka perikanan, pengaturan alat tangkap, penanganan hasil tangkapan, pengembangan kelembagaan dan peraturan pengelolaan, pengembangan pengelolaan secara bersama, dan monitoring serta evaluasi. Ikan bilih dapat dijadikan kandidat ikan tebaran untuk danau-danau yang memiliki karakteristik limnologi yang serupadengan Danau Toba atau Singkarak dan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kehatihatian.An endemic species of Singkarak Lake, bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) of 2,840 fingerlings having 4.1-5.7 cm in total length and 0.9-1.5 g in weight, were introduced to Toba Lake (112,000 ha) at 3 January 2003. The fish grew fast and spawned in the bank of rivers entering the lake. In 2005, the fish could be yielded at 653,6 ton (14% of the total fish catch) and in 2008 it was estimated to be 1.755 ton. To increase the the fish yield optimally and sustainably, some managementmeasures of the resources should be applied i.e., establishment of the bilih reserve area, regulation of fishing gears, development of fish product diversification, development of management institution and fisheries regulation, development of comanagement, and monitoring and evaluation. The bilih can be promoted as a candidate of fish introduction for other lakes having similar limnological characteristics with Toba Lake as well as Singkarak. Even thought the bilih introduction should be done with a precautionary approach

LAJU PERTUMBUHAN, MORTALITAS, REKRUTMEN, EKSPLOITASI STOK IKAN, DOMINAN, DAN TOTAL HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN DI DANAU TONDANO, SULAWESI UTARA

Danau Tondano dengan luas 4.700 ha merupakan perairan dengan tingkat kesuburan tinggi sehingga potensial untuk pengembangan perikanan tangkap Penelitian pengkajian stok ikan dominan yakni ikan payangka (Ophiocara porocephala), mujair (Oreochromis mossambicirs), dan gabus (Channa striata) telah dilakukan dari bulan Juni 1997 sampai dengan Maret 1998. Survai perikanan dilakukan untuk mencatat data frekuensi panjang ikan, jumlah hasil tangkapan, jenis alat tangkap, dan jumlah nelayan

FISHERY RESOURCES AND ECOLOGY OF TOBA LAKE

Investigatiorr of stock and distribution of fishery resources was done in Toba Lake in October 2005, at the time when the wet season prevailed, using acoustic method. Split-beam echosounder SIMRAD Ey-60 operated at frequency ol iZO KHz and 0.512 ms pulse duration was used

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF DIFFUSE BONE MARROW UPTAKE ON 18F-FDG PET/ CT

Background: Bone marrow is a frequent site of metastatic tumors, especially from breast, lung, and prostate cancers.  Metastatic tumor in the bone marrow may influence the response to treatment, overall survival, and resulting decreased hematopoiesis. Diffusely and homogenously bone marrow uptake in 18F-FDG PET/CT scan is frequently observed which can caused by many conditions. Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the consecutive records of F-18 FDG PET scans performed from April 2011 to August 2013 at Mochtar Riady Comprehensive Cancer Center Siloam Hospital, A total of 2952 result were reviewed. 16 patients with diffusely and homogenously bone marrow uptake in F-18 FDG PET/CT whole body scan between January 2012 and December 2013 were evaluated to find out the etiology. Results: From 2952 patients performed 18F-FDG-PET/CT there are 16 patients (5 men, 11 women) with diffusely and homogenously increased FDG uptake in bone marrow, mean age: 52 years, range 5 - 82 years. It was found that 6 of 16 FDG PET/ CT positive patient with solid tumors and 10 of 16 FDG PET/CT with non solid tumors.  Malignancy was observed in 14 patients and benign in 2 patients. Diffusely and homogenously uptake due to 1 patiets with Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) , 6 patient with anaemia, 7 patients with chemotherapy, 1 patients with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and 1 patients with extra-nodal non-hodgkin lymphoma were observed. Conclusion: Diffusely and homogenously increase bone marrow on 18F FDG PET/ CT whole body scan uptake can be seen in malignant or benign disease and history of treatment. Spleen uptake are observed at the initial imaging than bone marrow involvement while spleen uptake more frequently reflects disease involvement

KAJIAN BENTUK ARSITEKTUR SHOPHOUSE SEBAGAI HASIL ADAPTASI BUDAYA IMIGRAN TIONGHOA DI KOTA BANDUNG

Shophouse adalah jenis bangunan “mixed-use” yang terdiri atas ruang hunian dan retail dalam satu struktur. Karena memiliki integrasi fungsi antara rumah dan toko, maka di Indonesia shophouse lebih dikenal dengan sebutan rumah toko (ruko). Tipe bangunan ini merupakan tipe bangunan hunian yang dibawa dan dikembangkan oleh imigran Tionghoa yang tersebar di Asia Tenggara karena jalur perdagangan sutra maritim. Komunitas imigran Tionghoa yang kemudian menetap di kota-kota pesisir di Asia Tenggara ini menghasilkan tipe hunian yang khas yaitu tipe hunian shophouse. Bandung adalah salah satu kota yang juga terdapat komunitas imigran Tionghoa dan tipe bangunan shophouse, namun sedikit berbeda dari kota-kota lainnya. Daerah pecinan di kota Bandung terbentuk karena adanya peraturan pengelompokan masyarakat berdasarkan ras oleh pemerintahan Belanda, sedangkan arus datangnya imigran Tionghoa di Bandung terjadi di akhir pemerintahan Belanda sehingga komunitas imigran tionghoa di Bandung tidak tersentralisasi ketat pada daerah pecinan. Komunitas imigran Tionghoa di Bandung tinggal berdampingan dengan komunitas Pribumi sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya adaptasi budaya. Rapoport menjelaskan bahwa aspek sosio-kultur menjadi faktor utama yang menentukan bentuk rumah dari sebuah masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bentuk shophouse di kota Bandung yang dipengaruhi oleh adaptasi budaya oleh imigran Tionghoa untuk merespon kondisi sosial di kota Bandung. Manfaat dari penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang bagaimana bentuk rumah sangat dipengaruhi oleh aspek sosio-kultur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitan kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data purposeful sampling, yang kemudian akan dilakukan interpretasi data dan diskusi secara narasi. Keberagaman interface jalan di Bandung terlihat lebih radikal menunjukkan kondisi adaptasi budaya yang lebih kuat terjadi di Bandung. Adaptasi budaya yang terjadi di Bandung ini melemahkan eksklusifitas warga imigran Tionghoa yang berdampak pada melemahnya identitas arsitektur Cina pada shophouse