Response of Planting Medium Compotition and Watering Interval to Growth of Green Deli Rose Apple Seedling (Sygizium Samarangense)

The purpose of this research is to deferinte the response of planting medium compotition and watering interval to growth of Green Deli Rose Apple hijau seedling (Sygizium samarangense). The study was conducted at green house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan with the altitude 25 m above sea level, from July to October 2014. This research was used split plot design with two treatments, watering interval as the main plot treatment with 3 category: I1 (one day watering interval), I2 (three days watering interval), I3 (five days watering interval) with compotition of planting medium as subplot with 4 category : M1 (subsoil), M2 (subsoil+charcoal (2:1), M3 (subsoil+charcoal (1:1), M4 (subsoil+charcoal (1:2) with 3 replication. The result showed the treatment of planting media compotition has asignificant to increasing of : stem diameter and root volume and watering interval has a significantly affected to increasing of seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root volume, number of root and number of primer branch. The interaction has a significantly affect to increasing of root volume parameter

The Role of Ascitic Paracentesis in Liver Cirrhosis in Improving the Function and Structure of the Heart

Background: Heart abnormalities in cirrhotic patients have been known for five decades, with atria and ventricular dilatation. Pozzi et al reported that in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites, the diastolic function was lower than control. Ascitic paracentesis improved diastolic function. The diameter of both atria was larger in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites. The diastolic diameter of left ventricle did not differ significantly in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites compared to control, but there was an increase after paracentesis. Ejection fraction was lower in cirrhotic and increased after ascitic parancentesis although the increase was not significant. The aim of the Study: To compare the function and structure of the heart before and after ascitic paracentesis in cirrhotic patients. Methods: This study took place from February 2000 to April 2001 in dr. Pringadi Hospital/H.Adam Malik Hospital. There were 18 samples (12 men and 6 women), 15 of which were cirrhotic patients with tense ascites and 3 cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. The mean age was 51,8 + 8,28 years, the youngest being 29 years and the oldest 65 years. The mean ascitic fluid removed by paracentesis was 7,20 liters with a range of 5 to 9 liters. Immediately following paracentesis, Dextran 40 % was administered at a dose of 8g/ 1L ascitic fluid aspirated. Results: The diameter of the four heart chambers decreased after paracentesis, but the decrease was not statistically significant. There was increase in E/A ratio after ascitic paracentesis, from 0,93 + 0,370 to 1,06 + 0,383 (significant, p<0,05), meaning that there was an improvement in diastolic function after ascitic paracentesis. There was also an increase in ejection fraction from 68,99 + 13,26 % to 72,10 + 11,10 %, but this was not significant (p>0,05). Conclusion: After paracentesis, there was a significant improvement in diastolic function while the diameter of the four heart chambers decreased and the ejection fraction increased insignificantly

Subvalvular aortic stenosis associated with dynamic outflow tract obstruction: A case report

Hemodynamic and angiographic findings are described in a 27-year-old patient, who had undergone surgical operation for subvalvular membranous aortic stenosis. Left ventriculography revealed persistence or regrowth of the subvalvular fibrous ring, and hemodynamic data revealed associated dynamic obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract. The authors emphasize the importance of uncovering associated dynamic obstruction by provocative maneuvers and use of Beta blockers

SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and immunity: a hospital-based study from Malawi

Background: COVID-19 transmission and disease dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa are not well understood. Our study aims to provide insight into COVID-19 epidemiology in Malawi by estimating SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a hospital-based setting. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based, convenience sampling, cross-sectional survey for SARS-CoV-2 in Lilongwe, Malawi. Participants answered a questionnaire and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) was performed in seropositive samples to estimate immunity. Poisson regression was used to assess SARS-CoV-2 point prevalence association with demographic and behavioral variables. Findings: The study included 930 participants. We found a combined point prevalence of 10.1%. Separately analyzed, RT-PCR positivity was 2.0%, and seropositivity was 9.3%. Of tested seropositive samples, 90.1% were sVNT positive. We found a high rate (45.7%) of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 point prevalence was significantly associated with being a healthcare worker. Interpretation: Our study suggests that official data underestimate COVID-19 transmission. Using sVNTs to estimate immunity in Malawi is feasible and revealed considerable post-infection immunity in our cohort. Subclinical infection and transmission are probably a game-changer in surveillance, mitigation and vaccination strategies.Peer Reviewe

Novel Transversity Properties in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering

The $T$-odd distribution functions contributing to transversity properties of the nucleon and their role in fueling nontrivial contributions to azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering are investigated. We use a dynamical model to evaluate these quantities in terms of HERMES kinematics.Comment: 5 pages revtex; 5 eps figures. References added. To appear as a Rapid Communication in Physical Review

A mechanism for the T-odd pion fragmentation function

We consider a simple rescattering mechanism to calculate a leading twist $T$-odd pion fragmentation function, a favored candidate for filtering the transversity properties of the nucleon. We evaluate the single spin azimuthal asymmetry for a transversely polarized target in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (for HERMES kinematics). Additionally, we calculate the double $T$-odd $\cos2\phi$ asymmetry in this framework.Comment: 6 pages revtex, 7 eps figures, references added and updated in this published versio

Increasing incidence of HIV‐ associated tuberculosis in Romanian injecting drug users

Background: A high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) among HIV‐positive injecting drug users (IDUs) may fuel the TB epidemic in the general population of Romania. We determined the frequency and characteristics of TB in HIV‐infected IDUs referred to a national centre. / Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of all newly‐diagnosed HIV‐positive IDUs admitted to Victor Babes Hospital, Bucharest, between January 2009 and December 2014. Socio‐demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes of HIV/TB co‐infected IDUs were compared to HIV‐positive IDUs without TB. / Results: 170/598 (28.5%) HIV‐infected IDUs were diagnosed with TB. The prevalence increased from 12.5% in 2009 to 32.1% in 2014 (P < 0.001). HIV/TB co‐infected individuals had lower median CD4 cell counts 75 (vs. 450/mm3, P < 0.0001) and higher median HIV viral loads 5.6 log10 (vs. 4.9 log10, P < 0.0001) when presenting to healthcare services. 103/170 (60.6%) HIV/TB co‐infected IDUs were diagnosed with pulmonary TB. Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were common, with 18/105 (17.1%) of patients having Multi‐Drug Resistant (MDR) disease. Higher mortality rate was associated with TB co‐infection (P < 0.0001), extra‐pulmonary TB (P = 0.0026) and extensively drug resistant TB (P = 0.024). / Conclusions: Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing problem in HIV‐infected IDUs in Romania. Presentation is often with advanced HIV, significant TB drug resistance and consequent outcomes are poor