Gravity modeling approach for Indonesia’s exports with ten Asian countries

The main objective of this research is to study the opportunities and the constraints of Indonesian export sector to various countries in Asia using the Gravity Model approach. Annual panel data is used to estimate and evaluate the empirical results for the period 1987-2014. We examine the opportunities and the constraints of the Indonesia’s export flows between different locations from Indonesia to other Asian countries. The results showed that the market size, the investment level, the exchange rates and the inflation rate in trading partner countries can be considered the signals for an export opportunity for Indonesia. Geographical distance is a factor that has significant influence in Indonesia's trade with other Asian countries.peer-reviewe

Growth and Production of Lesser Duckweed (Lemna Minor) in Different Manure Solutions and Concentrations

This study was done at the glass house of University of Diponegoro, Semarang. The research was about investigating the performance of Lemna minor from Lemna spp. of Lemnaceae family when grown for 14 days under 3 different manure types and concentration levels. The beef cattle manure, chicken manure and dairy cattle manure were mixed with 30 liters tap water in a triplicate media concentration of 0g/l, 5g/l and 10 g/l. In addition to the manures 1 kg top soil was added in all experimental units and 20 g of Lemna minor was planted as the initial plant weight. The manure type and manure concentration level were arranged in a 3x3 factorial completely randomized design arrangement and mean comparisons was done with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results in ANOVA showed that there was significant interaction (F=6.31, p=.0023) as well as significant main effects (F=21.51, p=.0001; F=52.78, p=.001) for FY. For the GR the manure type x concentration level interaction was significant (F=6.30, p=.0024) and type of manure and level of concentration main effects were also significant (F=21.45, p=.0001; F=52.63, p=.0001). Significant interaction was also noticed for CPC (F=28, p=.0001) and significant main effects of manure and concentration (F=72.64, p=.0001; F=29.12, p=.0001). The average pH of the manure solutions before planting and after harvesting was 6.07 and 6.48 respectively. Prior to preparing the mediums duplicate samples of various manure as well as top soil were tested for Kjeldahl Nitrogen on dry matter basis

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Hijauan Gamal (Gliricidia Sepium) dengan Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Organik Cair

The study was conducted to determine the growth and production gamal using liquid organic fertilizer. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using a completely randomized design (CRD) and tested further if there is a difference between treatments. Treatment of different doses of liquid fertilizer, which is 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% with 5 replicates, 75cmx50cm spacing so that each plot consisted of 16 cuttings of the experiment, the number of 320 eksplant. Implementation of the research carried out for 4 months, with the first 2 months and 2 months uniformity next crop done taking data. Based on the results of this study concluded that liquid organic fertilizer doses on forage gamal low so that growth and high forage production was not achieved. A need to increase doses of more than 5% liquid organic fertilizer

Perbanyakan Vegetatif Cara Stek Desmodium Cinereum dan Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis L. dengan Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami dan Auksin Sintetis

The study was conducted with the aim to improve the success of plant cuttings D. cinereum and H. rosa sinensil L. comparing the level of efficiency The use of the natural growth hormone from urine and synthetic auxin. The treatments were allotted to completely randomized design with 2x4 factorial pattern and 3 replications in each treament. The first factor is the type of plant is D. cinereum and H. rosa sinensis L. and the second factor is the growth hormone treatments (0% urine, 25% urine, 50% of urine and 1% synthetic auxin). Parameters measured were growing power, shoot length, number of shoot, number og leaves, root length, number of roots, root dry matter and leaf dry matter. The results showed 25%, 50 % Provision of natural growth hormone of the urine does not give effect to growth even lower growth mainly on the plant D. cinereum. Giving 1% Synthetic Auxin give better effect to the Power grows, the plant D.cinereum and H.rosa sinensis L compared with 25% giving urine, 50% urine and Control

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Akibat Aplikasi Giberelin dan paclobutrazol di Dataran Medium

This study aims to examine the effect of growth and production of potato plants due to the application of gibberellins and paclobutrazol in medium land. This research was conducted in March 2022 – August 2022 in Kaloran District, Temanggung, Central Java. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 4x4 factorial pattern with 3 replications, so there were 48 experimental units. The first factor was the concentration of gibberellins, namely: G0 (0 ppm), G1 (50 ppm), G2 (75 ppm), and G3 (125 ppm). The second factor was the concentration of paclobutrazol, namely: P0 (0 ppm), P1 (75 ppm), P2 (150 ppm), and P3 (225 ppm). The results showed that there was no interaction effect between the application of gibberellin and paclobutrazol on the growth and production of potato plants. Gibberellin 50 ppm gave the best effect on germination age parameters. Gibberellin 75 ppm had the best effect on plant height. Paclobutrazol 75 ppm gave the best effect on plant height, number of leaves, and number of tubers. Paclobutrazol 150 ppm gave the best effect on tuber weight and harvest index parameters. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of gibberellins and paclobutrazol affected the growth and production of potato plants in medium land

Keberhasilan Stek Anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) pada Berbagai Macam Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami Dan Asal Bahan Stek

This research was conducted to determine the success of grape cuttings on various applications of natural growth regulators and cuttings type. The grafting operations were carried out on September 2022 – November 2022 at the greenhouse and Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Breeding, Diponegoro University.  Research was performed using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting two factors. The first factor was the various natural growth regulators applications namely shallots extract, coconut water, and cow urine and the second factor was the type of cuttings; sub apical and basal stem.  Stem from sub-apical and basal portions were treated with shallots extract, coconut water, and cow urine evenly by 3 hours dip method. Following this treatment the cuttings were maintained and the success of the grafting union were observed. The data showed that applications of natural growth regulator had a significant effects on the grape cuttings success parameters such as the timing of shoots emergence, root length, number of roots, number of shoots, fresh weight of roots, and dry weight of roots. The type of grape cuttings has no effect on the success parameters of grape cuttings except fresh and dry weight of roots. Based on this research basal type with the application of shallots extract was recommended to promote the success of grape cuttings.

Radiosensitivitas dan Pengaruh Radiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

This study aims to determine the radiosensitivity of tomato plants given by gamma ray radiation through the LD50 value, and to examine the effect of gamma ray irradiation dose on the growth and production characteristics of tomato plants. The research was carried out in March – August 2022 at the screenhouse and Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Breeding, Diponegoro University. The irradiation given at the National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a dose of gamma ray radiation as a treatment, namely: (G0) Control, (G1) 125 Gy, (G2) 250 Gy, (G3) 375 Gy, and (G4) 500 Gy and consisted of 5 replicates. The results showed that the LD50 value of tomatoes was 460,23 Gy. Gamma rays had a significant effect on the growth and production characteristics of tomatoes, such as plant height, flowering age, harvest age, number, and weight per plant, but had no effect on stem diameter characters.Keywords: Irradiation, LD50, Gamma-ray, Tomat

The Effects of Time of Scion Defoliation and BAP on the Successful Top Grafting of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.)

This study aimed to examine the effect of time scion defoliation before cut/being used and the addition of BAP on the success of durian top grafting. The research was carried out in November 2021 to February 2022 in Selopuro Village, Lasem District, Rembang Regency, Central Java. The research design used a 3x4 factorial design on the basis of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications. The first factor was the difference in time of scion defoliation such as, D0: scion defoliation on the day of grafting, D1: scion defoliation 3 days before grafting, D2: scion defoliation 6 days before grafting, D3: scion defoliation 9 days before grafting. The second factor was the concentrations of BAP such as, B0: (0 ppm), B1: (30 ppm), B2: (60 ppm). The data was analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and further test with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the level of five percent (5%). The results showed that the treatment for the scion defoliation 6 days before grafting gave the different results on the parameters of the number of buds, bud length, numbers of leaves, leaf length, and bud breakage time of top grafting durian. The addition of BAP did not affect the durian top grafting