Aperfeiçoamento de software como ferramenta de apoio à gestão local nas ações de saúde bucal para o PSE

Monitoring the actions of the School Health Program (PSE) at the local level is weakened by the lack of management tools that incorporate perspectives of integration, articulation and intersectoriality to assist in the supervision of activities. The objective was to improve software for oral health care management in the actions of the PSE. Intervention study with inductive approach and descriptive procedure. In the period from 2012 to 2016, the municipality of Caaporã was the scenario for the construction of the e-SaBE (oral health management in school) prototype through the javascript programming language using the Visual Studio 2014 tool, object oriented C # and framework .NET. For the construction of managerial practices he used the Process for Extensible Interactive Applications (PRAXIS), developed in four phases: design; elaboration; construction and evaluation of usability (Cognitive Path and Usability Test). In the period from 2016 to 2017, the executable pilot phase was reached and a simulation was generated with data obtained from the dental production of individual and collective attendance and with school information. Process analysis: time spent in meetings (h = 54; h = 32) and lists of adjustments (h = 78; h = 96) for the prototype and pilot executable, respectively. Main corrections between prototype transition and executable pilot: inconsistent field icons and labels, non-intuitive and clear steps for some tasks, non-informative feedback, and inappropriate terms. Product analysis: good - navigation interface, functionality and programming expression; acceptable - language and visual; bad - automatic graphics. The software issues specific reports with individualized data for consultation of the school history, individual and collective attendance, and coverage, access and diagnosis information through reports: CPO-D / ceo-d ratio; without the need for dental care; missed the appointment; relationship restoration by extraction; did not participate in the educational activity; relation sent by attended; dental treatment completed and / or monthly. It is concluded that the e-SaBE improvement process allowed the qualification of software that assists in the reorganization of PSE specifications and requirements, with functionality that interacts with the variety of interpretations of students' oral health conditions.O monitoramento das ações do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) no âmbito local é fragilizado pela falta de instrumentos de gestão que incorporem perspectivas de integração, articulação e intersetorialidade para auxiliar na supervisão das atividades. Objetivou-se aperfeiçoar um software destinado à gestão de atenção à saúde bucal nas ações do PSE. Estudo de intervenção com abordagem indutiva e procedimento descritivo. No período de 2012 a 2016, o município de Caaporã foi cenário para a construção do protótipo do e-SaBE (gestão da saúde bucal na escola) por meio da linguagem de programação javascript usando a ferramenta Visual Studio 2014, orientada a objetos C# e framework .NET. Para a construção das práticas gerenciais usou o Processo para Aplicativos Extensíveis Interativos (PRAXIS), desenvolvido em quatro fases: concepção; elaboração; construção e avaliação da usabilidade (Percurso Cognitivo e Teste de Usabilidade). No período de 2016 a 2017, foi alcançado a fase de piloto executável e gerado uma simulação com os dados obtidos da produção odontológica dos atendimentos individuais e coletivos e com as informações escolares. Análise do processo: tempo dispendido em reuniões (h=54; h=32) e listas de ajustes (h=78; h=96) para o protótipo e piloto executável, respectivamente. Principais correções entre a transição do protótipo ao piloto executável: ícones e rótulos de campos inconsistentes, sequência de passos não intuitivos e claros para execução de algumas tarefas, feedback não informativos e termos inadequados. Análise do produto: boa - interface de navegação, funcionalidade e expressão de programação; aceitável - linguagem e visual; ruim - gráficos automáticos. O software emite relatórios específicos com dados individualizados para consulta do histórico escolar, de atendimento individual e coletivo e informações de cobertura, acesso e diagnóstico por meio dos relatórios: relação CPO-D/ceo-d; sem necessidade de atendimento odontológico; faltou ao agendamento; relação restauração por extração; não participou da atividade educativa; relação encaminhado por atendido; tratamento odontológico concluído e/ou mensais. Conclui-se que o processo de aperfeiçoamento do e-SaBE permitiu qualificar um software que auxilia na reorganização às especificações e requisitos do PSE, possuindo funcionalidade que interage com a variedade de interpretações das condições de saúde bucal dos alunos

Research Trends on Preventive and Therapeutic Use of TIF4 for Dental Caries and Erosion

Objective: To evaluate TIF4 preventive and therapeutic use in caries and erosive lesions. Material and Methods: Searches were performed in six databases. Studies evaluating TiF4 use in vitro, in situ, and in vivo in caries and erosive lesions were included and imported into VantagePoint™ (VP). Data about publication year, authors, country, journal, study design, outcomes, TIF4 vehicles, application and intervention time, cariogenic challenge, erosive cycles, effects (positive/ negative /null) and approach (preventive/therapeutic) were analyzed through VP and Excel. Results: 93 published studies were included and an increase in publications was observed between 2010 and 2021. Forty-three authors published three or more articles, of which 67.4% were developed in Brazil and published in Caries Research (22.6%). 69.9% were in vitro studies with erosion assays (59.1%) and with preventive approaches (67.4%). The principal vehicle was a solution (69.9%) with a 1-min single application (58.0%) and with an intervention time of 5-7 days (22.6%). The principal cariogenic challenge in vitro was pH cycling (11.8%); in situ was sucrose + biofilm (6.2%); and in vivo, biofilm (6.2%). The most used erosive cycle was 4× per day in in vitro studies (20.4%) and 1× in vivo (2.1%). A positive effect was observed in prevention (41.9%) and treatment (24.7%) studies. Conclusion: TIF4 has shown a positive effect in prevention and therapeutic treatments for dental caries and erosion

The Xylitol Applicability and its Effects in Health Area Worldwide: A Bibliometric Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective: To describe and evaluate the xylitol products’ applicability and its effects in the health area worldwide utilizing a bibliometric analysis from randomized controlled trials (RCT) with humans. Material and Methods: Electronic searches were carried out in Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and VHL databases. The main data extracted were: year, area of applicability, type of treatment, country, journal, xylitol posology and concentration, presentation form, outcomes, and effects. Results: From 1476 studies, 257 were included. These studies were published between 1973-2021. The majority was carried out in dentistry (73.9%) and under preventive treatment (67.4%). These studies were developed in the USA (15.4%) and published in Caries Research (6.6%). The posology and concentration ranged between 0.004-67 g/day and 0.002-100%, respectively. The xylitol is usually used in the chewing gum form (44.0%), and for antimicrobial activity evaluation (38.5%). A positive effect was observed in 204 studies (79.3%) and was associated with xylitol concentration ≥ 15% (p=0.007). Side effects were reported in 8.2% and were associated with posology ≥ 5 g/day (p=0.03). Conclusion: Most studies with xylitol were conducted to prevent diseases in the dentistry field. The chewing gum form and antimicrobial activity evaluation were more frequent. Most xylitol products have a positive effect, and few studies report side effects

Red propolis hydroalcoholic extract inhibits the formation of Candida albicans biofilms on denture surface

To evaluate the antifungal activity of the red propolis hydroalcoholic extract (RPHE) against Candida albicans biofilms. The minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC) of the RPHE were determined by the microdilution technique. C. albicans biofilms were formed on the surface of resin specimens preconditioned with artificial saliva (1h). The specimens (N=48) were equally divided according to the four solutions used for anti-biofilm evaluation (n=12 per group). After overnight incubation, biofilms were daily exposed (2x/day for 15 min) along 3 days with 3% RPHE, 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX), 50,000 IU/mL nystatin (NYS) or saline (0.9% NaCl). Biofilms were analyzed regarding the number of viable microorganisms (CFU/mL), the metabolic activity (MTT assay) and the proportion of hyphae (optical microscopy). The MIC and MFC of RPHE were respectively 0.29 mg/mL (0.03%) and 1.17 mg/mL (0.12%). There was no difference in the microorganisms? viability (CFU/mL) among groups treated with RPHE (4.92×103), CHX (3.33×102) or NYS (6.8×104), being all of them different from NaCl (3.93×107) (p0.05). All experimental groups had a mean proportion of hyphae <10%, lower than NaCl (70%). RPHE has antifungal activity against C. albicans biofilms, suggesting its use for the biofilm control on denture surfaces

Effect of an aqueous 4% titanium tetrafluoride solution on preventing caries in orthodontic patients: a controlled clinical trial

ABSTRACT Introduction: Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) is a fluoride compound that, when is applied over enamel, promotes a protection against demineralization through a titanium dioxide (TiO2) acid-resistant coat. Objectives: This study sought to verify the hypothesis that a single application of 4% TiF4 increases the resistance of enamel to dental demineralization in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: This controlled clinical trial followed CONSORT guidelines and investigated the prevention of enamel demineralization, fluoride retention, and the presence of a Ti layer after TiF4 application on banded teeth exposed to clinical cariogenic biofilm. Forty premolars were divided into a control group (CG; n = 20) and a test group (TG; n = 20). Teeth from both groups received prophylaxis and orthodontic bands with a cariogenic locus. In the TG, all teeth additionally underwent aqueous 4% TiF4 solution application after prophylaxis before being banded. After one month, teeth from both groups were extracted and prepared to assess the microhardness, fluoride retention, and evaluation of the Ti coating over the enamel surface. All data were analyzed with a paired Student’s t-test (p<0.05). Results: Enamel microhardness and fluoride uptake were higher in TG than in CG, while the Ti layer could be seen over TG teeth that received TiF4 application. Conclusion: Under clinical circumstances, the 4% aqueous TiF4 solution was effective in preventing enamel mineral loss through increasing the enamel resistance to dental demineralization, enhancing its microhardness and fluoride uptake, and forming a Ti coat

Impact of the anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking on the prevalence of advanced oral cancer in Brazil

To evaluate the prevalence of oral cancer in Brazil according to the clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking. Data referring to 31,217 cases of oral cancer, from 2000 to 2010, were obtained from the Integrator Module of the Hospital Registry of Cancer. Inconsistent data (?non-classified? cases) was eliminated and 21,160 cases were analyzed. The frequency distribution according to clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking was analyzed descriptively and through a binary logistic regression model (?<0.05). The clinical stage (dependent variable) was dichotomized in early stage (I and II) or advanced stage (III and IV). The year of diagnosis, anatomical location and deleterious habits (alcoholism and smoking) were considered independent variables. The most frequent characteristics were: oropharynx location (n=3856, 18.41%), clinical stage IV (n=11924, 56.09%) and combined use of alcohol and tobacco (n=19226; 61.59%). The year 2009 (p<0.01, PR = 1.162, CI-95%=1.053-1.283) and location at the base of tongue (p<0.01, PR = 2.485, CI-95% = 2.182-2.807) presented a higher prevalence ratio for advanced stage oral cancer. The combined use of alcohol and tobacco showed a higher prevalence rate for the advanced clinical stage of cancer (p<0.01, PR =1.449, CI-95%=1.382-1.520) if compared to individuals without habits, or just alcoholics. Higher prevalence of advanced stage of oral cancer is related to the localization at the base of the tongue and to the concomitant use of alcohol and tobacco. Therefore, it can be suggested that all these characteristics lead to a worse prognosis of oral cancer

Research Trends on Preventive and Therapeutic Use of TIF4 for Dental Caries and Erosion

Objective: To evaluate TIF4 preventive and therapeutic use in caries and erosive lesions. Material and Methods: Searches were performed in six databases. Studies evaluating TiF4 use in vitro, in situ, and in vivo in caries and erosive lesions were included and imported into VantagePoint™ (VP). Data about publication year, authors, country, journal, study design, outcomes, TIF4 vehicles, application and intervention time, cariogenic challenge, erosive cycles, effects (positive/ negative /null) and approach (preventive/therapeutic) were analyzed through VP and Excel. Results: 93 published studies were included and an increase in publications was observed between 2010 and 2021. Forty-three authors published three or more articles, of which 67.4% were developed in Brazil and published in Caries Research (22.6%). 69.9% were in vitro studies with erosion assays (59.1%) and with preventive approaches (67.4%). The principal vehicle was a solution (69.9%) with a 1-min single application (58.0%) and with an intervention time of 5-7 days (22.6%). The principal cariogenic challenge in vitro was pH cycling (11.8%); in situ was sucrose + biofilm (6.2%); and in vivo, biofilm (6.2%). The most used erosive cycle was 4× per day in in vitro studies (20.4%) and 1× in vivo (2.1%). A positive effect was observed in prevention (41.9%) and treatment (24.7%) studies. Conclusion: TIF4 has shown a positive effect in prevention and therapeutic treatments for dental caries and erosion