Risk Factors for Anterior Skull Base Injury in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Objectives This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationships between the Keros classification, the Gera classification, the vertical height of the posterior ethmoid roof (ER), and anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) types in Japanese patients. Methods We investigated the computed tomography (CT) slices of paranasal sinuses (120 sides) of 60 patients; measured the cribriform plate (CP) depth, lateral lamella CP angle (LLCPA), and vertical height of the lateral ER from the hard palate (LERHP) at the coronal plane of the posterior ethmoidal artery (PEA); and reviewed the AEA types, whether floating or non-floating. Results CP depth was positively correlated with LLCPA (r=0.63; p Conclusion In females, low height of the posterior ethmoid sinus roof, where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks occurred while penetrating the basal lamella, often existed; the heights positively correlated with the Keros classification in Japanese patients. The Keros and Gera classifications, AEA type, and posterior ER height do not individually constitute a complete risk assessment but may correlate, preventing major complications, such as CSF leak and orbital hemorrhage

Relationship Between Renal Dysfunction and Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Pharyngeal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the association between renal dysfunction (RD) and the development of oral mucositis (OM) in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for pharyngeal cancer including radiation to the oral cavity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 130 patients diagnosed as having pharyngeal cancer who received CCRT at the Okayama University Hospital Head and Neck Cancer Center, 44 were finally selected. RESULTS: During the observation period, 24 (54.5%) patients experienced severe OM (grade 3). The Cox proportional hazards regression model demonstrated that RD (hazard ratio(HR)=2.45, 95% confidence interval(CI)=1.067-6.116, p=0.035) and nasopharynx/oropharynx as center of the irradiated area (HR=2.56, 95% CI=1.072-5.604, p=0.034) were significantly associated with the incidence of severe OM (grade 3). CONCLUSION: In patients with pharyngeal cancer treated with CCRT including radiation to the oral cavity, RD at baseline can be a risk factor for developing severe OM

エリート段階における中国遠隔高等教育 : 普通大学・広播電視大学の在学生・卒業生調査より

日本教育社会学会第46回大会, 1994年10月(椙山女学園大学), Ⅳ-7部会 社会発展と教育(2

Automatic dental age calculation from panoramic radiographs using deep learning: a two-stage approach with object detection and image classification

Abstract Background Dental age is crucial for treatment planning in pediatric and orthodontic dentistry. Dental age calculation methods can be categorized into morphological, biochemical, and radiological methods. Radiological methods are commonly used because they are non-invasive and reproducible. When radiographs are available, dental age can be calculated by evaluating the developmental stage of permanent teeth and converting it into an estimated age using a table, or by measuring the length between some landmarks such as the tooth, root, or pulp, and substituting them into regression formulas. However, these methods heavily depend on manual time-consuming processes. In this study, we proposed a novel and completely automatic dental age calculation method using panoramic radiographs and deep learning techniques. Methods Overall, 8,023 panoramic radiographs were used as training data for Scaled-YOLOv4 to detect dental germs and mean average precision were evaluated. In total, 18,485 single-root and 16,313 multi-root dental germ images were used as training data for EfficientNetV2 M to classify the developmental stages of detected dental germs and Top-3 accuracy was evaluated since the adjacent stages of the dental germ looks similar and the many variations of the morphological structure can be observed between developmental stages. Scaled-YOLOv4 and EfficientNetV2 M were trained using cross-validation. We evaluated a single selection, a weighted average, and an expected value to convert the probability of developmental stage classification to dental age. One hundred and fifty-seven panoramic radiographs were used to compare automatic and manual human experts’ dental age calculations. Results Dental germ detection was achieved with a mean average precision of 98.26% and dental germ classifiers for single and multi-root were achieved with a Top-3 accuracy of 98.46% and 98.36%, respectively. The mean absolute errors between the automatic and manual dental age calculations using single selection, weighted average, and expected value were 0.274, 0.261, and 0.396, respectively. The weighted average was better than the other methods and was accurate by less than one developmental stage error. Conclusion Our study demonstrates the feasibility of automatic dental age calculation using panoramic radiographs and a two-stage deep learning approach with a clinically acceptable level of accuracy

Determining Minimal Clinically Important Differences in Japanese Cedar/Cypress Pollinosis Patients

Background: Statistically significant results of medical intervention trials are not always clinically meaningful. We sought to estimate the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) (the smallest change in a given endpoint that is meaningful to a patient) during seasonal alteration of Japanese cedar/cypress pollinosis (JCCP). Methods: Results of a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of JCCP patients conducted between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed using an anchor-based method in which a face scale for Japanese rhinoconjunctivitis quality-of-life questionnaire (JRQLQ) was set as an anchor. MICDs were calculated as changes of average scores, including those for naso-ocular symptoms with 5 items in diary cards (T5SS), naso-ocular symptoms with 6 items (T6SS) and QOL with 17 items on the JRQLQ when face scale scores either improved or deteriorated by one point. Results: In 2009 and 2010, 3,698 and 374, respectively, grains/cm2 of pollens were dispersed. The MCIDs for T5SS in 2009 and 2010 were 1.426 (0.285 per item) and 1.441 (0.288), respectively. The MCIDs for T6SS were 4.115 (0.686) and 3.183 (0.531) in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The MCIDs for QOL were 10.469 (0.616) and 6.026 (0.354) in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Conclusions: For T5SS in the diary, T6SS and QOL in JRQLQ, unit differences of 1.5 (0.3 per item), 3.6 (0.6) and 8.2 (0.5), respectively, were considered clinically meaningful by JCCP patients. The MCID for symptoms recorded in the diary was stable irrespective of the dispersed pollen level

高校教育の量的変動と進路分化(I) : 府県間格差の視点から

日本教育社会学会第34回大会, 1982年10月(広島大学), 一般研究 I-3部会 中等教育