<b>Morfologia ovariana em novilhas bubalinas terminadas em confinamento em função do uso de promotor de crescimento ou esferas de chumbo no útero</b> - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v26i2.1870 <b>Ovary morphology of buffalo heifers fattened in feed lot in response of the utilization of growth promoter or leads sphere introduced in the uterus</b> - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v26i2.1870

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de promotor de crescimento (Synovex-H^&reg; - 20mg de Benzoato de estradiol e 200mg de testosterona) e 100 esferas de chumbo no útero sobre a atividade ovariana de novilhas bubalinas em confinamento e alimentadas <em>ad libitum</em>. Foram utilizadas 20 novilhas bubalinas da raça Murrah, com peso vivo médio de 350kg e 16 meses de idade, distribuídas ao acaso em 3 tratamentos: novilhas vazias (VAZ), novilhas com promotor de crescimento (PRC) e novilhas com esferas de chumbo (CHU) introduzidas no útero. As novilhas foram pesadas a cada 28 dias. Ao final do experimento, foram abatidas, e o aparelho reprodutor coletado. Os úteros foram analisados macroscopicamente. Os ovários foram cortados longitudinalmente e fixados em líquido de Bouin por 24 horas para análises microscópicas. Posteriormente, os ovários foram incluídos em parafina e cortados com 5µm de espessura e submetidos à técnica de coloração Hematoxilina-Eosina, para identificação do desenvolvimento folicular. Nos tratamentos VAZ e CHU, as análises macroscópicas dos úteros não diferiram entre si, apresentando aspecto normal. No tratamento PRC, foi observada uma musculatura mais espessa, maior tamanho e coloração mais escura. As esferas de chumbo não interferiram na atividade ovariana. Isso deve ter ocorrido porque as esferas de chumbo não permaneceram no interior do útero, com exceção de um animal que apresentou esferas de chumbo. Nesse caso, o útero apresentava aspecto edemaciado. Nas observações microscópicas, constatou-se atividade ovariana nos três tratamentos.<br>The objective of this work was to evaluate the hormonal implant use (Synovex-H^&reg; - 20mg of benzoate of estradiol and 200mg of testosterone) and 100 lead spheres in the uterus on the ovary activity of buffalo heifers in feed lot. Twenty buffalo heifers of breed Murrah were used, with live weight of 350kg and 16 months of age, distributed at random in three treatments: empty heifers (EMH), heifers with growth promoter (GPR) and heifers with lead sphere (LEA) introduced in the uterus. The heifers were weighed each 28 days. At the end of the experiment, the heifers were slaughtered and the reproductive system was collected. The uterus was analyzed microscopically. The ovaries were longitudinally cut and fixed in Bouin liquid for 24 hours to microscopic analyses. After, the ovaries were included in paraffin and cut with 5μm of thickness and submitted to the Hematoxilin-Eosin color technique for identification of follicular development. In the treatments EMH and LEA the uterus microscopic analyses did not present differences between themselves, presenting normal aspect. In the treatment GPR, it was observed thicker muscles, bigger size and darker color. In addition, the lead spheres did not interfere in the ovary activity. This must has happened because the lead spheres were not kept in the interior of the uterus, with exception of one animal that presented lead spheres. In this case, the uterus presents an aspect inflated. In the microscopic observations, ovary activity was consisted of three treatments

Metabólitos e hormônios plasmáticos de novilhas bubalinas confinadas em função do uso de promotor de crescimento ou esferas de chumbo no útero - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v26i2.1869

The objective of this research was to study the utilization of growth promoter (Synovex-H® - 20mg of benzoate of stradiol and 200mg of testosterone) and 100 lead spheres in the uterus on the hematocrit rate and glucose circulating levels, cholesterol total, urea, progesterone, insulin and IGF -1 in buffalo heifers in feedlot. Twenty buffalo heifers of breed Murrah were used, with live weight of 350Kg and 16 months of age, distributed in three treatments: empty heifers (EMH); heifers with growth promoter (GPR), heifers with lead sphere (LEA), introduced in the uterus. The heifers were feeding with the diet same and were weighting in intervals of 28 days. In the initial and final of the experiment (84 days), blood collection was realized in the jugular vein to determine the hematocrit rate and to determine the plasmatic levels of metabolites and hormones. The hematocrit rates were similar in the three treatments, in the beginning and at the end of the experiment. However, the values observed to 84 days were superior to the ones observed in the beginning of the experiment. The plasmatic levels of glucose, total cholesterol and urea were similar among the three treatments, in the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The plasmatic levels of progesterone, insulin and IGF -1 were similar among the treatments, in the beginning and at the end of the experiment. In the same way it was not observed effect of the collection day (D0 and D84).O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de promotor de crescimento (Synovex-H® - 20mg de benzoato de estradiol e 200mg de testosterona) ou 100 esferas de chumbo implantadas no útero de novilhas bubalinas em confinamento sobre a taxa de hematócrito e níveis circulantes de glicose, colesterol total, uréia, progesterona, insulina e IGF-1. Foram utilizadas 20 novilhas bubalinas da raça Murrah, com peso vivo médio de 350kg e 16 meses de idade, distribuídas ao acaso em 3 tratamentos: novilhas não-gestantes (vazias - VAZ), com implante de promotor de crescimento (PRC) e com implante de esferas de chumbo (ECH) no útero. As novilhas foram alimentadas com dieta única e foram pesadas a cada 28 dias. No início e no final do experimento (84 dias), foram realizadas coletas de sangue da veia jugular, para determinação da taxa de hematócrito e determinação dos níveis plasmáticos de hormônios e metabólitos. As taxas de hematócrito foram semelhantes nos 3 tratamentos no início e no final do experimento. Todavia valores observados no final do experimento foram superiores àqueles do início do experimento. Os níveis plasmáticos de glicose, colesterol total e uréia foram semelhantes nos 3 tratamentos, no início e no final do experimento. No entanto, houve uma redução dos níveis de uréia entre o início e o final do experimento, independentemente do tratamento. Os níveis plasmáticos de progesterona, insulina e IGF-1 foram semelhantes entre os tratamentos no início e no final do experimento. Da mesma forma, não foi observado efeito do dia de coleta (D0 e D84) nos níveis de hormônios

Superovulatory response, production and quality of embryos of cows fed on linseed or canola seed supplemented diets=Resposta super ovulatória, produção e qualidade de embriões de vacas suplementadas com semente de linhaça ou grãos de canola

Superovulatory response, production and embryo quality and the effects of seasonal changes on embryo production of Nellore cows fed on either linseed (n-3) or canola seeds (n-6) were evaluated. Sixteen Nellore cows (550 ± 48.0 kg) were fed on three diets: control diet (CON), diet with linseed (LIN) and diet with canola seed (CAN) during four seasons. There was no difference in superovulatory response and in total corpora lutea produced when diets are taken into consideration. The number of cows that responded to superovulatory treatment was higher in the winter (93.8%) than in the summer (62.5%). No difference with regard to the three diets existed on the average number of total structures (6.20, 4.96 and 6.50), unfertilized structures (2.53, 1.17 and 1.60) or congealable embryos (3.40, 1.30 and 3.80). Average degenerated embryos were higher for cows fed on LIN diet (2.48) than for those fed on CON diet (0.32); the CAN diet presented an intermediate response (1.10). Mean total structures produced were lower during the winter (3.57) and summer (3.50) than during the autumn (8.75) and spring (7.25). Este estudo avaliou a resposta superovulatória, produção e qualidade de embriões e o efeito da estação do ano sobre as alterações hormonais e na produção embrionária de vacas Nelores alimentadas com semente de linhaça (n-3) ou semente de canola (n-6). Dezesseis vacas Nelores foram usadas neste estudo (550 ± 48,0 kg). Nas quatro estações do ano as vacas receberam diferentes dietas: controle (CON), com semente de linhaça (LIN) e com semente de canola (CAN). Não houve diferença na resposta superovulatória e número total de corpos lúteos produzidos em função das dietas. O número de vacas que respondeu ao tratamento superovulatório foi maior na primavera (93,8%) do que no verão (62,5%). Não houve diferença para as três dietas sobre o número médio de estruturas colhidas (6,20; 4,96 e 6,50), de estruturas não fertilizadas (2,53; 1,17 e 1,60) ou de embriões congeláveis (3,40; 1,30 e 3,80). O número médio de embriões degenerados foi maior para as vacas com a dieta LIN (2,48) do que para as vacas da dieta CON (0,32). A dieta CAN mostrou uma resposta intermediária (1,10). O número de estruturas produzidas foi menor no inverno (3,57) e verão (3,50) do que no outono (8,75) e primavera (7,25)

<b>Comportamento de novilhas bubalinas terminadas em confinamento usando promotor de crescimento ou esferas de chumbo no útero</b> - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v27i3.1212 <b>Buffalo heifers behavior in feedlot using growth promoter or lead spheres introduced in the uterus</b> - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v27i3.1212

Avaliou-se o efeito da simulação da prenhez (100 esferas de chumbo no útero – CHU) e uso de promotor de crescimento (PRC) em comparação às novilhas vazias (VAZ), sobre o comportamento ingestivo, ruminação e imersão em água. Foram utilizadas 20 búfalas Murrah. Foi observado o comportamento das novilhas por cinco dias, em confinamento de 84 dias. O tempo de alimentação foi maior para o PRC (1352,5min.) em relação ao VAZ (1120,2min.) e ao CHU (1128,1min.), que não diferiram entre si. O tempo de ruminação foi maior para os animais do PRC (2598,5min.) em relação ao CHU (2169,7min.), com o VAZ (2357,4min.) em posição intermediária. No que se refere ao tempo de imersão em água (IME), este foi semelhante entre VAZ (1369,3min.) e CHU (1289,9min.) e superior ao tratamento PRC (604,0min.). O implante influenciou positivamente o tempo de alimentação e ruminação<br>This experiment evaluated the effects of treatments simulating pregnancy (100 lead spheres in the uterus - LEA) and implanted growth promoter (GPR), compared to a control group (EMP) on feed intake behavior, rumination behavior, and water immersion behavior. Twenty Murrah buffaloes were used. After 84-day confinement, the heifers’ behavior was observed for five days. The feeding time was longer in GPR (1352.5min.) than in EMP (1120.2min.) and LEA (1128.1min.); the last two groups did not differ from each other. The rumination time was longer in GPR (2598.5min.) than in LEA (2169.7min.), and EMP had an intermediary time (2357.4min.). As for water immersion, the time was similar for EMP (1369.3min.) and LEA (1289.9min.) and longer in GPR (604.0min.). Implant utilization influenced feeding and rumination time

Hypersensitivity in Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) due to the Association of Lidocaine and Bupivacaine in Neural-Guided Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Block

Background: Osteosyntheses, orthopedic surgeries that cause highly painful stimulation, are increasingly common in veterinary medicine. Epidural anesthesia is used to provide intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in mammals undergoing pelvic limb surgery. In birds, the synsacrum, the bone originating from the fusion of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae, makes this route inapplicable, thus peripheral nerve block is an easier option in this species. This report describes a case of local hypersensitivity following the association of lidocaine and bupivacaine in anesthetic blocks of the femoral and sciatic nerves in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).Case: A study was conducted in chickens evaluating the effectiveness of anesthetic sciatic and femoral nerve blocks, guided by a neural stimulator. Thirty-two 42-day-old male chickens of the species Gallus gallus domesticus, double breasted, weighing 1.86 ± 0.5 kg, were randomly divided into four groups: control (CG), lidocaine (LG), bupivacaine (BC) and the association of lidocaine and bupivacaine (LBG). The doses used were 4 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine and 2 mg/kg of 0.5% bupivacaine, without vasoconstrictor. For CG, 0.9% NaCl solution was used, respecting the total volume of 1 mL/kg. Only one bird from the LBG showed side effects, presenting sensory and motor loss for 24 h after the administration of these drugs, before euthanasia was performed using anesthetic induction with isoflurane through a face mask, followed by the intravenous administration of propofol and then potassium chloride. The chicken was submitted to a necropsy and macroscopically, soft, irregular, brownish lesions with a grayish focus were observed, indicating areas of necrosis in the muscles adjacent to the femoral and sciatic nerves. Histopathological examination showed mild, active inflammatory migration with perivascular organization, highlighting the presence of lymphocytes, plasmocytes, segmented heterophiles, and areas of hemorrhagic foci. The pairs of nerves evaluated showed edematous areas, but no inflammatory infiltrate, a histopathological finding that is considered to be nonspecific.Discussion: In the case of the chicken with side effects, histopathological examination showed vasculitis and hemorrhagic areas, which were correlated with ischemia and focal tissue necrosis, together with edematous lesions in the nerves evaluated, and extremities that showed an inflammatory response. These changes are related to acute hypersensitivity lesions, the drug response and drug hypersensitivity. Local anesthetics have been widely used in birds, but there are reports of reactions, including neurotoxicity and local myotoxicity, and bupivacaine is the drug that shows the highest cytotoxicity. However, long-term, repeated applications of bupivacaine on the sciatic nerve do not induce degenerative neural lesions in rats, rabbits, and dogs. The reactions described here are proportional to the concentration of the anesthetic injected, and in the case reported, the recommended dose for birds of 4 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine and 2 mg/kg of 0.5% bupivacaine, without vasoconstrictor, was adhered to. These findings suggest a reaction specific to the bird described; however, further studies regarding the local adverse effects of these anesthetics in birds should be conducted to make the practice of peripheral nerve block safer by testing different concentrations, associations and doses of the variety of drugs available.Keywords: birds, local block, drug hypersensitivity