AHRI Low Global Warming Potential Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP) – Summary of Phase I Testing Results

The Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) recently completed the first phase of its low global warming potential alternative refrigerants evaluation program (Low-GWP AREP). This industry-wide cooperative research program identified and evaluated promising alternative refrigerants’ performance over the past two years. Thirty-eight low-GWP refrigerants were tested during the first phase of the program in a variety of products; including air conditioners, heat pumps, chillers, ice makers and commercial bottle coolers. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the test results obtained during phase I. Furthermore, AHRI is launching a second phase of testing at the beginning of 2014 that includes newly developed refrigerants and performance testing under high ambient conditions that were not covered in the first phase. A status update of Phase II testing will also be provided

AHRI Low Global Warming Potential Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP) – Summary of Phase II Testing Results

The Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) recently completed the second phase of its Low Global Warming Potential Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP). This industry-wide cooperative research program identified and evaluated promising alternative refrigerants over the past two years. Twenty-eight low-GWP refrigerants were tested during the second phase of the program in a variety of products; including air conditioners, heat pumps, chillers, ice makers and commercial refrigeration displace cases. Phase II testing also included the performance testing under high ambient conditions up to 125°F. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the refrigerants tested and results obtained during phase II.Â

HLA-DR expression in melanoma: from misleading therapeutic target to potential immunotherapy biomarker

Since the advent of anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy, cutaneous melanoma has undergone a true revolution with prolonged survival, as available 5-year updates for progression-free survival and overall survival demonstrate a durable clinical benefit for melanoma patients receiving ICI. However, almost half of patients fail to respond to treatment, or relapse sooner or later after the initial response to therapy. Little is known about the reasons for these failures. The identification of biomarkers seems necessary to better understand this resistance. Among these biomarkers, HLA-DR, a component of MHC II and abnormally expressed in certain tumor types including melanoma for unknown reasons, seems to be an interesting marker. The aim of this review, prepared by an interdisciplinary group of experts, is to take stock of the current literature on the potential interest of HLA-DR expression in melanoma as a predictive biomarker of ICI outcome

Low Global Warming Potential (GWP) Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP)

In response to environmental concerns raised by the use of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) launched an industry-wide cooperative research program, AHRI Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP), to identify and evaluate promising alternative refrigerants for major product categories. These categories include air conditioners, heat pumps, chillers, water heaters, ice makers and refrigeration equipment. This paper provides an overview of the program, including the program’s scope and procedure. A series of alternative refrigerant candidates being evaluated in the program will be introduced. The refrigerant candidates’ thermodynamic cycle calculation and real testing results for various applications are presented up to the current status of the program

Étude prospective de la prise en charge et du devenir des pronations douloureuses de l'enfant, vu aux urgences

La prise en charge de la pronation douloureuse n est pas codifiée de façon précise, même s il est communément admis qu il s agisse d un diagnostic clinique. Le but de cette étude a été d analyser la prise en charge de cette pathologie dans un service d urgences recevant 25 000 enfants par an. Tous tes enfants venant pour impotence fonctionnelle du membre supérieur survenant en dehors d un traumatisme mineur ou secondaire à une traction de l avant bras et pour lequel le diagnostic de pronation douloureuse a été porté cliniquement ,ont été inclus. Un recueil des données concernant les circonstances de la survenue du traumatisme ,la prise en charge de la douleur, les examens radiologiques prescrits et le suivi un mois après le passage aux urgences a été effectué. 78 enfants ont été inclus, soit 2 % des passages pour motifs traumatologiques pendant la période d avril à septembre 2005. L âge moyen des enfants était de 25 mois +/- 13. La répartition des motifs de consultation était la suivante: 49 étirements involontaires du bras, 23 traumatismes minimes et 6 impotences inexpliquées 9 enfants ont eu un traitement antalgique utilisant de l entonox seul et 70,5 % n ont pas eu d antalgique du tout. 23 enfants (29.5%) ont eu une radiographie du coude ne montrant pas de lésion ostéoarticulaire 86 % des enfants ont eu une réduction manuelle, tandis que 11.5% des pronations se sont réduites spontanément Une immobilisation a été pratiquée chez 3 patients qui avaient eu initialement un traumatisme. Le suivi prospectif a été possible chez 88% des patients, 6 % des patients ont consultés secondairement un médecin traitant ou un autre établissement hospitalier pour une récidive de leur pronation douloureuse. Aucun de ces enfants n avaient de lésion non diagnostiquée initialement. Le diagnostic clinique semble suffire pour caractériser une pronation douloureuse et leur prise en charge diagnostique semble bien maîtrisée par les urgentistes. Les radiographies ne sont justifiées que dans le cadre des impotences inexpliquées ou lorsqu il ya un traumatisme avéré. La prise en charge de la douleur parait insuffisante et doit faire l objet d une réflexion spécifique.PARIS13-BU Serge Lebovici (930082101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effect of temperature in Chitin and Chitosan production by solid culture of Penicillium Camembertii on YPG medium

International audienc

Case report: Eosinophilic fasciitis induced by pembrolizumab with high FDG uptake on 18F-FDG-PET/CT

International audienceEosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disorder causing inflammation and fibrosing of fascia. In this study, we present a very rare case of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced EF revealed by 18 F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET/CT) 20 months after the initiation of Pembrolizumab treatment of a relapsed nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study presents a 52-year-old Caucasian woman clinically presenting asthenia, inflammatory muscle, and joint pain associated with subcutaneous nodules and symmetrical edema of the lower limbs. Iterative 18 FDG-PET/CT scans allow us to guide the therapeutic strategy due to this atypical ICI adverse event

Review on radiomic analysis in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for prediction of melanoma outcomes

International audienceAbstract Over the past decade, several strategies have revolutionized the clinical management of patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM), including immunotherapy and targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based therapies. Indeed, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), alone or in combination, represent the standard of care for patients with advanced disease without an actionable mutation. Notably BRAF combined with MEK inhibitors represent the therapeutic standard for disease disclosing BRAF mutation. At the same time, FDG PET/CT has become part of the routine staging and evaluation of patients with cutaneous melanoma. There is growing interest in using FDG PET/CT measurements to predict response to ICI therapy and/or target therapy. While semiquantitative values such as standardized uptake value (SUV) are limited for predicting outcome, new measures including tumor metabolic volume, total lesion glycolysis and radiomics seem promising as potential imaging biomarkers for nuclear medicine. The aim of this review, prepared by an interdisciplinary group of experts, is to take stock of the current literature on radiomics approaches that could improve outcomes in CM

HLA-DR expression in melanoma: from misleading therapeutic target to potential immunotherapy biomarker

International audienceSince the advent of anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy, cutaneous melanoma has undergone a true revolution with prolonged survival, as available 5-year updates for progression-free survival and overall survival demonstrate a durable clinical benefit for melanoma patients receiving ICI. However, almost half of patients fail to respond to treatment, or relapse sooner or later after the initial response to therapy. Little is known about the reasons for these failures. The identification of biomarkers seems necessary to better understand this resistance. Among these biomarkers, HLA-DR, a component of MHC II and abnormally expressed in certain tumor types including melanoma for unknown reasons, seems to be an interesting marker. The aim of this review, prepared by an interdisciplinary group of experts, is to take stock of the current literature on the potential interest of HLA-DR expression in melanoma as a predictive biomarker of ICI outcome

Clinical application of a population-based input function (PBIF) for a shortened dynamic whole-body FDG-PET/CT protocol in patients with metastatic melanoma treated by immunotherapy

Abstract Background The aim was to investigate the feasibility of a shortened dynamic whole-body (dWB) FDG-PET/CT protocol and Patlak imaging using a population-based input function (PBIF), instead of an image-derived input function (IDIF) across the 60-min post-injection period, and study its effect on the FDG influx rate (Ki) quantification in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM) undergoing immunotherapy. Methods Thirty-seven patients were enrolled, including a PBIF modeling group (n = 17) and an independent validation cohort (n = 20) of MM from the ongoing prospective IMMUNOPET2 trial. All dWB-PET data were acquired on Vision 600 PET/CT systems. The PBIF was fitted using a Feng’s 4-compartments model and scaled to the individual IDIF tail’s section within the shortened acquisition time. The area under the curve (AUC) of PBIFs was compared to respective IDIFs AUC within 9 shortened time windows (TW) in terms of linear correlation (R 2) and Bland–Altman tests. Ki metrics calculated with PBIF vs IDIF on 8 organs with physiological tracer uptake, 44 tumoral lesions of MM and 11 immune-induced inflammatory sites of pseudo-progression disease were also compared (Mann–Whitney test). Results The mean ± SD relative AUC bias was calculated at 0.5 ± 3.8% (R 2 = 0.961, AUCPBIF = 1.007 × AUCIDIF). In terms of optimal use in routine practice and statistical results, the 5th–7th pass (R 2 = 0.999 for both Ki mean and Ki max) and 5th–8th pass (mean ± SD bias = − 4.9 ± 6.5% for Ki mean and − 4.8% ± 5.6% for Ki max) windows were selected. There was no significant difference in Ki values from PBIF5_7 vs IDIF5_7 for physiological uptakes (p > 0.05) as well as for tumor lesions (mean ± SD Ki IDIF5_7 3.07 ± 3.27 vs Ki PBIF5_7 2.86 ± 2.96 100ml/ml/min, p = 0.586) and for inflammatory sites (mean ± SD Ki IDIF5_7 1.13 ± 0.59 vs Ki PBIF5_7 1.13 ± 0.55 100ml/ml/min, p = 0.98). Conclusion Our study showed the feasibility of a shortened dWB-PET imaging protocol with a PBIF approach, allowing to reduce acquisition duration from 70 to 20 min with reasonable bias. These findings open perspectives for its clinical use in routine practice such as treatment response assessment in oncology