A COMPARISON OF ORGANIC AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS FOR TOMATO PRODUCTION

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most popular and versatile vegetables in the world, and organic production with a high yield and desirable quality is a target of many producers. The effect of four different fertilizers (chemical, municipal solid waste compost, cattle manure, and spent mushroom compost) on four commercial tomato cultivars (Redstone, Flat, Peto Pride and Chief) was assessed in this research. The highest yield was obtained with the Chief cultivar when fertilized with chemical fertilizer and the lowest value was obtained with Peto Pride fertilized with 20 tonnes per hectare (t/ha) of cow manure. The difference between the two classes of fertilizers (organic and chemical) was not very high so that organic fertilizers are competitive and may be a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizer. According to our results, to achieve maximum yields with organic fertilizers, 20 t/ha of spent mushroom compost can be recommended for the Redstone cultivar, 30 t/ha of cow manure for Flat, 300 t/ha of municipal solid waste compost for Peto Pride, and 300 t/ha of municipal solid waste compost or 20 t/ha of spent mushroom compost can be recommended for the Chief cultivar. These recommended organic fertilizing regimes achieved cultivar yields comparable to the chemical fertilizer treatments, achieving a yield of 98.4% for Redstone, 99.5% for Flat, 97.6% for Peto Pride, and 95.7% for Chief

Perancangan Arsitektur Enterprise Perguruan Tinggi Menggunakan Togaf Adm : Studi Kasus Universitas Bumi Hijrah Maluku Utara

Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Metodologi The Open Group Architecture Framework Development Method (TOGAF ADM) dan dalam proses penelitian dibatasi sesuai yang ada pada proses bisnis utama berdasarkan pemetaan menggunakan value chain dengan sampel penelitian pada salah satu lembaga pendidikan tinggi swasta di Provinsi Maluku Utara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang arsitektur enterprise pada perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan performa dan kualitas pelayanan kepada pihak eksternal maupun internal organisasi. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan sebuah blueprint arsitektur sistem informasi berupa kandidat-kandidat aplikasi untuk setiap sub organisasi yang disusun berdasarkan tingkat prioritas kebutuhan sehingga dalam implementasi lebih terukur, tersistematis dan tidak mengganggu kinerja sistem informasi baik yang sudah ada maupun sedang dibangun

HUNTING PHENOMENON STUDY OF RAILWAY CONVENTIONAL TRUCK ON TANGENT TRACKS DUE TO CHANGE IN RAIL WHEEL GEOMETRY

A mathematical dynamic model of railway conventional truck is presented with 12 degrees of freedom equations of motion. The presented dynamic system consists of conventional truck attached with two single wheelsets in which equipped with lateral, longitudinal and vertical linear stiffness and damping primary and secondary suspensions. This investigated model governs lateral displacement, vertical displacement, roll yaw angles of each of wheelset and the lateral displacement, vertical displacement, roll and yaw angle of conventional truck. Kalker's linear theory has been adopted to evaluate the creep forces which are introduced on rail wheels due to rail wheel contact. The railway truck mathematical equations of motion are solved using fourth order Rung-Kutta method which requires that differential equations to be transformed into a set of first order differential equations. The transformed state space equations are simulated with computer aided simulation to represent the dynamic behavior and time solution of dynamics of conventional truck moving on tangent tracks. Influences of the geometric parameters of the rail wheel such as wheel conicity and nominal rolling radius on the dynamic stability of the system are investigated. It is concluded that the geometric parameters of the rail wheel have different effects on the hunting instability and on the change of the critical hunting velocity of the system. In addition critical hunting velocity of rail trucks is proportional inversely with the square roots of wheel conicity but high critical hunting velocity obtained by increasing the nominal rolling radius of the rail wheel

Crystal structure of dichloro((S)-2-(anilinomethyl)-pyrrolidine)- palladium(II), Pd(Cl)2(C11H16N2)

C11H16Cl2N2Pd, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 11.246(2) Å, b = 12.222(2) Å, c = 19.637(4) Å, V= 2699.1 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.027, wRref(F2) = 0.060, T =200 K. © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag,

Postoperative atrial fibrillation among patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting

ntroduction Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest of all the known cardiac arrhythmias after cardiac surgery. The postoperative AF has both short- and long-term adverse impacts on patients, like prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, increased frequency of reoperations, myocardial infarction, increased use of inotropes, and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). There is a paucity of data regarding the postoperative AF after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its risk factors in our geographic location. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of postoperative atrial fibrillation among patients undergoing isolated CABG at a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted on 163 consecutively selected patients undergoing first time isolated CABG at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Patients with redo-sternotomy, preoperative atrial fibrillation and with other cardiac pathology were excluded from the study. Postoperative AF was defined in the patients with postoperative 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) finding of absence of P waves, replaced by unorganized electrical activity and irregular R-R intervals. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 163 patients were enrolled with the mean age of 58.66 ± 9.77 years ranging between 40 and 85 years with male predominance of 81% (132). The most common comorbidity was hypertension in about 68.1% (111), followed by diabetes mellitus in 54.6% (89) patients. Postoperative AF was observed in 42 (25.8%) patients. Most of the patients who developed postoperative AF, were overweight with mean body mass index (BMI) of 27.04 ± 4.85 kg/m2, 76.2% (32) had a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus was associated with 33.3% (14) patients with postoperative AF and 50.0% (21) of them were smokers. Distribution of coronary artery disease in patients with postoperative AF was observed as three vessels coronary artery disease (3VCAD) in 83.3% (35), two-vessel coronary artery disease (2VCAD) was present in 7.1% (three), and rest of 9.5% (four) patients had single-vessel coronary artery disease (SVCAD). Conclusion The frequency of postoperative atrial fibrillation in our study was found to be 25.9% which is comparable to world literature. An important finding that comes through this study is a younger population undergoing CABG, which raises the possibility of early manifestation of ischemic heart disease in our region. This, however, needs further investigation. We were unable to point out the factors predictive of postoperative AF; studies with larger sample size would help in that regard

Peningkatan Keterampilan Siswa Berbicara Melalui Media Gambar Dikelas III SD Inpres Maranatha.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa berbicara pada siswa kelas III SD Inpres Maranatha dengan menggunakan media gambar, dimana media gambar adalah salah satu media yang mudah digunakan oleh guru dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran, dan juga dengan menggunakan alat peraga tersebut siswa merasa senang ketika mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran dan siswa juga merasa mudah memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Desain penelitian ini mengikuti model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart (Arikunto, 2007) dengan subyek melibatkan 30 orang siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan pembelajaran berbicara, masing-masing siklus meliputi 4 tahap: (i) perencanaan (ii) pelaksanaan tindakan (iii) observasi dan (iv) refleksi. Penerapan media gambar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar berbicara siswa kelas III, Hal ini dapat dilihat pada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, untuk ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 46,7% dan pada siklus II sebesar 86,7% dan meningkat sebesar 40%. Untuk daya serap klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 61,8% dan pada siklus II sebesar 72,2% dan meningkat sebesar 10,9%. Sedangkan untuk aktivitas guru pada siklus I diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 55,29% berada pada kategori kurang dan pada siklus II diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 85,,88% berada pada kategori baik dan meningkat sebesar 30,59%. Untuk aktivitas siswa pada sisklus I diperoleh rata-rata persentase 45,33% berada pada kategori kurang dan pada siklus II diperoleh rata-rata persentase sebesar 80% berada pada kategori baik dan meningkat sebesar 34,67%

Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Melalui Metode Diskusi Siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli

Metode penelitian yang digunakan/diterapkan dalam PTK ini adalah metode diskusi yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, di mana pada setiap siklus dilakukan langkah-langkah perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Permasalahan peneleitian ini adalah apakah penggunaan metode diskusi kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli dapat ditingkatkan. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli melalui metode diskusi. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) pada siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 20 orang, yang terdiri atas siswa laki-laki sebanyak 10 orang dan siswa perempuan sebanyak 10 orang. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas melalui metode diskusi dengan dua siklus menunjukkan nilai rata-rata atau persentase yang berbeda terhadap kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014. Pada pelaksanaan tindakan Siklus I ketuntasan klasikal siswa adalah 60% (12 orang siswa yang tuntas hasil belajar), tetapi hal tersebut belum mencapai kriteria ketuntasan yang diharapkan, yaitu tuntas secara klasikal bila mencapai ≥ 75% atau memperoleh skor ≥ 65. Pada tindakan Siklus II, diperoleh ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100% dengan perolehan nilai semua siwa (20 orang siswa) sudah mencapai skor ≥ 65. Dengan demikian, kemampuan membaca pemahaman siswa Kelas IV SDN Inti Tomoli dapat ditingkatkan melalui metode diskusi

Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Pengumuman Siswa Kelas IV SDK Mekar Sari Buranga Melalui Metode Latihan

Penelitian ini untuk meningkatan kemampuan siswa kelas IV SDK Mekar Sari Buranga Menulis Pengumuman melalui metode latihan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk peningkatan kemampuan menulis pengumuman melalui metode latihan pada siswa kelas IV SDK Mekar Sari Buranga. Metode yang digunakan mengacu pada model Kurt Lewin yaitu dilaksanakan secara bersiklus dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleks Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif dimana data kuantitatif diperoleh dari hasil evaluasi pembelajaran membaca nyaring yang dilakukan siswa sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari kegiatan proses pembelajaran di kelas. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada Siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata mencapai 79,4% sedangkan ketuntasan klasikal sesuai indikator kinerja sebesar 65% dengan kesimpulan sementara belum berhasil pada siklusII terjadi peningkatan mencapai nilai rata-rata 91,1%. Hal ini menggambarkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan siswa menulis pengumuman melalui metode latihan, dengan ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal mencapai 95%

Role of community health nurse in earthquake affected areas

The role of Community Health Nurses (CHNs) outside the traditional hospital setting is meant to provide and promote the health care needs of the community. Such nurses can play a substantial role in the community setting including emergencies like disasters. This became evident after the earthquake of October 8, 2005 in Pakistan. The objective was to address the issues, faced by primary healthcare providers working in earthquake-affected areas focusing on participatory approach. The experience of the interventions done by CHN by a guided frame work (assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation components) is described. Issues identified by CHN included: lack of training of health care providers, lack of collaboration, communication between the medical and management staff due to poor infrastructure of the healthcare facilities. The interventions were carried out, utilizing existing resources. Efforts were directed to build capacity of health care providers at grass root level to fill in gaps of health care delivery system for sustainable change. Overall, working in the earthquake affected areas is challenging. Health leadership should foresee role of CHN in emergencies where quality healthcare interventions are essential