Evelyne Lagrange et Jean-Marc Sorel (dir.), Traité de droit des organisations internationales, 2013

Wellens Karel C. Evelyne Lagrange et Jean-Marc Sorel (dir.), Traité de droit des organisations internationales, 2013. In: Annuaire français de droit international, volume 59, 2013. pp. 678-680

Fragmentation of International Law and Establishing an Accountability Regime for International Organizations: The Role of the Judiciary in Closing the Gap

In the mid-nineties, the Editorial Board of the Netherlands Yearbook of International Law decided to select the diversity in secondary rules and the unity of international law as a topic to celebrate the Yearbook\u27s twenty-fifth anniversary. The focus was on sources, responsibility, countermeasures, and dispute settlement, thus reflecting Hart\u27s secondary rules of recognition, change, and adjudication

Evelyne Lagrange et Jean-Marc Sorel (dir.), Traité de droit des organisations internationales, 2013

Wellens Karel C. Evelyne Lagrange et Jean-Marc Sorel (dir.), Traité de droit des organisations internationales, 2013. In: Annuaire français de droit international, volume 59, 2013. pp. 678-680

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Myocardial bridging as a cause of paroxysmal atrioventricular block

Paroxysmal atrioventricular (AY) block was induced by exercise in an otherwise healthy young man. The only abnormalities demonstrated at comprehensive cardiac evaluation were: 1) angiographic systolic narrowing of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and 2) reversible radionuclide hypoperfusion of the septum during exercise. It is postulated that ischemia of the conduction system due to systolic milking of the left anterior descending coronary artery was responsible for the paroxysmal AY block in this patient

T-shaped ionic liquid crystals based on the imidazolium motif : exploring substitution of the C-2 imidazolium carbon atom

In this contribution the first examples of so-called rigid-core, T-shaped imidazolium ionic liquid crystals, in which the C-2 atom of the imidazolium ring is substituted with an aryl moiety decorated with one or two alkoxy chains, are described. The length of the alkoxy chain(s) was varied from six to eighteen carbon atoms (n=6, 10, 14-18). Whereas the compounds with one long alkoxy chain display only smectic A phases, the salts containing two alkoxy chains exhibit smectic A, multicontinuous cubic, as well as hexagonal columnar phases, as evidenced by polarising optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction. Structural models are proposed for the self-assembly of the molecules within the mesophases. The imidazolium head groups and the iodide counterions were found to adopt a peculiar orientation in the central part of the columns of the hexagonal columnar phases. The enantiotropic cubic phase shown by the 1,3-dimethyl-2-[3,4-bis(pentadecyloxy)phenyl]imidazolium iodide salt has a multicontinuous Pm (3) over barm structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a thermotropic cubic mesophase of this symmetry