Polypyrrole and polyaniline top coats on nickel coated mild steel

Electrochemical synthesis of very adherent polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANi) films were achieved on 1 µm thick nickel (Ni) coated mild steel (MS) samples. Electrodeposition of Ni layer on MS was carried out galvanostatically, in an appropriate bath solution and cyclic voltammetry technique was used for synthesis of the polymer top coats, in monomer containing oxalic acid solutions. The corrosion performances of nickel coated samples with and without polymer top coats were investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution, by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and anodic polarization curves. It was found that electrodeposited 1 µm thick Ni layer had quite porous structure, therefore, it could exhibit restricted barrier property and its protection efficiency diminished with time. It was shown that the presence of a polymer top coat could improve the barrier property significantly and lead to much better protection against the corrosion of underlying MS. PPy film was found to be more effective as top coat on Ni coated MS, with respect to PANi film. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis, structure, and electrochemical properties of N,Nʹ-bis(ferrocenylmethylene)ethylenediamine Schiff base and its metal complexes

The reaction of N,N'-bis(ferrocenylmethylene)ethylenediamine (FcNN) Schiff base with metal salts gave SnCl4FcNN (1), SnCl2FcNN(H2O)2 (2), Sn2(CH3)4Cl4FcNN (3), Ti2Cl8FcNN (4), CdFcNN(NO3)2 (5), and CuFcNN(NO3)2 (6). New complexes (1)–(6) were characterized by IR and elemental analysis techniques. IR spectra showed that the Schiff base was coordinated to the metal ions in a bidentate manner with N,N' donor sites. The 1H NMR spectra of complexes (1), (2), and (4) show all the expected signals with a typical signal pattern of disubstituted ferrocenyl groups. The electrochemical properties of complexes were determined by cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammetry results show that these complexes exhibit one irreversible oxidation peak. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a 4-month-old infant with biotinidase

Hemophagocytic syndromes such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory conditions caused by inherited or acquired immune disorders. Awareness of the clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic syndromes is crucial to start timely life-saving therapy. We present a case of a 4-month-old boy presenting with HLH. However, the patient was subsequently diagnosed with biotinidase deficiency and was successfully treated with biotin-replacement therapy, upon which the hemophagocytic syndrome ceased. Subsequent laboratory evaluations revealed normal lymphocyte cytotoxicity and no mutations in genes associated with familial HLH were found. Biotinidase deficiency should be considered as a differential diagnosis of patients fulfilling HLH criteria

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a 4-month-old infant with biotinidase deficiency

Hemophagocytic syndromes such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory conditions caused by inherited or acquired immune disorders. Awareness of the clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic syndromes is crucial to start timely life-saving therapy. We present a case of a 4-month-old boy presenting with HLH. However, the patient was subsequently diagnosed with biotinidase deficiency and was successfully treated with biotin-replacement therapy, upon which the hemophagocytic syndrome ceased. Subsequent laboratory evaluations revealed normal lymphocyte cytotoxicity and no mutations in genes associated with familial HLH were found. Biotinidase deficiency should be considered as a differential diagnosis of patients fulfilling HLH criteria. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 191193. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Hemophagocytic syndromes such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory conditions caused by inherited or acquired immune disorders. Awareness of the clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic syndromes is crucial to start timely life-saving therapy. We present a case of a 4-month-old boy presenting with HLH. However, the patient was subsequently diagnosed with biotinidase deficiency and was successfully treated with biotin-replacement therapy, upon which the hemophagocytic syndrome ceased. Subsequent laboratory evaluations revealed normal lymphocyte cytotoxicity and no mutations in genes associated with familial HLH were found. Biotinidase deficiency should be considered as a differential diagnosis of patients fulfilling HLH criteria

Transformation of Turkey’s Regional Policies: The Case of the KRG Referendum Debacle

Turkey’s response to the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq’s independence referendum took most observers by surprise. The prevailing assumption was that, despite its vocal objections, Turkey would eventually just accommodate the results of the referendum because years of engagement and a KRG-centred Iraq policy had created multi-faceted interdependencies, which would be hard to overturn. However, rhetoric dictated policy. In a counter-intuitive move, Turkey realigned its partnerships to chart a new policy which involved greater coordination with the central government of Iraq. This reaction is best understood through a study of contextual variables at regional, domestic and leadership levels which have led to major changes in Turkey’s regional policies