Perspective of turkish medicine students on cancer, cancer treatments, palliative care, and oncologists (ares study): A study of the palliative care working committee of the turkish oncology group (TOG)

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death all over the World (Rahib et al. in Cancer Res 74(11):2913–2921, 2014; Silbermann et al. in Ann Oncol 23(Suppl 3):iii15–iii28, 2012). It is crucial to diagnose this disease early by effective screening methods and also it is very important to acknowledge the community on various aspects of this disease such as the treatment methods and palliative care. Not only the oncologists but every medical doctor should be educated well in dealing with cancer patients. Previous studies suggested various opinions on the level of oncology education in medical schools (Pavlidis et al. in Ann Oncol 16(5):840–841, 2005). In this study, the perspectives of medical students on cancer, its treatment, palliative care, and the oncologists were analyzed in relation to their educational status. A multicenter survey analysis was performed on a total of 4224 medical school students that accepted to enter this study in Turkey. After the questions about the demographical characteristics of the students, their perspectives on the definition, diagnosis, screening, and treatment methods of cancer and their way of understanding metastatic disease as well as palliative care were analyzed. The questionnaire includes questions with answers and a scoring system of Likert type 5 (absolutely disagree = 1, completely agree = 5). In the last part of the questionnaire, there were some words to detect what the words “cancer” and “oncologist” meant for the students. The participant students were analyzed in two study groups; “group 1” (n = 1.255) were phases I and II students that had never attended an oncology lesson, and “group 2” (n = 2.969) were phases III to VI students that had attended oncology lessons in the medical school. SPSS v17 was used for the database and statistical analyses. A value of p < 0.05 was noted as statistically significant. Group 1 defined cancer as a contagious disease (p = 0.00025), they believed that early diagnosis was never possible (p = 0.042), all people with a diagnosis of cancer would certainly die (p = 0.044), and chemotherapy was not successful in a metastatic disease (p = 0.003) as compared to group 2. The rate of the students that believed gastric cancer screening was a part of the national screening policy was significantly more in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.00014). Group 2 had a higher anxiety level for themselves or their family members to become a cancer patient. Most of the students in both groups defined medical oncologists as warriors (57% in group 1 and 40% in group 2; p = 0.097), and cancer was reminding them of “death” (54% in group 1 and 48% in group 2; p = 0.102). This study suggested that oncology education was useful for the students’ understanding of cancer and related issues; however, the level of oncology education should be improved in medical schools in Turkey. This would be helpful for medical doctors to cope with many aspects of cancer as a major health care problem in this country. © 2018, American Association for Cancer Education

How distinctive is the Foreign Language Enjoyment and Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety of Kazakh learners of Turkish?

The present study focuses on foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) of 592 learners of Turkish as a foreign language (FL) in Kazakhstan. Mean levels of FLE and FLCA were found to be similar to previous studies in different settings with different target languages. In contrast with previous literature, a weak positive correlation was found between FLE and FLCA and the gender effect went in the opposite direction, with male participants reporting more FLCA than female participants. Multiple regression analyses revealed that FLE and FLCA were more strongly predicted by learners’ attitude toward Turkish and teacher-related variables than by learner-internal variables, confirming previous research outside Kazakhstan. Attitude toward the FL, teacher’s friendliness, strictness and frequency of use of the FL, attitude toward the teacher, participant’s age and FL exam result explained a total of 25% of variance in FLE. Differing slightly from previous studies, FLCA was found to be only weakly predicted (6% of variance) by some learner-internal variables (FL exam result, attitude toward the FL) as well as teacher-centred variables (friendliness, strictness). The findings suggest that variation in FLE and FLCA among Kazakh learners of Turkish is quite similar to that established in other contexts

absorption spectra of hetarylazo-substituted calix[6]arenes

Synthesis of seven novel hetarylazocalix[6] arene dyes was achieved by diazotisation of seven different heterocyclic amines using nitrosyl sulphuric acid, coupling with calix[6]arene. Hetarylazocalix[6]arene dyes were characterized based on FT-IR and H-1-NMR spectroscopic techniques as well as elemental analysis. The absorption spectra of the dyes are discussed, both the effect of varying pH and solvent upon the absorption ability of azocalixarenes. Absorption maxima of the prepared dyes showed large bathochromic effects in comparison with analogues dyes containing carbocyclic amine residue. The colour of the azocalixarene dyes is discussed with respect to the nature of the heterocyclic ring and substituents there in. Concentration effects on the visible absorption maxima of the dyes are also reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

of hetarylazo disperse dyes derived from calix[4]arene

Synthesis of some novel hetarylazocalix[4]arene dyes was achieved by diazotisation of six heterocyclic amines using nitrosyl sulphuric acid, coupling with calix[4]arene. The absorption spectra of the dyes are discussed, both the effect of varying pH and solvent upon the absorption ability of azocalixarenes. The hetarylazocalix[4]arene readily undergo acidic dissociation into the common anion in DMF and DMSO. Absorption maxima of the dyes showed large bathochromic effects in comparison with analogues dyes containing carbocyclic amine residue. The colour of the dyes is discussed with respect to the nature of the heterocyclic ring and substituents there in. Concentration effects on the visible absorption maxima of the dyes arc also reported. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.C1 Pammukale Univ, Fac Sci Arts, Dept Chem, TR-20017 Denizli, Turkey.Ankara Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey

Anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses detected by computed tomography and the relationship between variations and sex [Paranazal sinüslerin anatomik varyasyonlarinin bilgisayarli tomografi ile degerlendirilmesi ve bunlarin cinsiyetle ilişkisi.]

PubMed ID: 16227725OBJECTIVES: In this study, we evaluated anatomic variations detected by computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses and their relationship with sex. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses of 464 patients (206 males, 258 females; mean age 37.5 years; range 4-87 years) were retrospectively analyzed. In cases requiring further investigation, axial and sagittal views were obtained using multiplanar reformatted images. Bone window images were also obtained particularly to evaluate dehiscence variations. Paranasal sinus variations were classified into eight subgroups according to their origins (nasal septum, ethmoid cells, maxillary sinus, uncinate process, frontal and sphenoid sinuses, orbit, and nasal concha). The frequency of variations was compared between male and females. RESULTS: The most common anatomic variation was agger nasi cells (80.4%) followed by pneumatization of the middle concha (37%). The least encountered variations were pneumatization of the inferior turbinate, bony dehiscence of the ethmoidal roof, and duplication of the middle and superior turbinates. The frequency of variations did not differ significantly with respect to gender (p>0.05) except for frontal hypoplasia, which was more often in females (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Axial and sagittal views using multiplanar reformatted images can be helpful in eliminating artefacts and in identifying variations of the paranasal sinuses. Utilization of soft tissue and bone windows, when necessary, may facilitate evaluation of dehiscence abnormalities

The effectiveness of melatonin in head banging: A case report

Head banging is one of the three typical subtypes of rhythmic movement disorder. It typically involves anteroposterior movements of the head. Rhythmic movement disorder usually resolves in early childhood but less commonly persists into adolescence and adulthood. Although benzodiazepines commonly used, the universal effectiveness of any pharmacologic agent has not been approved. Herein, we present an 8-year-old girl patient suffered from head banging who responded to melatonin after in failure to imipramine treatment. Although nocomplete remission has been obtained, this is the first melatonin trial in a child patient with headbanging. © 2019 Brazilian Association of Sleep and Latin American Federation of Sleep Societies. All rights reserved