92 research outputs found
Improving the production technology of drilling and blasting operations by blasting of high ledges
In modern economic conditions, the issue of improving the efficiency of mining enterprises is very relevant. One of the key processes isdrilling and blasting operations (DBO), which determine the efficiency of the entire complex of mining operations. One of the main methods of controlling the explosion energy is the diameter of the blast wells. According to the recommendations of prof. B N Kutuzov the diameter of blast wells is correlated with the fracturing and strength of the exploding rocks. With increasing blockage and rock strength to achieve the required quality of explosive crushing preference is given to drilling equipment with a small diameter of wells. By blasting of high ledges, especially large-block rocks with a strength coefficient of more than 15 on the M M Protodyakonov scale; the use of high-performance drilling equipment for drilling small-diameter blast wells is difficult. This is due to the fact that the calculated value of the resistance line along sole (RLAS) does not pass the safety condition for drilling the first row of wells. In this regard, the paper proposes and justifies the use of extensions of the lower parts of wells using mechanical expanders. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Synthesis of Fatty-Acid Ethanolamides from Linum catharticum Oils and Cololabis saira Fats
Ethanolamides of polyunsaturated fatty acids (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoic; 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoic; and 4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic) and mixtures of ethanolamides of fatty acids from natural fats (oils) were synthesized. It was found that the polyunsaturated fatty acids did not isomerize under the proposed conditions for aminolysis of the ester bond. Conditions for analyzing the complicated mixtures of ethanolamides of fatty acids by HPLC-MS were determined.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41528/1/10600_2004_Article_495514.pd
ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL MULTIPOTENT STROMAL CELLS IN REMODELING OF BONE DEFECTS
Ability of mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) to differentiate into several types of mesenchymal tissues allows to consider these cells the main candidates for creating tissue engineeringΒ constructions for regenerative medicine. MSCs promote integration of bio-implants into the native bone and stimulate osteogenesis. MSCs are characterized by immunomodulatory properties, due to inflammation control and modification of immune cells. MSCs affect not only the in vivo immune response by preventing immunological rejection of implanted tissue engineering designs, but it can also influence the bone tissue immunity. MSCs play an important role in bone regeneration, by regulating the osteoblastic generation, and suppressing activity of inflammation effectors and osteoclastogenesis. Some pre-clinical and first clinical trials of bone bio-implants colonized with MSC, demonstrate promising outlooks for this strategy in order to obtain tissue engineering constructions for bone regeneration
Measurement of the response of a gallium metal solar neutrino experiment to neutrinos from a [Formula Presented] source
The neutrino capture rate measured by the Russian-American Gallium Experiment is well below that predicted by solar models. To check the response of this experiment to low-energy neutrinos, a 517 kCi source of [Formula Presented]Cr was produced by irradiating 512.7 g of 92.4%-enriched [Formula Presented]Cr in a high-flux fast neutron reactor. This source, which mainly emits monoenergetic 747-keV neutrinos, was placed at the center of a 13.1 ton target of liquid gallium and the cross section for the production of [Formula Presented]Ge by the inverse beta decay [Formula Presented] was measured to be [Formula Presented] The ratio of this cross section to the theoretical cross section of Bahcall for this reaction is 0.95 Β±0.12 [Formula Presented] (theor) and to the cross section of Haxton is 0.87Β±0.11 (expt)Β±0.09 (theor). This good agreement between prediction and observation implies that the overall experimental efficiency is correctly determined and provides considerable evidence for the reliability of the solar neutrino measurement. Β© 1999 The American Physical Society
The russian-american gallium experiment (sage) cr neutrino source measurement
The solar neutrino capture rate measured by SAGE is well below that predicted by solar models. To check the overall experimental efficiency, we exposed 13 tonnes of Ga metal to a reactor-produced 517 kCi source of 51Cr. The ratio of the measured production rate to that predicted from the source activity is 0.95+/-0.11+0.05/-0.08. This agreement verifies that the experimental efficiency is measured correctly, establishes that there are no unknown systematic errors at the 10% level, and provides considerable evidence for the reliability of the solar neutrino measurement. Β© 1996 The American Physical Society
Preliminary results from the Russian-American Gallium Experiment Cr-neutrino source measurement
The Russian-American Gallium Experiment has been collecting solar neutrino data since early 1990. The flux measurement of solar neutrinos is well below that expected from solar models. We discuss the initial results of a measurement of experimental efficiencies by exposing the gallium target to neutrinos from an artificial source. The capture rate of neutrinos from this source is very close to that which is expected. The result can be expressed as a ratio of the measured capture rate to the anticipated rate from the source activity. This ratio is 0.93 + 0.15, - 0.17 where the systematic and statistical errors have been combined. To first order the experimental efficiencies are in agreement with those determined during solar neutrino measurements and in previous auxiliary measurements. One must conclude that the discrepancy between the measured solar neutrino flux and that predicted by the solar models can not arise from an experimental artifact
CO-EXPRESSION OF MEMBRANE-BOUND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-Ξ± RECEPTORS IN MAJOR SUBPOPULATIONS OF IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AS WELL AS BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
A pleiotropic cytokine TNFΞ± is an important inflammatory mediator of a number of diseases; its biological functions are fulfilled through two different receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. Changes in the ratio between these types of receptors shifting the balance between the pro-apoptotic and proliferation signaling pathways play a crucial role in eliciting the cell response to TNFΞ±. The pathological processes in the body can alter the levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 expression on the cells involved in disease development. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the level of co-expression of type 1 and 2 TNFΞ± receptors in the major subpopulations of peripheral blood cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and bronchial asthma (BA). The greatest changes in the percentage of cells expressing TNFR1 and TNFR2 were revealed for the B-lymphocyte subpopulation. For the T-lymphocyte subpopulation, there were some differences in the percentage of cells expressing exclusively TNFR1 in RA and BA patients compared with those in healthy subjects, as well as between the RA and BA groups. A higher percentage of double-negative monocytes was observed in patients with BA and RA compared to healthy subjects. These findings indicate that the coexpression profile of TNFR1 and TNFR2 receptors in patients with RA and BA differ within these groups as well as compared to that in healthy subjects. These immune cell populations are actively involved in the pathogenesis of both rheumatoid arthritis and bronchial asthma, so the results may indicate that these cells might show different responses to TNFΞ± as the percentage and the number of receptors on their surface vary
The Russian-American gallium experiment (SAGE) Cr neutrino source measurement
No description supplie
Measurement of the response of a gallium metal solar neutrino experiment to neutrinos from a 51Cr source
The neutrino capture rate measured by the Russian-American Gallium Experiment
is well below that predicted by solar models. To check the response of this
experiment to low-energy neutrinos, a 517 kCi source of 51Cr was produced by
irradiating 512.7 g of 92.4%-enriched 50Cr in a high-flux fast neutron reactor.
This source, which mainly emits monoenergetic 747-keV neutrinos, was placed at
the center of a 13.1 tonne target of liquid gallium and the cross section for
the production of 71Ge by the inverse beta decay reaction was measured to be
(5.55 +/- 0.60 (stat.) +/- 0.32 (syst.)) x 10^(-45) cm^2. The ratio of this
cross section to the theoretical cross section of Bahcall for this reaction is
0.95 +/- 0.12 (exp.) +/- 0.03 (theor.) and to the cross section of Haxton is
0.87 +/- 0.11 (exp.) +/- 0.09 (theor.).
This good agreement between prediction and observation implies that the
overall experimental efficiency for the solar neutrino measurements is
correctly determined and provides considerable evidence for the reliability of
the solar neutrino measurement.Comment: 20 pages including figures in two column forma
ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The recently introduced novel drug combinations for the treatment of COPD are based on long-acting beta-agonists (vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide) and long-acting anticholinergics (olodaterol / tiotropium bromide). In addition to their beneficial clinical effects, these medications have an impact on COPD treatment costs. Minimizing the costs of highly effective medications is necessary to improve the public medical care and drug supply.Objective: to identify the key differences between vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide and olodaterol / tiotropium bromide, and evaluate the ways of minimizing health budget expenditures.Materials and methods. We used the available information from research, clinical trials, and instructions for medical use to conduct a cost analysis that was based on the prices for these medications at different levels of drug supply. As a result, the impact on the healthcare budget was determined under conditions of choosing the least expansive medication and adding vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide in the list of VED.Results. According to the network meta-analysis, when compared with mono-component drugs, vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide showed a more favorable effect on cardiovascular events, as well as a more pronounced effect on the volume of forced exhalation in the first second (FEV1). For the olodaterol / tiotropium bromide combination, no such trend was seen. The costs of 12-month therapy with vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide and with olodaterol / tiotropium bromide were 27,541 and 36,120 rubles, respectively (a difference of 24%). The average direct medical costs were 32,753 and 41,333 rubles per patient per year, respectively. If the vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide combination is added to the VED list and the manufacturerβs maximum selling price is registered at the level of the reference countries, the savings can reach 3-5%.Conclusion. In patients with severe and extremely severe COPD, and also when COPD monotherapy in patients without severe symptoms (FEV1 β₯50%, CAT <10 scores, mMRC <2) or with mild to moderate symptoms (FEV1 β₯50%) is not effective, the use of vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide in place of olodaterol / tiotropium bromide is more promising in terms of minimizing health budget spending.Β Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ (ΠΠ) Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
(Π₯ΠΠΠ) Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠ° Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ) ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ₯): Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄. ΠΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΠΠΠ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΠ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΠΠΠ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»Π° + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ
Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π΄Ρ (ΠΠ€Π1); Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ + Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» ΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 27541 ΠΈ 36120 ΡΡΠ±. ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ (ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ° Π² 24%). Π‘ΡΠΌΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 32753 ΠΈ 41333 ΡΡΠ±. Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° + Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ 3-5%.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π₯ΠΠΠ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Π₯ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π· Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² (ΠΠ€Π1 β₯50%; Π‘ΠΠ’ <10 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²; mMRC <2) ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (ΠΠ€Π1 β₯50%) Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
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