Load displacement relationship for a rigid circular foundation anchored by Mindlin solutions

AbstractIn the present paper, Mindlin’s solutions are used (Mindlin, 1936)  [1] to estimate the load–displacement relationship for a circular foundation for ground anchors. Constant, linearly and parabolically varied anchor loads are applied to the foundation. The closed form analytical solutions derived by Selvadurai are used in the analysis. Effects of the length of the anchor region, its depth of location and the distribution of load within the anchor region are investigated in this article. The analytical solutions are also compared with finite element analysis and the results are given

Fibrinogen storage disease without hypofibrinogenemia associated with estrogen therapy

BACKGROUND: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within hepatocytes may have different etiologies, including the Endoplasmic Reticulum Storage Diseases (ERSDs). ERSD is a pathological condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of proteins destined for secretion in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes; it may be congenital (primary) or acquired (secondary). Fibrinogen storage disease is a form of ERSD. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of fibrinogen storage disease secondary to estrogen replacement therapy. Its causal relationship to the drug is shown by histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of paired liver biopsies obtained during and after the drug therapy. CONCLUSION: The liver biopsies of patients with idiopathic liver enzyme abnormalities should be carefully evaluated for cytoplasmic inclusion bodies and, although rare, fibrinogen deposits

Peroxisome proliferators-activated alpha agonist treatment ameliorates hepatic damage in rats with obstructive jaundice: an experimental study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activation modulates cholesterol metabolism and suppresses bile acid synthesis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of short-term administration of fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist, on proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and hepatocellular damage in cholestasis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: I = sham operated, II = bile duct ligation (BDL), III = BDL + vehicle (gum Arabic), IV = BDL + fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day). All rats were sacrificed on 7^thday after obtaining blood samples and liver tissue. Total bilirubin, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase, (GGT), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 β), and total bile acid (TBA) in serum, and liver damage scores; portal inflammation, necrosis, bile duct number, in liver tissue were evaluated. Apoptosis in liver was also assessed by immunohistochemical staining.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fenofibrate administration significantly reduced serum total bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT, TNF-α, IL-1 β levels, and TBA (<it>P </it>< 0.01). Hepatic portal inflammation, hepatic necrosis, number of the bile ducts and apoptosis in rats with BDL were more prominent than the sham-operated animals (<it>P </it>< 0.01). PPARα induction improved all histopathologic parameters (<it>P </it>< 0.01), except for the number of the bile duct, which was markedly increased by fenofibrate therapy (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Short-term administration of fenofibrate to the BDL rats exerts beneficial effects on hepatocellular damage and apoptosis.</p

Liquefaction behavior of silt sand mixtures and post liquefaction volumetric strain properties [Silt kum kari§imlarinin sivila§ma davram§i ve sivila§ma sonrasi hacimsel deformasyon ozellikleri]

In this study, the liquefaction behavior silty sand mixtures and volumetric deformation properties were investigated. The study was implemented on samples of silt sand mixtures obtained during an excavation at Bayrakh, Izmir, Turkey. In order to investigate the liquefaction behavior of silty sand, undrained cyclic triaxial compression tests were carried out according to JGS 0542-2000, for 8 different fines contents (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100%). To determine the volumetric deformation properties, the water content change was measured by allowing drainage into a burette upon completion of a cyclic test. The liquefaction criteria was determined by using intergranular-interfine void ratios. A threshold fines content to serve as liquefaction criterion has also been determined. The volumetric deformation properties behavior were reviewed depending on the silt content

Liquefaction behavior and post-liquefaction volumetric strain properties of low plasticity silt sand mixtures

In this paper, the liquefaction behavior of silt-sand mixtures and post-liquefaction volumetric deformation properties were investigated. The study was performed on silt sand mixtures which were obtained during a foundation excavation in Bayrakh region of Izmir city in Turkey. In the study, undrained cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on samples having 8 different silt contents (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100%) in conformity with JGS 0542-2000 standard in order to reveal the effect of silt content on the liquefaction resistance of the samples. At the end of tests, output water amounts were measured with the help of a burette by opening the drainage valves in order to determine the volumetric deformation properties of the samples. In the liquefaction experiments, along with the increased silt contents the liquefaction criteria were determined by the void ratio concept between the coarse and fine grains instead of the relative density concept. With this perspective, threshold silt content in the liquefaction resistance of silt sand mixtures was also determined. The post-liquefaction volumetric deformation behavior of the samples was interpreted depending on the silt content