89 research outputs found
Polarization dependence of semiconductor exciton and biexciton contributions to phase-resolved optical two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectra
We study the coherent light-matter interactions of GaAs quantum wells
associated with excitons, biexcitons and many-body effects. For most
polarization configurations, excitonic features dominate the phase-resolved
two-dimensional Fourier-transform (2DFT) spectra and have dispersive
lineshapes, indicating the presence of many-body interactions. For cross-linear
excitation, excitonic features become weak and absorptive due to the strong
suppression of many-body effects; a result that can not be directly determined
in transient four-wave mixing experiments. The biexcitonic features do not
weaken for cross-polarized excitation and thus are more important.Comment: 4 page, 3 figures, journal article - rapid communicatio
All-optical retrieval of the global phase for two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectroscopy
A combination of spatial interference patterns and spectral interferometry
are used to find the global phase for non-collinear two-dimensional
Fourier-transform (2DFT) spectra. Results are compared with those using the
spectrally resolved transient absorption (STRA) method to find the global phase
when excitation is with co-linear polarization. Additionally cross-linear
polarized 2DFT spectra are correctly phased using the all-optical technique,
where the SRTA is not applicable.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, journal publicatio
Optical Detection of a Single Nuclear Spin
We propose a method to optically detect the spin state of a 31-P nucleus
embedded in a 28-Si matrix. The nuclear-electron hyperfine splitting of the
31-P neutral-donor ground state can be resolved via a direct frequency
discrimination measurement of the 31-P bound exciton photoluminescence using
single photon detectors. The measurement time is expected to be shorter than
the lifetime of the nuclear spin at 4 K and 10 T.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Coherent two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy using a 25 Tesla resistive magnet.
We performed nonlinear optical two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy measurements using an optical resistive high-field magnet on GaAs quantum wells. Magnetic fields up to 25 T can be achieved using the split helix resistive magnet. Two-dimensional spectroscopy measurements based on the coherent four-wave mixing signal require phase stability. Therefore, these measurements are difficult to perform in environments prone to mechanical vibrations. Large resistive magnets use extensive quantities of cooling water, which causes mechanical vibrations, making two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy very challenging. Here, we report on the strategies we used to overcome these challenges and maintain the required phase-stability throughout the measurement. A self-contained portable platform was used to set up the experiments within the time frame provided by a user facility. Furthermore, this platform was floated above the optical table in order to isolate it from vibrations originating from the resistive magnet. Finally, we present two-dimensional Fourier transform spectra obtained from GaAs quantum wells at magnetic fields up to 25 T and demonstrate the utility of this technique in providing important details, which are obscured in one dimensional spectroscopy
Electron-Phonon Interaction in Tetrahedral Semiconductors
Effects of electron-phonon interactions on the band structure can be
experimentally investigated in detail by measuring the temperature dependence
of energy gaps or critical points (van Hove singularities) of the optical
excitation spectra. These studies have been complemented in recent years by
observing the dependence of such spectra on isotopic mass whenever different
stable isotopes of a given atom are available at affordable prices. In crystals
composed of different atoms, the effect of the vibration of each separate atom
can thus be investigated by isotopic substitution. Because of the zero-point
vibrations, such effects are present even at zero temperature (T = 0). In this
paper we discuss state-of-the-art calculations of the dielectric function
spectra and compare them with experimental results, with emphasis on the
differences introduced by the electron-phonon interaction. The temperature
dependence of various optical parameters will be described by means of one or
two (in a few cases three) Einstein oscillators, except at the lowest
temperatures where the T4 law (contrary to the Varshini T2 result) will be
shown to apply. Increasing an isotopic mass increases the energy gaps, except
in the case of monovalent Cu (e.g., CuCl) and possibly Ag (e.g., AgGaS2). It
will be shown that the gaps of tetrahedral materials containing an element of
the first row of the periodic table (C,N,O) are strongly affected by the
electron-phonon interaction. It will be conjectured that this effect is related
to the superconductivity recently observed in heavily boron-doped carbon.Comment: 17 pages, 17 fifure
Electron-phonon renormalization of the absorption edge of the cuprous halides
Compared to most tetrahedral semiconductors, the temperature dependence of
the absorption edges of the cuprous halides (CuCl, CuBr, CuI) is very small.
CuCl and CuBr show a small increase of the gap with increasing
temperature, with a change in the slope of vs. at around 150 K: above
this temperature, the variation of with becomes even smaller. This
unusual behavior has been clarified for CuCl by measurements of the low
temperature gap vs. the isotopic masses of both constituents, yielding an
anomalous negative shift with increasing copper mass. Here we report the
isotope effects of Cu and Br on the gap of CuBr, and that of Cu on the gap of
CuI. The measured isotope effects allow us to understand the corresponding
temperature dependences, which we also report, to our knowledge for the first
time, in the case of CuI. These results enable us to develop a more
quantitative understanding of the phenomena mentioned for the three halides,
and to interpret other anomalies reported for the temperature dependence of the
absorption gap in copper and silver chalcogenides; similarities to the behavior
observed for the copper chalcopyrites are also pointed out.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Probing Interband Coulomb Interactions in Semiconductor Nanocrystals with 2D Double-Quantum Coherence Spectroscopy
Using previously developed exciton scattering model accounting for the
interband, i.e., exciton-biexciton, Coulomb interactions in semiconductor
nanocrystals (NCs), we derive a closed set of equations for 2D double-quantum
coherence signal. The signal depends on the Liouville space pathways which
include both the interband scattering processes and the inter- and intraband
optical transitions. These processes correspond to the formation of different
cross-peaks in the 2D spectra. We further report on our numerical calculations
of the 2D signal using reduced level scheme parameterized for PbSe NCs. Two
different NC excitation regimes considered and unique spectroscopic features
associated with the interband Coulomb interactions are identified.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
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