Evaluation of physicochemical, microbiological, sensory properties and aroma profiles of goat cheeses provided from Canakkale

The purpose of this study was to determine physicochemical and sensory properties, aroma-active compounds and number of lactic acid bacteria in goat cheeses. High variation was observed among the cheeses in terms of fat %(w/w) and salt %(w/w) contents and titratable acidities %(w/w). Average counts of lactococci lactobacilli and enterococci were 6.90, 6.43 and 5.26 log cfu (colony-forming unit)/g, respectively. The following compounds had high aroma intensity in the cheeses: acetic acid, butanoic acid, hexanoic acid, p-cresol and phenyl acetic acid. Cooked, whey, creamy, animal-like, waxy, salty and sour were the characteristic sensory descriptors. © 2017 Society of Dairy Technolog

Determination of the Sensory Attributes of Dried Milk Powders and Dairy Ingredients

A standardized descriptive language for skim milk powder and dried dairy ingredients was developed. The lexicon was initially identified from a large sample set of dried dairy ingredients (138). A highly trained descriptive panel (n = 14) refined terms and identified references. Dried dairy ingredients (36) were then evaluated using the developed language. Twenty-one descriptors were identified for dried dairy ingredients. Seventeen flavors and tastes were identified in skim milk powders (27) with nine flavors/tastes observed in all skim milk powders. Dried dairy ingredients were differentiated using the language (

Fuzzy c-means clustering-based key performance indicator design for warehouse loading operations

Performance measurements are important motivators in evaluating a company's strategy. The performance improvement process starts with the measurement of the current situation. Therefore, companies use various metric quantities for the efficiency and productivity of warehouse management. Recently, many studies have been conducted on key performance indicators. In this study, an artificial intelligence-aided key performance indicator is intended for the loading performance of a warehouse, and the analysis is performed based on various scenarios. In the pre-processing phase, five inputs are taken as the unit price, monthly demand quantities, the number of products loaded from the warehouse, the demand that cannot be loaded on time, and the average delay times of the products that cannot be loaded on time. The outputs of the pre-processing phase are clustered using a fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Then a key performance indicator for the warehouse loading operations is proposed using the fuzzy c-means clustering result. Researchers and engineers can easily use the proposed scheme to achieve efficiency in warehouse loading management. © 2021Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK: 1507 – 7180837The authors thank to TUBITAK 1507 – 7180837 Research Project for partly supporting of this study

Metaheuristics approaches for the travelling salesman problem on a spherical surface

Traveling salesman problem in which all the vertices are assumed to be on a spherical surface is a special case of the conventional travelling salesman problem. There are exact and approximate algorithms for the travelling salesman problem. As the solution time is a performance parameter in most real-time applications, approximate algorithms always have an important area of research for both researchers and engineers. In this chapter, approximate algorithms based on heuristic methods are considered for the travelling salesman problem on the sphere. Firstly, 28 test instances were newly generated on the unit sphere. Then, using various heuristic methods such as genetic algorithms, ant colony optimization, and fluid genetic algorithms, the initial solutions for solving test instances of the traveling salesman problem are obtained in Matlab®. Then, the initial heuristic solutions are used as input for the 2-opt algorithm. The performances and time complexities of the applied methods are analyzed as a conclusion. © 2021, IGI Global