Closed-Loop Manufacturing System Using Radar

A closed-loop manufacturing system is designed to use small, low-cost radar to observe a manufacturing process and measure characteristics of a build product. The build data measured by the radar includes geometry, reflection characteristics, material density, and high resolution maps. A controller processes the build data to detect errors. Example errors include mistakes in geometry, delamination, curling, shrinkage, lack of material uniformity, air bubbles, inclusions, and contaminations in the build product. Based on the detected errors, the controller determines build corrections and reports the build corrections to the manufacturing process. Using radar, the closed-loop manufacturing system automatically detects and corrects errors, saving time and resources in additive and subtractive manufacturing

Embedding Radars in Robots for Safety and Obstacle Detection

A safety system is designed to use small, low-cost radars embedded in joints and end effectors of a robot to monitor an environment for potential safety hazards. In this way, the radars directly detect obstacles with respect to the moving parts of the robot. A safety controller analyzes the obstacle data provided by the radars and determines an appropriate operating state of the robot based on predefined safety requirements

Embedding Radars in Robots to Accurately Measure Motion

A motion correction system is designed to use small, low-cost radars embedded in joints and end effectors of a robot to measure motion of the robot. In this way, the radars directly measure the robot’s motion and relative position and velocity with respect to a target. A motion correction controller analyzes the motion data provided by the radars and determines an amount of motion correction required to accurately position the robot

»Programmable« Selective Inexpensive Potentiometric Detector for Flow Injection Analysis. Potassium Determination with a Nafion Membrane Modified Electrode

The study of a nafion membrane (ISE membrane) for the inexpensive potentiometric detection of potassium ion in a flow injection system is reported. The nafion membrane doped with potassium ion showed that excellent selectivity could be achieved for various cations, except for Rb+, and some interference for Cs+. A linear potential response of 10-2 - 10~® M for the potassium ion was obtained with a detection limit of about 0.5 x 10-6 M. This approach can be employed for constructing a potentiometric detector for virtually any cation (soluble at basic pH values) by simply changing the electrode pretreatment (or doping solution)

Design, Fabrication and Characterization of an Autonomous, Sub-millimeter Scale Modular Robot

<p>A 1mm diameter, cylindrical, autonomous, modular robot has been designed: its manufacturing and assembly techniques have been developed; and its operation has been demonstrated. The robot, called a catom, is the first step toward realizing the basic unit of Claytronics, a modular robotic system designed to scale to millions of units.</p

Hypericum perforatum L.: A Potent Antioxidant Source for the Treatment of Oxidized Dentin: An Experimental In Vitro Study

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic antioxidant effect of Hypericum perforatum L. (HPL) extract on oxidized dentin as well as to address the following research question: Is experimental HPL-derived antioxidant treatment protocol as effective as sodium ascorbate in terms of reversing the compromised resin bonding to bleached dentin? Materials and Methods: Eighty bovine permanent mandibular incisors were included in the shear bond strength (SBS) test and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 20) as follows: negative control (NC), positive control (PC), sodium ascorbate (SA), and Hypericum perforatum L. (HPL). Group NC did not receive bleaching treatment. All specimens except the NC group were oxidized by bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Experimental antioxidant solutions were prepared from SA powder and HPL extract at 10% concentrations. The bleached specimens in the SA and HPL groups were treated with respective antioxidant solutions. The SBS test was performed at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The SBS data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance using the post-hoc Bonferroni correction. The total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of HPL extract were assessed by using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging activity test, respectively. Results: Considering the SBS test results, statistically significant the highest and the lowest mean values were observed in NC and PC, respectively (P .05). The total phenolic content (104 1.740 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/gram (GAE/g) dry HPL extract) and the antioxidant activity of the HPL extract were demonstrated. Conclusions: The natural HPL plant extract was as effective as SA in reversing the compromised resin bonding to bleached dentin. Antioxidant treatment derived from the HPL extract may enable immediate resin restoration of oxidized dentin

Stress-driven MEMS Assembly + Electrostatic Forces = 1mm Diameter Robot

Abstract — As the size of the modules in a self-reconfiguring modular robotic system shrinks and the number of modules increases, the flexibility of the system as a whole increases. In this paper, we describe the manufacturing methods and mechanisms for a 1 millimeter diameter module which can be manufactured en masse. The module is the first step towards realizing the basic unit of claytronics, a modular robotic system designed to scale to millions of units. I