SpatialData IO: A Web-based Spatial Data Customization Tool for Collection of Area of Interest Information

Ruumiandmete pärimiseks teenusepakkujalt tuleb kasutajal tihti kirjeldata huvipiirkond (Area of Interest, AOI) mingis ruumiandmete vormingus. Kasutajal on mitmeid viise, kuidas selliseid andmeid esitada. Üheks võimaluseks on ruumiandmete salvestamine faili mõnes ruumiandmete vormingus või siis laadida veebist alla terved asjakohased andmestikud. Kuna ruumiandmete vorming on tehniliselt detailiderohke, siis on kirjeldatud lähenemine ebapraktiline. Näiteks pole mõistlik käsitsi kirjeldata suure hulga hoonete või taristuobjektide paiknemist. Teisalt võib terviklikus andmestikus olla liiga palju teavet, mida pole käsil oleva ülesande lahendamiseks vaja. Lisaks võivad andmed olla erinevates vormingutes, näiteks geojson, kml, shp jt. Seega on ruumiandmete mugav kirjeldamine lõppkasutajale suure lisandväärtusega. Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärk on arendada vabavaraline kasutajasõbralik veebipõhine lahendus, mis aitab kasutajatel, kes pole geoinfosüsteemide spetsialistid, kirjeldada huvipiirkondi graafiliselt nii, et mitmed abistavad toimingud tehakse ära taustal. Pärast vastavate andmete töötlemist saavad kasutajad tulemust kaardil visualiseerimise abil kontrollida. Tulemus on alla laetav erinevates ruumivormingutes. Töö tulemuseks on testitud rakendus huvipiirkondade kirjeldamiseks.To get services from some spatial data analysis service provider, a user often needs to specify the area of interest (AOI) to the provider in some spatial data format. The user has multiple ways to express their wish to collect AOI information. One is writing all information in a file according to the spatial data format or download datasets from the world wide web. Due to the technically detailed structure of spatial data, first one is too complicated and time-consuming for a non-specialist to write manually; for example, writing location information for 1000 buildings, roads or rail line of a city. On the other hand, a full dataset may include unnecessary location data, few of them may be small, big or over-lap with other objects. Additionally, data can be in different data formats, e.g. geojson, kml, shp etc. So it is quite challenging for the user to quickly understand and modify the spatial data according to their need. The goal of this thesis is to develop a free and open-source user-friendly web solution for non GIS specialist end-users so that they can solve above-mentioned problems graphically with the help of performing different spatial operations in the background. After processing those data end-users will be able to visualize and check the processed data on the map and it will be available for download in different spatial data formats as well. The expected outcome of this application is to provide a graphical solution for the user to perform different geospatial operation for collecting in-formation for the AOI. That will help users to send clean and specific information regarding AOI to their desired providers

Controlled Electrokinetic Particle Manipulation using Paper-and-Pencil Microfluidics

Dielectrophoresis is a very promising technique for particle manipulation on a chip. In this study, we demonstrate a controlled mannuvering of polystryrene particles on a simple paper-and-pencil based device by exploiting the underlying electrokinetics with primary contribution from dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces. On contrary to other reported DEP devices, the present configuration does not demand a shophitcated laboratory module for creating a non-uniform electric field, which is essential requirement in DEP settings. We demonstrate positive dielectrophoresis (pDEP) to trap 1 um size polystyrene particle for low-conductivity suspending medium, at an applied field strength of 100 V/cm. In addition, the switching of the trapping direction (positive to negative dielectrophoresis) can be simply achieved by manipulating the conductivity of the media. We further bring out an optimum range of pH for effective particle trapping. These results have significant implications towards designing cell-on-a-chip based point of care diagnostic devices for resource limited settings.Comment: 21 page

Video trajectory analysis using unsupervised clustering and multi-criteria ranking

Surveillance camera usage has increased significantly for visual surveillance. Manual analysis of large video data recorded by cameras may not be feasible on a larger scale. In various applications, deep learning-guided supervised systems are used to track and identify unusual patterns. However, such systems depend on learning which may not be possible. Unsupervised methods relay on suitable features and demand cluster analysis by experts. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised trajectory clustering method referred to as t-Cluster. Our proposed method prepares indexes of object trajectories by fusing high-level interpretable features such as origin, destination, path, and deviation. Next, the clusters are fused using multi-criteria decision making and trajectories are ranked accordingly. The method is able to place abnormal patterns on the top of the list. We have evaluated our algorithm and compared it against competent baseline trajectory clustering methods applied to videos taken from publicly available benchmark datasets. We have obtained higher clustering accuracies on public datasets with significantly lesser computation overhead

Electrokinetic Energy Harvesting using Paper and Pencil

We exploit the combinatorial advantage of electrokinetics and tortutosity of cellulose-based paper network on a laboratory grade filter paper for the development of a simple, inexpensive, yet extremely robust (shows constant performance till 12 days) paper-and-pencil-based device for energy harvesting application. We successfully achieve to harvest maximum output power of 640 pW in single channel, while the same is significantly improved (by about 100 times) with the use of multichannel microfluidic array (maximum up to 20 channels). We envisage that such ultra-low cost devices may turn out to be extremely useful in energizing analytical microdevices in resource limited settings, for instance for extreme point of care diagnostics applications.Comment: 12 page

Differences in level of confidence in diabetes care between different groups of trainees: the TOPDOC diabetes study

Background There is an increasing prevalence of diabetes. Doctors in training, irrespective of specialty, will have patients with diabetes under their care. The aim of this further evaluation of the TOPDOC Diabetes Study data was to identify if there was any variation in confidence in managing diabetes depending on the geographical location of trainees and career aspirations. Methods An online national survey using a pre-validated questionnaire was administered to trainee doctors. A 4-point confidence rating scale was used to rate confidence in managing aspects of diabetes care and a 6-point scale used to quantify how often trainees would contribute to the management of patients with diabetes. Responses were grouped depending on which UK country trainees were based and their intended career choice. Results Trainees in Northern Ireland reported being less confident in IGT diagnosis, use of IV insulin and peri-operative management and were less likely to adjust oral treatment, contact specialist, educate lifestyle, and optimise treatment. Trainees in Scotland were less likely to contact a specialist, but more likely to educate on lifestyle, change insulin, and offer follow-up advice. In Northern Ireland, Undergraduate (UG) and Postgraduate (PG) training in diagnosis was felt less adequate, PG training in emergencies less adequate, and reporting of need for further training higher. Trainees in Wales felt UG training to be inadequate. In Scotland more trainees felt UG training in diagnosis and optimising treatment was inadequate. Physicians were more likely to report confidence in managing patients with diabetes and to engage in different aspects of diabetes care. Aspiring physicians were less likely to feel the need for more training in diabetes care; however a clear majority still felt they needed more training in all aspects of care. Conclusions Doctors in training have poor confidence levels dealing with diabetes related care issues. Although there is variability between different groups of trainees according to geographical location and career aspirations, this is a UK wide issue. There should be a UK wide standardised approach to improving training for junior doctors in diabetes care with local training guided by specific needs.</p

Probing liquid surface waves, liquid properties and liquid films with light diffraction

Surface waves on liquids act as a dynamical phase grating for incident light. In this article, we revisit the classical method of probing such waves (wavelengths of the order of mm) as well as inherent properties of liquids and liquid films on liquids, using optical diffraction. A combination of simulation and experiment is proposed to trace out the surface wave profiles in various situations (\emph{eg.} for one or more vertical, slightly immersed, electrically driven exciters). Subsequently, the surface tension and the spatial damping coefficient (related to viscosity) of a variety of liquids are measured carefully in order to gauge the efficiency of measuring liquid properties using this optical probe. The final set of results deal with liquid films where dispersion relations, surface and interface modes, interfacial tension and related issues are investigated in some detail, both theoretically and experimentally. On the whole, our observations and analyses seem to support the claim that this simple, low--cost apparatus is capable of providing a wealth of information on liquids and liquid surface waves in a non--destructive way.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figures, to appear in Measurement Science and Technology (IOP