Communication assembly for optical cableless linking

Táto diplomová práca je o komunikačnom module pre optické bezdrátové siete. Tento modul sníma data z RS232 a dvoch analógových vstupov a posiela ich cez internet na vzdialený počítač. Ďalej umožňuje prenos zvuku medzi užívatežom obsluhujúceho modul a užívatežom na vzdialenom počítači. Zariadenie umožňuje komunikáciu pomocou štandartdných sluchátok a mikrofónu,alebo pomocou Bluetooth Handsfree. Základná súčiastka je mikroprocesor MCF5223 a Bluetooth modul Ezurio BISM II. Zdrojový kód je napísaný v jazyku C. Doska plošného spoje je navrhnutá v programe Eagle. Modul sa ovláda pomocou webového rozhrania a nadstavenia sa ukladaju do pamäti EEPROM. Práca obsahuje popis funkcie jednotlivých súčiastok a blokov,zdrojový kód programu, popis zdrojového kódu a schémy plošných spojov.This Graduate Thesis is about communication module for optical wireless network. This device read data from RS232 port and two analog inputs and sends it through internet to a remote Computer. Furthermore allows voice communication between local user on module and user on remote computer. Device allows communication with standard headphones and microphone, or with Bluetooth handsfree. Basic part is microprocessor MCF5223 and Bluetooth Ezurio BISM II module. Control program has been written in C language. Printed circuit is created by EAGLE program. This device is managed via web interface and settings have been stored into EEPROM memory. Work contains description of separately parts and blocks, source code of program, description of source code and printed circuit designs.

UV-Induced Nanoparticles-Formation, Properties and Their Potential Role in Origin of Life

Inorganic nanoparticles might have played a vital role in the transition from inorganic chemistry to self-sustaining living systems. Such transition may have been triggered or controlled by processes requiring not only versatile catalysts but also suitable reaction surfaces. Here, experimental results showing that multicolor quantum dots might have been able to participate as catalysts in several specific and nonspecific reactions, relevant to the prebiotic chemistry are demonstrated. A very fast and easy UV-induced formation of ZnCd quantum dots (QDs) with a quantum yield of up to 47% was shown to occur 5 min after UV exposure of the solution containing Zn(II) and Cd(II) in the presence of a thiol capping agent. In addition to QDs formation, xanthine activity was observed in the solution. The role of solar radiation to induce ZnCd QDs formation was replicated during a stratospheric balloon flight

CubeSats in Support of Astrophysics, GRBAlpha and Beyond

Space science, including the field of astrophysics, is continuously finding innovative use cases for small satellites and CubeSat platforms. These missions support efforts in the democratisation and improved accessibility of space technologies. GRBAlpha, as one of such missions, is a 1U CubeSat carrying an experimental payload for the detection of gamma-ray bursts (GRB)

GRBAlpha: the smallest astrophysical space observatory -- Part 1: Detector design, system description and satellite operations

Aims. Since launched on 2021 March 22, the 1U-sized CubeSat GRBAlpha operates and collects scientific data on high-energy transients, making it the smallest astrophysical space observatory to date. GRBAlpha is an in-obit demonstration of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) detector concept suitably small to fit into a standard 1U volume. As it was demonstrated in a companion paper, GRBAlpha adds significant value to the scientific community with accurate characterization of bright GRBs, including the recent outstanding event of GRB 221009A. Methods. The GRB detector is a 75x75x5 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator wrapped in a reflective foil (ESR) read out by an array of SiPM detectors, multi-pixel photon counters by Hamamatsu, driven by two separate, redundant units. To further protect the scintillator block from sunlight and protect the SiPM detectors from particle radiation, we apply a multi-layer structure of Tedlar wrapping, anodized aluminium casing and a lead-alloy shielding on one edge of the assembly. The setup allows observations of gamma radiation within the energy range of 70-890 keV with an energy resolution of ~30%. Results. Here, we summarize the system design of the GRBAlpha mission, including the electronics and software components of the detector, some aspects of the platform as well as the current way of semi-autonomous operations. In addition, details are given about the raw data products and telemetry in order to encourage the community for expansion of the receiver network for our initiatives with GRBAlpha and related experiments.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 9 pages, 10 figure

Bone mineral density and accelerometer-determined habitual physical activity and inactivity in postmenopausal women [Kostní denzita a habituální pohybová aktivita a inaktivita u postmenopauzálních žen]

BACKGROUND: In postmenopausal women, physical activity appears to be important in preventing loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis and thus contributes to the reduction of fracture risk. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the differences in habitual physical activity, physical inactivity and meeting physical activity recommendations between women with normal femoral BMD and women with osteopenia. METHODS: Out of the ninety-two postmenopausal women analyzed in this study, 72.8% women had normal femoral BMD and 27.2% women were osteopenic. Their BMD and body composition were measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. The region of interest was the total proximal femur. Seven days of physical activity were objectively assessed by using the ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer. Daily activity and inactivity logs were used for the participants to self-record their times (minutes) when the accelerometer was worn and follow activity and inactivity patterns. RESULTS: Women with normal BMD spent significantly more hours/day being active than women with osteopenia. On theother hand, women with osteopenia perform significantly more household-related PA. According to the physical inactivity analysis, women with osteopenia spent significantly more minutes/week while doing different mental activities (reading, doing crossword puzzles, etc.) in a sitting position than women with normal BMD. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the results of this study show the differences in physical activity and physical inactivity in women with different femoral BMD.[VÝCHODISKA: U postmenopauzálních žen je pohybová aktivita důležitá jako prevence úbytku kostní denzity a osteoporózy a přispívá tak ke snížování rizika zlomenin. CÍLE: Cílem této průřezové studie bylo zjištění, zda existují rozdíly v habituální pohybové aktivitě, pohybové inaktivitě a v plnění doporučení k pohybové aktivitě mezi ženami s normální femorální denzitou a ženami s osteopenií. METODIKA: Z 92 žen, jejichž výsledky byly zahrnuty do této studie, bylo v pásmu normálních hodnot T-skóre proximálního femuru 72,8 % žen a u 27,2 % žen dosahovaly hodnoty T-skóre osteopenie. Denzitometrické vyšetření proximálního femuru, stejně tak diagnostika vybraných tělesných složek, byla uskutečněna metodou duální rentgenové absorpciometrie (DXA). Sedmidenní pohybová aktivita byla monitorována pomocí přístroje ActiGraph GT1M. Údaje o denních aktivitách a inaktivitách a času, kdy byl přístroj nošen, byly probandy zapisovány do speciálních záznamových archů. VÝSLEDKY: Ženy s normální femorální denzitou byly celkově pohybově aktivnější než ženy s osteopenií, avšak ženy s osteopenií strávily signifikantně více času aktivitou spojenou s domácností. Z analýzy pohybové inaktivity vyplynulo, že ženy s osteopenií strávily sezením (při čtení, luštění křížovek apod.) signifikantně více času ne�� ženy s normální kostní denzitou. ZÁVĚRY: Výsledky této studie prokázaly rozdíly v pohybové aktivitě a inaktivitě mezi ženami s rozdílnou femorální denzitou.

GRBAlpha: The smallest astrophysical space observatory

Aims. Since it launched on 22 March 2021, the 1U-sized CubeSat GRBAlpha operates and collects scientific data on high-energy transients, making it the smallest astrophysical space observatory to date. GRBAlpha is an in-orbit demonstration of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) detector concept suitably small to fit into a standard 1U volume. As was demonstrated in a companion paper, GRBAlpha adds significant value to the scientific community with accurate characterization of bright GRBs, including the recent outstanding event of GRB 221009A. Methods. The GRB detector is a 75 × 75 × 5 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator wrapped in a reflective foil (ESR) read out by an array of SiPM detectors, multi-pixel photon counters by Hamamatsu, driven by two separate redundant units. To further protect the scintillator block from sunlight and protect the SiPM detectors from particle radiation, we applied a multi-layer structure of Tedlar wrapping, anodized aluminium casing, and a lead-alloy shielding on one edge of the assembly. The setup allows observations of gamma radiation within the energy range of 70–890 keV with an energy resolution of ~30%. Results. Here, we summarize the system design of the GRBAlpha mission, including the electronics and software components of the detector, some aspects of the platform, and the current semi-autonomous operations. In addition, details are given about the raw data products and telemetry in order to encourage the community to expand the receiver network for our initiatives with GRBAlpha and related experiments