The psychological wellbeing outcomes of nonpharmacological interventions for older persons with insomnia symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nonpharmacological treatment of insomnia in older persons has been associated with reduced insomnia symptoms and increased psychological wellbeing. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether nonpharmacological interventions can promote wellbeing indicators in older persons who experience insomnia symptoms and investigated the components of these interventions. Twenty studies met inclusion criteria. Psychological wellbeing outcomes included symptoms of depression, anxiety, mental health-related quality of life, and fatigue. Interventions significantly reduced depression and fatigue symptoms in most of the studies that included these outcomes. Findings of our qualitative analysis suggest that mindfulness-based interventions in particularcan potentially reduce depression symptoms in older persons with insomnia symptoms. Meta-analyses of studies that included psychological wellbeing outcomes showed small-medium weighted mean effects indicating reductions in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and fatigue. The results suggest that nonpharmacological interventions for older persons with insomnia symptoms can potentially reduce depression and fatigue symptoms and highlight interventions that may be particularly valuable for this purpose

Participatory arts interventions promote interpersonal and intergroup prosocial intentions in middle childhood

We report the results of two experiments which test the potential of arts engagement for promoting prosocial intentions. Experiment 1 (N = 216) tested the impact of a participatory arts intervention (vs. a control condition) on children's empathy and interpersonal prosocial intentions. Experiment 2 (N = 174) tested the impact of a participatory arts intervention (vs. a control condition) on children's prosocial intentions toward outgroup members under competitive and non-competitive conditions. Experiment 1 showed that the participatory arts intervention significantly increased children's interpersonal prosocial intentions, but not their empathy. Experiment 2 showed that, under competitive conditions, the participatory arts intervention significantly increased prosocial intentions toward outgroup members, an effect that persisted for six months beyond the intervention. Under non-competitive conditions, the participatory arts intervention consolidated improvements in prosocial intentions toward outgroup members. Overall, the results confirm the hypothesis that participatory arts engagement can promote prosocial intentions during middle childhood

You get us, so you like us: Feeling understood by an outgroup predicts more positive intergroup relations via perceived positive regard

This is the final version. Available on open access from the American Psychological Association via the DOI in this recordAvailability of Data, code, and materials: Data, code, and materials, including all stimuli and measures for each study, can be found on the project Open Science Framework site at https://osf.io/neahv/?view_only=b16847c8900646d0b0630406c13c5b9eIntergroup felt understanding—the belief that outgroup members understand and accept ingroup perspectives—has been found to predict positive intergroup outcomes, but the mechanism through which it has its positive effects is unclear. Across eight studies, we tested the hypothesis that felt positive regard—the perception that outgroup members like and respect ingroup members—mediates the positive effects of felt understanding on outcomes like outgroup trust. Studies 1–6 (total N = 1,366) included cross-sectional and experimental designs and a range of intergroup settings such as Sunni–Shia relations in Lebanon, gender relations, and support for “Brexit” in the United Kingdom. Results of meta-analytic structural equation models across these studies provided evidence of the indirect effect of felt understanding via felt positive regard on outcomes including trust and positive relational emotions. Study 7 (N = 307) then tested the causal effect of felt positive regard through a direct manipulation. Findings confirmed that felt positive (vs. negative) regard did lead to more positive intergroup perceptions. Finally, Study 8 (N = 410) tested the indirect effect as a within-person change process using a year-long, two-wave study of the conflict in Chile between Indigenous Mapuche and Non-Indigenous Chileans: Change over time in felt understanding indirectly predicted change over time in trust via change in felt positive regard. We consider the theoretical implications of the findings for how intergroup relations may be improved and the possibilities presented by felt understanding for intervention development.Interdisciplinary Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Studies ChileCenter for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies Chil