Mediação do professor orientada para uma experiência reconstrutiva : colagens digitais numa perspectiva de ressignificação de imagens

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rossano SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/11/2020Inclui referências: p. 217-223Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo central analisar como o processo de ressignificação de imagens poderia contribuir para a ampliação de atitude reconstrutiva de estudantes da educação básica a partir de experimentação com colagem digital na disciplina de Arte. Como metodologia de trabalho, foi desenvolvida pela professora-pesquisadora uma intervenção pedagógica junto a estudantes de ensino médio de uma escola pública situada no município de Jaguariaíva/PR. Mediante abordagem de ensino que parte de uma perspectiva autorreflexiva em relação às manifestações da cultura visual presentes na vida dos estudantes, os caminhos desta investigação foram orientados a partir da seguinte problemática: De que maneira a mediação docente poderia gerar experiências reconstrutivas afetando aqueles que delas partilham, a começar pelo próprio agente propositor da ação? Para a etapa de coleta e análise de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: caderno de anotações da professora-pesquisadora, assim como elementos orais, escritos e visuais dos participantes. Sobre os resultados observados, pôde-se verificar que as proposições desenvolvidas neste projeto contribuíram para o favorecimento da autoconsciência do estudante através do exercício da ressignificação de suas narrativas com a apropriação de imagens que habitam e dialogam com as suas versões e visões sobre o mundo. Embora os estudantes pertençam à geração de usuários habituados ao uso de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, o presente estudo aponta para horizontes possíveis em relação às discussões acerca da cultura de consumo e uso de ferramentas digitais para produção reflexiva de conteúdos. Por fim, a relevância do estudo também se configura na problematização de questões relativas à cultura visual pelo viés do letramento midiático na educação, de maneira que esse trabalho possa contribuir com os estudos relacionados aos modos de percepção de determinadas fontes de imagem em relação à construção das representações sociais de diferentes épocas e lugares, provocando os estudantes a refletirem sobre como a linguagem visual presente em diferentes mídias digitais imbrica-se nos aspectos reforçadores de narrativas tanto dominantes quanto marginais de diferentes contextos sociais. Palavras-chave: Mediação. Cultura visual. Colagem digital. Intervenção pedagógica. Experiência reconstrutiva.Abstract: The main objective of this research was to analyze how the image re-signify process could contribute to the expansion of the reconstructive attitude of basic education students from experimentation with digital collage in the Art subject. As a work methodology, the teacher-researcher was developed a pedagogical intervention whith high school students from a public school in the municipality of Jaguariaíva/PR. Through a teaching approach that starts from a self-reflective perspective in relation to the manifestations of visual culture present in the students' lives, the paths of this investigation were guided by the following question: How can teaching mediation generate reconstructive experiences affecting those who share them, starting with the agent who proposes the action? Were used the following instruments for the stage of data collection and analysis: teacher-researcher?s notebook, as well as oral, written and visual elements of the participants. Regarding the results obtained, it was possible to verify that the propositions developed in this project contributed to the favoring of the student's self-awareness through the exercise of re-signify their narratives with the appropriation of images that reside and dialogue with their versions and views about the world. Although students belong to the generation of users accustomed to the use of digital information and communication technologies, the present study points to possible horizons in relation to discussions about consumer culture and the use of digital tools for reflective content production. Finally, the relevance of the study is also configured in the problematization of issues related to visual culture through the via of media literacy in education, so that this work can contribute to studies related to the modes of perception of certain image sources in relation to the construction of social representations of different times and places, causing learning actors to reflect on how the visual language present in different digital media is embedded in the reinforcing aspects of both dominant and marginal narratives from different social contexts. Keywords: Mediation. Visual culture. Digital collage. Pedagogical intervention. Reconstructive experience

Aproximações entre arte e informática na educação básica: Um levantamento bibliográfico relacionado às práticas educativas com arte digital / Rapprochement between art and informatics in basic education: A bibliographic search related to educational practices with digital art

O trabalho apresenta o resultado de um levantamento bibliográfico relacionado às ações pedagógicas realizadas na educação básica, num estreito diálogo entre o campo da Arte e da Informática para a criação de arte digital na educação básica. O texto vincula-se a uma pesquisa em andamento que tem como objetivo geral, analisar como o processo de ressignificação de imagens pode contribuir para a ampliação de atitude reconstrutiva a partir da técnica da colagem digital. Para tanto, o estudo apresenta um recorte temático a partir de relatos de experiência voltados à produção e edição de imagens digitais estáticas considerando-se o papel do professor e do computador como mediadores deste processo. Nessa perspectiva, a fonte de pesquisa deu-se por meio da busca por artigos publicados em anais de dois eventos nacionais voltados ao ensino de Arte: Congresso Anual da Federação dos Arte/Educadores do Brasil (Confaeb) e o Encontro da Associação Nacional de Pesquisadores em Artes Plásticas (Encontro da Anpap). Neste levantamento, foram selecionados e analisados três relatos de experiência de professores da educação básica, cada qual com sua metodologia de ensino, contudo, favoráveis a um mesmo ponto de vista no que se refere ao processo de integração do conhecimento nas áreas da Arte e da Informática como caminho aberto ao professor para as possibilidades de trabalho que problematizem as relações sobre a forma de consumo, produção e distribuição de imagens digitais

Inventário virtual artístico: um projeto educativo de resgate da memória histórico-cultural da cidade de Jaguariaíva/PR

O presente artigo tem por finalidade divulgar as ações desenvolvidas pelo grupo de pesquisa: "Inventário das artes plásticas da cidade de Jaguariaíva" do Instituto Federal do Paraná, Campus Jaguariaíva. Com o intuito de contribuir para com o processo educativo de conscientização da arte, cultura e história da cidade de Jaguariaíva, a equipe propõe a criação de um inventário artístico em formato de hipertexto, ou seja, uma plataforma digital contendo informações de obras artísticas que fazem referência à cultura local e que pode ser acessada pela rede mundial de computadores, potencializando a comunicação e conferindo a autonomia no caminho que o internauta deseja percorrer pelo sítio eletrônico. O inventário virtual vincula-se ao projeto de pesquisa que busca refletir e analisar os cruzamentos entre identidade e memória, matéria e forma, criador e sua obra. Objetivou-se com este trabalho a ação educativa popular para a valorização, preservação e divulgação de artistas populares locais que expressam em suas criações plásticas as representações do contexto histórico e cultural da cidade

Mixing model of Phobos' bulk elemental composition for the determination of its origin: Multivariate analysis of MMX/MEGANE data

The formation process of the two Martian moons, Phobos and Deimos, is still debated with two main competing hypotheses: the capture of an asteroid or a giant impact onto Mars. In order to reveal their origin, the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to measure Phobos' elemental composition by a gamma-ray and neutron spectrometer called MEGANE. This study provides a model of Phobos' bulk elemental composition, assuming the two formation hypotheses. Using the mixing model, we established a MEGANE data analysis flow to discriminate between the formation hypotheses by multivariate analysis. The mixing model expresses the composition of Phobos in 6 key lithophile elements that will be measured by MEGANE (Fe, Si, O, Ca, Mg, and Th) as a linear mixing of two mixing components: material from Mars and material from an asteroid as represented by primitive meteorite compositions. The inversion calculation includes consideration of MEGANE's measurement errors ($E_P$) and derives the mixing ratio for a given Phobos composition, based on which the formation hypotheses are judged. For at least 65\% of the modeled compositions, MEGANE measurements will determine the origin uniquely ($E_P$ = 30\%), and this increases from 74 to 87\% as $E_P$ decreases from 20 to 10\%. Although the discrimination performance depends on $E_P$, the current operation plan for MEGANE predicts an instrument performance for $E_P$ of 20--30\%, resulting in ~70\% discrimination between the original hypotheses. MEGANE observations can also enable the determination of the asteroid type of the captured body or the impactor. The addition of other measurements, such as MEGANE's measurements of the volatile element K, as well as observations by other MMX remote sensing instruments, will also contribute to the MMX mission's goal to constrain the origin of Phobos.Comment: 34 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Icaru

DNA markers based on retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms can detect short DNA fragments for strawberry cultivar identification

In this study, DNA markers were developed for discrimination of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa L.) cultivars based on retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms. We performed a comprehensive genomic search to identify retrotransposon insertion sites and subsequently selected one retrotransposon family, designated CL3, which provided reliable discrimination among strawberry cultivars. Through analyses of 75 strawberry cultivars, we developed eight cultivar-specific markers based on CL3 retrotransposon insertion sites. Used in combination with 10 additional polymorphic markers, we differentiated 35 strawberry cultivars commonly cultivated in Japan. In addition, we demonstrated that the retrotransposon-based markers were effective for PCR detection of DNA extracted from processed food materials, whereas a SSR marker was ineffective. These results indicated that the retrotransposon-based markers are useful for cultivar discrimination for processed food products, such as jams, in which DNA may be fragmented or degraded

Examination of Home Economics Teacher Training Curriculum in Human Life Sciences Education of Hiroshima University: Concepts and results of introduction to clothing, dietary, and living life

In order to reconceptualize the curriculum for home economics teacher training in the Department of Human Life Sciences Education of the Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, we created and presented a new set of major subjects in the revised curriculum from 2019. As part of this study, we presented the concepts of “Introduction to Clothing Life”, “Introduction to Dietary Life”, and “Introduction to Living Life,” with background sciences and academic disciplines relevant to the three introductions, to the first semester students in 2020. In addition, we analyzed the changes in the views of students concerning life and the three subjects before and after taking each introduction through questionnaires. On the base of these results and the issues highlighted by the faculty members, we improved each introduction. After taking the introductions, the students came to possess the knowledge and skills required to solve their daily life and social problems related to clothing, diet, and living. This is because we have included in the subjects “performance task” to encourage independent learning, and group activities and practical tasks to broaden and deepen students’ awareness and understanding of the issues in their life and society. In addition, the conceptual diagrams with the structure of background sciences, showing the relationship between home economics and other sciences, would help students understand the framework of academic discipline constructing home economics and have a subjective view of home economics.本研究は，JSPS科研費JP19K02814（代表者 鈴木明子）の助成を受けたものである

Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P) in the Peritoneal Fluid Skews M2 Macrophage and Contributes to the Development of Endometriosis

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), an inflammatory mediator, is abundantly contained in red blood cells and platelets. We hypothesized that the S1P concentration in the peritoneal cavity would increase especially during the menstrual phase due to the reflux of menstrual blood, and investigated the S1P concentration in the human peritoneal fluid (PF) from 14 non-endometriosis and 19 endometriosis patients. Although the relatively small number of samples requires caution in interpreting the results, S1P concentration in the PF during the menstrual phase was predominantly increased compared to the non-menstrual phase, regardless of the presence or absence of endometriosis. During the non-menstrual phase, patients with endometriosis showed a significant increase in S1P concentration compared to controls. In vitro experiments using human intra-peritoneal macrophages (MΦ) showed that S1P stimulation biased them toward an M2MΦ-dominant condition and increased the expression of IL-6 and COX-2. An in vivo study showed that administration of S1P increased the size of the endometriotic-like lesion in a mouse model of endometriosis

Cysteine string protein 1 (CSP1) modulates insulin sensitivity by attenuating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicle docking with the plasma membrane

Insulin stimulates glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicle recruitment from its intracellular storage site to the plasma membrane. Cysteine string protein 1 (CSP1) is a SNARE-binding protein involved in the vesicular trafficking of neurotransmitters and other exocytic processes. In this study, we investigated the involvement of CSP1 in insulin-dependent GLUT4 recruitment in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Over-expression of wild-type CSP1 led to attenuated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake without any change in GLUT4 content in the plasma membrane, rather it inhibits docking by blocking the association of VAMP2 with syntaxin 4. In contrast, knockdown of CSP1 enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. The mRNA and protein expression of CSP1 was elevated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in insulin resistant states caused by high levels of palmitate and chronic insulin exposure. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that CSP1 is involved in insulin resistance by interrupting GLUT4 vesicle docking with the plasma membrane

Infectious virus shedding duration reflects secretory IgA antibody response latency after SARS-CoV-2 infection

新型コロナウイルス排出と粘膜抗体の関係を解明 --呼吸器ウイルスのヒト間伝播を制御・予防する第一歩--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-12-25.Articles: Infectious virus shedding duration reflects secretory IgA antibody response latency after SARS-CoV-2 infection. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-12-25.Infectious virus shedding from individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is used to estimate human-to-human transmission risk. Control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission requires identifying the immune correlates that protect infectious virus shedding. Mucosal immunity prevents infection by SARS-CoV-2, which replicates in the respiratory epithelium and spreads rapidly to other hosts. However, whether mucosal immunity prevents the shedding of the infectious virus in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals is unknown. We examined the relationship between viral RNA shedding dynamics, duration of infectious virus shedding, and mucosal antibody responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anti-spike secretory IgA antibodies (S-IgA) reduced viral RNA load and infectivity more than anti-spike IgG/IgA antibodies in infected nasopharyngeal samples. Compared with the IgG/IgA response, the anti-spike S-IgA post-infection responses affected the viral RNA shedding dynamics and predicted the duration of infectious virus shedding regardless of the immune history. These findings highlight the importance of anti-spike S-IgA responses in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 for preventing infectious virus shedding and SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Developing medical countermeasures to shorten S-IgA response time may help control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and prevent future respiratory virus pandemics

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies multiple novel loci associated with serum uric acid levels in Japanese individuals

Gout is a common arthritis caused by elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Here we investigated loci influencing SUA in a genome-wide meta-analysis with 121,745 Japanese subjects. We identified 8948 variants at 36 genomic loci (P<5 × 10–8) including eight novel loci. Of these, missense variants of SESN2 and PNPLA3 were predicted to be damaging to the function of these proteins; another five loci—TMEM18, TM4SF4, MXD3-LMAN2, PSORS1C1-PSORS1C2, and HNF4A—are related to cell metabolism, proliferation, or oxidative stress; and the remaining locus, LINC01578, is unknown. We also identified 132 correlated genes whose expression levels are associated with SUA-increasing alleles. These genes are enriched for the UniProt transport term, suggesting the importance of transport-related genes in SUA regulation. Furthermore, trans-ethnic meta-analysis across our own meta-analysis and the Global Urate Genetics Consortium has revealed 15 more novel loci associated with SUA. Our findings provide insight into the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of hyperuricemia/gout