Markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes and plasma during aging in humans

Aging is an inevitable universal biological process, which can be characterized by a general decline in physiological function with the accumulation of diverse adverse changes and increased probability of death. Among several theories, oxidative stress/free radical theory offers the best mechanistic elucidation of the aging process and other age-related phenomenon. In the present paper, we discuss the aging process and have focused on the importance of some reliable markers of oxidative stress which may be used as biomarkers of the aging process

Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation or aggression by pathogens. In the last decade, there has been much interest in the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidant. Epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols offer protection against development of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health

Resveratrol may protect plasma proteins from oxidation under conditions of oxidative stress in vitro

Proteins are vulnerable to oxidative stress; attack by reactive oxygen species causes oxidation and formation of carbonyl moieties, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and other undesired oxidation products. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin found abundantly in grapes and red-wine, is one of the most extensively studied natural products, with wide ranging biological activities including cardio-protective, neuro-protective, anti-aging, and anti-cancer. Most of the effects of these stilbenes are attributed to their antioxidant property. In the present study we have evaluated the role of resveratrol in the protection of plasma protein oxidation after induction of in vitro oxidative stress. Inducing oxidative stress by incubating with 10-5 mol L-1 tert-butylhydroperoxide caused a significant elevation in plasma protein carbonyls (PCO) and AOPPs, and decrease in -SH groups. Presence of resveratrol protected proteins from oxidation, an effect which was concentration dependent. On the basis of our experiments and effects shown by resveratrol we substantiate existing evidence for the strong antioxidant property of resveratrol

Change detection in coastal feature of the Krusadai Island, GoM Biosphere Reserve using L5-TM and L7-ETM+ images

79-90Remote sensing is a technique by which any object can be studied without touching the same. Remote sensing techniques and satellite images are used to map different marine environments for example, coral reef, micro algal bloom and mangrove forests etc. to study the climate change and ecological impacts on it. In this present study, the changes of coastal line as well as coastal vegetation of the Krusadai Island, situated within Gulf of Mannar, a Biosphere have been mapped by using digital images of L5TM and L7ETM+ sensors and the detection of changed occurred between 1988 and 2000 have been measured. The accuracy level is found remarkable

Novel Coronavirus-2019 – Prevention is the Only Cure

30-31The mingling of symptoms, lack of proper information and unavailability of both vaccine/medication and reliable rapid diagnostic tests raises the concern that 2019-nCoV infection may spread globally

Fright of Zika

48-50The WHO declared the Zika virus an international public health emergency. It is spreading explosively and may infect up to four million people all over the world

Melatonin: Wonder Molecule

26-28This ubiquitous molecule called Melatonin regulates your body clock. Widely distributed in plants, fungi and animals, in most vertebrates and in humans melatonin is produced primarily by the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland situated in the center of the brain. This tiny gland is often called the "third eye" due to its central placement deep in the middle of the brain

Role of red grape polyphenols as antidiabetic agents

The worldwide incidence of diabetes mellitus has reached alarming proportions. Persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin activity and/or insulin resistance inversely affects the retina, cerebrovascular system, kidney, peripheral limbs, and other parts of the body, which leads to life-threatening complications. The causal role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of diabetic complications has been emphasized. Polyphenols present in natural products have gained much attention in recent decades in preventive studies against diabetes-associated pathologies. In the present review, we provide a comparative update on the role of quercetin, myricetin, and resveratrol—the major polyphenols present in red grapes—in intervening with diabetic complications, and a brief highlight on the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress mediated hyperglycemia

Assessment of Protein Oxidation Status and Its Correlation with Antioxidant Potential in Preeclampsia

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess protein oxidation status and its correlation with antioxidant potential in serum during preeclampsia (PE). Materials and Methods: A casecontrol study was performed on 63 pregnant subjects (mean age = 30 tential in serpreeclamptic and 32 age-matched normotensive (control) pregnant women. Serum samples were analyzed for total protein, globulin, albumin, protein carbonyls (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential. Results: Compared to the control pregnant subjects, a compromised serum protein pattern, elevated PCO (P < 0.01), and AOPP (P < 0.02) were observed in PE pregnant women that were correlated significantly with the total antioxidant potential of serum. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that PE pregnancies are susceptible to protein oxidation which may be due to diminished antioxidant potential during PE. The study concludes that oxidative modulation of proteins may be one of the major causative factors in complicating the maternal and fetal conditions during PE

Markers of Oxidative Stress during Diabetes Mellitus

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising all over the world. Uncontrolled state of hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion/action leads to a variety of complications including peripheral vascular diseases, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, morbidity, and/or mortality. Large body of evidence suggests major role of reactive oxygen species/oxidative stress in development and progression of diabetic complications. In the present paper, we have discussed the recent researches on the biomarkers of oxidative stress during type 2 diabetes mellitus