EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF SIDA ACUTA BURM.F.

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the present work was to investigate the in-vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract of Sida acuta Burm.f.Methods: The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract was performed by MTT assay method against A-431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma) and HeLa (Human cervical cancer) cell lines.Results: The various concentration of crude chloroform extract (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 µg/ml concentration) of Sida acuta whole plant was performed for cytotoxic activity. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significantly cytotoxic against A-431 cell lines (human epidermoid carcinoma) with an of 375±0.00 and HeLa cell lines (human cervix carcinoma with an IC50 (inhibit cell growth by 50%) 610.00±2.5. The results obtained from the study indicate significant cytotoxic activity. The result of anticancer activity study in cell lines of the extract indicates that Sida acuta has anticancer activity against A-431-Human epidermoid carcinoma, HeLa-Human cervical cancer cell lines.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the chloroform extract of Sida acuta Burm.f. posses potent cytotoxic activity.Keywords: Sida acuta Burm.f., Chloroform extract, Cytotoxic activity, IC50.     Â

ALGINATE BASED GASTRO-RETENTIVE RAFT FORMING TABLETS FOR ENHANCED BIOAVAILABILITY OF TINIDAZOLE

Objective: Tinidazole, a nitroimidazole derivative is having low aqueous solubility which is a major barrier for systemic drug absorption. The aim of the present research was to develop gastro retentive raft forming tablets of tinidazole to achieve prolonged gastric residence time and thus higher bioavailability.Methods: Solid dispersion of tinidazole was prepared by kneading method by using methanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Different concentration of sodium alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was used to formulate a suitable raft forming tablets and then evaluated for drug content, floating lag time, raft strength, raft volume, raft weight, drug release and release kinetics.Results: Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) study confirms compatibility between drug and polymer. The floating lag time was found in the range of 40±4 to 60±5 s for all the formulation. Raft strength for all the formulations was within the range from 3.03±0.12 to 5.92±0.06 g. The raft volume for all the formulation was found within the range of 7.37±1.86 to 9.84±2.76 ml. Raft weight was measured after completion of raft formation for each formulation and was found in the range of 5.21±1.17 to 7.88±1.95 g. In vitro dissolution was carried up to 8 h and percentage of drug release was found to vary between 79.71±2.18 to 94.32±1.79 %.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of solid dispersion and raft formation increases the bioavailability of tinidazole in tablet formulation

Chord line force versus displacement for thin shallow arc pre-curved bimetallic strip

This is the accepted version of the following article: G D Angel, G Haritos, A Chrysanthou & V Voloshin, “Chord line force versus displacement for thin shallow arc pre-curved bimetallic strip”, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol. 229(1): 116-124, first published online April 29, 2014, published by SAGE Publishing. All rights reserved. The version of record is available online at doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214530873A pre-curved bimetallic strip that is applied with a force in an axial orientation, i.e. along its chord line, exhibits nonlinear force-displacement characteristics. For thin bimetallic strips, whereby the radius of curvature is large compared to the thickness of the strip, the non-linearity tends to be tangent related. The new theoretical formula introduced here was correlated to the results of a set of force-displacement tests, and a good overall fit of the theory to the test data was achieved. The formula put forward in this work enables the evaluation of large chord line displacements but is limited to the permissible stress limits of the material. This work can also be directly applied to thin shallow arc beams of a single material. The application of this work is in the field of bimetallic force-displacement actuators.Peer reviewe

EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AND ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L.

Objective: The objective of the present work was to evaluate the phytochemical study, cytotoxic activity and anthelmintic property of the whole plant chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L.Methods: The chloroform extract was tested for protein, amino acids. alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract was performed by MTT assay method against HepG2 (Liver carcinoma), HeLa (Cervix carcinoma) cell lines. 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml concentration of chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant were taken for performing anthelmintic activity against adult Indian earthworm Pheritima posthuma.Results: The preliminary phytochemical tests revealed that chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. contains amino acids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 with an IC50 of 110.00±1.9 μg/ml and against HeLa with an IC50 of 104.50±0.9μg/ml. The crude chloroform extract (25, 50, 150 mg/ml concentration) of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant shows potent anthelmintic activity against Pheritima posthuma.Conclusion: The present study concluded that Clitoria ternatea L. can be considered as an important source of natural products that have anti-cancer potentials and potent anthelmintic activity

SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION OF SIDDHA FORMULATION MUTHUCHIPPI PARPAM-A REVIEW

The traditional Siddha system of medicine was made available to common people by saints of south India called as Siddhars. While the timeline of its origin seems to be unpredictable, this ancient medicine interrelates nature and human beings in terms of five basic elements or Pancha bootham viz, earth, water, fire, air and space. Presence of all these five basic elements in the human body and universe in a balanced proportion seem to govern the three vital humours of our body called Vatham, Pitham and Kapham. Any alterations in any of these humours is said to be the cause of Dosham or disease. Hence the Material Medica of this system consists of herbal origin(Mooligai), Mineral origin (Thathu) and animal origin of both land and ocean (Jeevam). According to the Siddha philosophy, these natural resources are the constitutions of these five basic elements and therefore have the ability to prevent and treat the Doshams (diseases) that are caused due to the altered humours. Parpam a potent Siddha formulation with a shelf life of 100 years is usually prepared by grinding mineral or animal sources with herbs followed by a process called Pudam(Incineration). Muthuchippi parpam (Calcinated shell of Pearl oyster) is one such drug of marine origin which has been indicated in the Siddha literature for a wide variety of diseases.This review article analysis the scientific facts behind the traditional use of Muthuchippi parpam

In vitro antimicrobial screening of methanolic extracts of Cleome chelidonii and Cleome gynandra

Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of plants was screened by disc diffusion assay against four bacteria and four fungal cultures. Streptomycin (10 ?g/disc) and nystatin (10 ?g/disc) are used as standards for bacteria and fungi respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was evaluated through micro broth dilution method. The antimicrobial potency of plant extracts was assessed by their zone of inhibition and activity index values. Total activity of extracts was evaluated to quantitatively compare the activity of two plants. Methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra showed maximum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (IZ- 22 ± 0.22 mm, AI-0.917, MIC- 0.039 mg/mL, MBC- 0.039 mg/mL). Maximum antifungal potential was shown by C. chelidonii against Candida albicans (IZ- 25 ± 0.92 mm, AI-1.000, MIC- 0.039 mg/mL, MFC- 0.039 mg/mL). Both the extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity with low range of MIC

Synthesis of Some New Isoxazoline Derivatives of Chalconised Indoline 2-one as a Potential Analgesic, Antibacterial and Anthelmimtic Agents

A series of novel 1[5”-(2”’-substituted phenyl)-4”,5”’-dihydro isoxazole-3”-yl]-3-[(4 substituted phenyl)imino]1-3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-one were synthesized from different substituted chalconised indole-2,3-dione was prepared from the different chalconised Isatin. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H NMR, and MS) analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their analgesic activity by the acetic acid induced Writhing method and in vitro antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacteria—Pseudomonas auroginosa, Pseudomonas mirabilis, and E. coli by the cup plate agar diffusion method. Compounds 6a1, 6a3, 6b3, and 6b2 were found to be active against bacteria. The compounds 6a1, 6b3, and 6a3 show a significant analgesic activity. Synthesized compounds also screened for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Compounds 6a1, 6b1, and 6b3 show significant anthelmintic activity

Chaplain Meyer Blesh and Chaplain Lewish Barish inspect Kosher salamis..., March 26, 1953

Text on back of photograph: (l-r): Chaplain Meyer Blesh, 9th Corps Chaplain; Lt. Col. Charles F. Blasdel, CO 443rd QM Base Depot A; and Chaplain Lewis Barish inspect Kosher salamis to be distributed to Jewish personnel for the Passover Holidays.Digital imag