Mutual Recognition of S and MA Standards Software Assurance Task Force Report

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High Energy Particle Measurements during Long Discharge in LHD

The spatial resolved energy spectra can be observed during a long discharge of NBI plasma bycontinuously scanning the neutral particle analyzer. In these discharges, the plasmas are initiated by the ECH heating, after that NBI#2 (Co-injection) sustains the plasma during 40-60 seconds. The scanned pitch angle is from 44 degrees to 74 degrees. The injected neutral beam (hydrogen) energy of NBI#2 is only 130 keV because the original ion source polarity is negative. The shape of spectra is almost similar from 44 degrees to 53 degrees. However the spectra from 55 degrees are strongly varied. It reflects the injection pitch angle of the beam according to the simulation (53 degrees ot R* = 3.75 m in simulation). The beam keeps the pitch angle at incidence until the beam energy becomes to the energy, which the pitch angle scattering is occurred by the energy loss due to the electron collision. The low flux region can be observed around 10-15 keV, which is 15 times of the electron temperature. The energy region may be equal to the energy at which the pitch angle scattering is occurred. At the energy, the particle is scattered by the collision with the plasma ions and some of particles may run away from the plasma because they have a possibility to enter the loss cone. According to the simulation, the loss cone can be expected at the 10 keV with the small angular dependence. The depth of the loss cone is deep at the small pitch angle. The hollow in the spectrum may be concluded to be the loss cone as the tendency is almost agreed with the experimental result

Universal nematode detection by degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) of purified nematode nucleic acids

In this study, we have described a modified degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) method for molecular typing of nematodes collected from wild birds. To design the DOP-PCR, we selected 50 nonamers as DOP-motifs referring the data from a nematode genome. Inverted repeats of nonamers with a 100-1,500 base interval in the reported nematode genomes on the selection of the 50 nonamers. In these nonamers, 5 nonamers showed to create ladder pattern by DOP-PCR on 9, 6, 1, 2 and 3 species of morphologically identified adult nematodes, respectively. Eleven species of nematodes were distinguishable by combining the results of the two primers. It was suggested that the nematode species could be distinguished by DOP-PCR with a combination of 2 nonamers