Evaluation of Sofi Tissue Differences between Different Skeletal Anomalies in Sagittal Direction

The aim of this study is to evaluate the cephalometric soft tissue differences of early adults in sagittal direction. Our study consists of 63 patients' lateral cephalograms who referred to University of Dicle Faculty of Dentistry for orthodontic treatment (Class I: 23, Class II: 19, Class III: 21). The main age was 19.28 years. 24 angular and linear measurements were performed in cephalometric radiographs of patients. According to Mann Whitney U test only the PMA angle showed statistically significant differences in comparison of Class I and II patients. In comparison of adult Class I and III patients; Class III patients were showed greater values in; A-UpSulcus, Uplip-E Line, MLA and PMA parameters. In comparison of adult Class II and III patients with normal vertical pattern, PTV-Nasaltip and PTV-UpSulcus parameters were greater for Class II patients. Regardless of abnormality in skeletal tissue of underlying soft tissue it still has a great tendency to return to normal. We observed that compensatory mechanism works remarkably especially for soft tissues of Class II anomaly groups

Defective Treg generation and increased type 3 immune response in leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1

In 15 Turkish LAD-1 patients and controls, we assessed the impact of pathogenic ITGB2 mutations on Th17/Treg differentiation and functions, and innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets. The percentage of peripheral blood Treg cells, in vitro-generated induced Tregs differentiated from naive CD4+ T cells were decreased despite the elevated absolute counts of CD4+ cells in LAD-1 patients. Serum IL-23 levels were elevated in LAD-1 patients. Post-curdlan stimulation, LAD-1 patient-derived PBMCs produced more IL-17A. Additionally, the percentages of CD18-deficient Th17 cells expanded from total or naïve CD4+ T cells were higher. The blood ILC3 subset was significantly elevated in LAD-1. Finally, LAD-1 PBMCs showed defects in trans-well migration and proliferation and were more resistant to apoptosis. Defects in de novo generation of Tregs from CD18-deficient naïve T cells and elevated Th17s, and ILC3s in LAD-1 patients' peripheral blood suggest a type 3-skewed immunity and may contribute to LAD-1-associated autoimmune symptoms