JAK STAŁE SĄ OPÓŹNIENIA SPRZĘTOWE P2-C2?

This paper presented results of investigations about estimation DCB P2-C2 for satellites and receiver in GPS system. The data from LAMA station in Poland were used to determination of stability instrumental biases P2-C2, using least square method. Author proposed new strategy to solution of DCB P2-C2 (biases were calculated with temporal resolution 2 hours). The test results were compared with CODE’s product. Difference between proposed method and CODE’s values for Satellite DCB is less than ± 1 ns and for Receiver DCB less than ± 0.2 ns. Standard deviation of presented method is about 0.4 ns.Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dotyczących wyznaczenia opóźnień sprzętowych DCB P2-C2 dla satelitów i odbiornika w systemie GPS. Dane ze stacji referencyjnej LAMA w Polsce zostały użyte do wyznaczenia stałości opóźnień sprzętowych P2-C2, przy wykorzystaniu metody najmniejszych kwadratów. Autor zaproponował nową strategię do rozwiązania opóźnień sprzętowych P2-C2 (opóźnienia zostały policzone w rozdzielczości czasowej 2 godzin). Wyniki przeprowadzonego testu zostały porównane z produktami z Centrum Analizy CODE. Różnica pomiędzy proponowaną metodą a wynikami z CODE jest mniejsza niż 1 ns dla opóźnień sprzętowych satelitów oraz mniejsza niż 0.2 ns dla opóźnienia sprzętowego odbiornika. Odchylenie standardowe prezentowanej metody wynosi około 0,4 ns

CHARAKTERYSTYKA SYSTEMU WSPOMAGANIA POZYCJONOWANIA QZSS-ZENITH

This paper presents characteristic of Japanese navigation system QZSS-Zenith for satellites positioning augmentation. Segments of QZSS-Zenith system were characterized, and time scale and reference frame of QZSS system were also described. The positioning results based on GPS and QZSS observations were presented in the research part of article.W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę japońskiego systemu nawigacyjnego QZSS-Zenith do wspomagania pozycjonowania satelitarnego. Scharakteryzowano poszczególne segmenty systemu QZSS-Zenith oraz opisano również skalę czasu i układ odniesienia w systemie QZSS. W części badawczej artykułu przedstawiono rezultaty pozycjonowania satelitarnego z użyciem obserwacji GPS i QZSS

WYKORZYSTANIE FORMATU IONEX DO POPRAWY POZYCJONOWANIA NA OBSZARZE POWIATU RYCKIEGO

Article presents studies results regard to standalone positioning correction over Ryki District area. In the experiment GPS code observations from RYKI reference station were utilized. Station coordinates were estimated based on two ways in RTKLIB software using Single Point Positioning mathematical formulation. In first test ionosphere delay was determinated using Klobuchar model, but in second case ionosphere VTEC maps were implemented in computations also. Preliminary results of positioning accuracy underline thesis that local ionosphere model should be assimilated to positioning correction. Ionosphere VTEC parameters in test II improves positioning accuracy to 8 m, in comparison to test I. Additionally RMS-3D error was calculated and it can reach up to 11 m.W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących poprawy pozycjonowania absolutnego na obszarze powiatu ryckiego. W ramach eksperymentu wykorzystano obserwacje kodowe GPS ze stacji referencyjnej RYKI. Współrzędne stacji referencyjnej RYKI zostały wyznaczone na dwa sposoby w programie RTKLIB, przy zastosowaniu metody punktowego pozycjonowania absolutnego. W pierwszym teście poprawka jonosferyczna została określona za pomocą modelu Klobuchara, zaś w drugim teście mapy jonosfery VTEC w formacie IONEX zostały zaimplementowane do obliczeń. Wstępne wyniki dokładnościowe pozycjonowania podkreślają tezę o potrzebie asymilacji lokalnego modelu jonosfery do poprawy pozycjonowania. Parametry jonosfery VTEC w teście II poprawiają dokładność pozycji nawet do 8 m, w porównaniu z testem I. Dodatkowo błąd RMS-3D został obliczony i osiąga wartości do ponad 11 m

Determination of reliability parameters of HPL and VPL technical safety in the procedure of a non-precision landing approach NPA GNSS with using GPS and GLONASS navigation systems in air transport

The paper presents the results of determining the HPL and VPL safety parameters used to evaluate the reliability of aircraft positioning in air transport. The HPL and VPL security level parameters were determined using GPS and GLONASS systems for the NPA GNSS non-precision landing approach. The work also compares the HPL and VPL values with the technical standards published by ICAO

EXAMINATION OF DIFFERENT MODELS OF TROPOSPHERE DELAYS IN SBAS POSITIONING IN AERIAL NAVIGATION

This paper presents the results of a study on the use of different tropospheric correction models in SBAS positioning for air navigation. The paper, in particular, determines the influence of the Saastamoinen troposphere and RTCA-MOPS models on the determination of aircraft coordinates and mean coordinate errors in the SBAS positioning method. The study uses real kinematic data from a GPS navigation system recorded by an onboard GNSS satellite receiver as well as SBAS corrections. In the experiment, the authors include SBAS corrections from EGNOS and SDCM augmentation systems. The navigation calculations were performed using RTKLIB v.2.4.3 and Scilab 6.1.1 software. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the difference in aircraft coordinates using different troposphere models can reach up to ±2.14 m. Furthermore, the use of the RTCA-MOPS troposphere model improved the values of mean coordinate errors from 5 to 9% for the GPS+EGNOS solution and from 7 to 12% for the GPS+SDCM solution, respectively. The obtained computational findings confirm the validity of using the RTCA-MOPS troposphere model for SBAS positioning in aerial navigation

ZASTOSOWANIE OBSERWACJI GLONASS W METODZIE PPP W EKSPERYMENCIE LOTNICZYM W MIELCU

Article presents research results concerning to determination Cessna 172 plane position using PPP method for code and phase observations in GLONASS system. The aircraft’s coordinates were estimated in CSRS-PPP and magicPPP softwares with interval 1 second. The algorithm of PPP method for recovery aircraft’s position was described in details in the article. The airborne test was realized for checked positioning accuracy of the aircraft in kinematic mode on 07.09.2011 in Mielec airport. The preliminary results of accuracy of aircraft’s coordinates was obtained on the level 0,1 m using CSRS-PPP and magicPPP softwares.Artykuł przedstawia rezultaty badań dotyczących wyznaczenia pozycji statku powietrznego Cessna 172 z zastosowaniem metody PPP dla obserwacji kodowo-fazowych w systemie GLONASS. Współrzędne samolotu zostały wyznaczone z interwałem 1 sekunda w programie CSRS-PPP oraz magicPPP. W artykule przedstawiono i opisano algorytm odtworzenia pozycji statku powietrznego dla metody PPP. Eksperyment lotniczy został wykonany w dniu 07.09.2011 na lotnisku w Mielcu w celu sprawdzenia dokładności pozycjonowania statku powietrznego w trybie kinematycznym. Wstępna dokładność współrzędnych samolotu  została wyznaczona na poziomie 0,1 m z użyciem programów CSRS-PPP i magicPPP

ASSESSMENT OF VELOCITY ACCURACY OF AIRCRAFT IN THE DYNAMIC TESTS USING GNSS SENSORS

The paper presents a new model for determining the accurate and reliable flight speed of an aircraft based on navigation data from the three independent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The GNSS devices were mounted on-board of a Cessna 172 aircraft during a training flight in south-eastern Poland. The speed parameter was determined as the resultant value based on individual components from 3 independent solutions of the motion model. In addition, the standard deviation of the determined flight speed values for the Cessna 172 aircraft was determined in the paper. The resultant on-ground and flight speed of the Cessna 172 aircraft ranged from 0.23 m/s to 74.81 m/s, while the standard deviation of the determined speed values varied from 0.01 m/s to 1.07 m/s. In addition, the accuracy of research method equals to -0.46 m/s to +0.61 m/s, in respect to the RTK-OTF solution. The RMS parameter as an accuracy term amounts to 0.07 m/s for the presented research method

Application of the SBAS/EGNOS positioning method to determine UAV coordinates

Abstract: The article presents the results of research on determining the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) position using the SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) positioning method for the EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) support system. The experiment used a single-frequency AsteRx-m2 UAS receiver, which recorded GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite observations and EGNOS corrections. The test flight was performed in 2020 near Warsaw. Navigational calculations for determining the position of the UAV during the flight were made in the gLAB v.5.5.1 software. Based on the performed calculations, the following were determined: BSP coordinates in the ellipsoidal system BLh, mean errors of BSP coordinates, and values of DOP (Dilution of Precision) geometric coefficients. In addition, during the calculations, it was found that the mean error values of the determined BSP coordinates do not exceed 3.6 m, and the maximum value of the geometric coefficient GDOP (Geometric DOP) is less than 3.5. Keywords: SBAS, EGNOS, BSP, mean errors, DO

Analysis of the accuracy of EGNOS+SDCM positioning in aerial navigation

The article presents a modified scheme of determining the accuracy parameter of SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) positioning with use of two supporting systems: EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) and SDCM (System of Differential Correction and Monitoring). The proposed scheme is based on the weighted mean model, which combines single solutions of EGNOS and SDCM positions in order to calculate the accuracy of position-ing of the aerial vehicle. The applied algorithm has been tested in a flight experiment conducted in 2020 in north-eastern Poland. The phase of approach to landing of a Diamond DA 20-C1 aircraft at the EPOD airport (European Poland Olsztyn Dajtki) was subjected to numerical analysis. The Septentrio AsterRx2i geodesic receiver was installed on board of the aircraft to collect and record GPS (Global Positioning System) observations to calculate the naviga-tion position of the aircraft. In addition, the EGNOS and SDCM corrections in the “*.ems” format were downloaded from the real time server data. The computations were realized in RTKPOST library of the RTKLIB v.2.4.3 software and also in Scilab application. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the accuracy of aircraft positioning from the EGNOS+SDCM solution ranged from -1.63 m to +3.35 m for the ellipsoidal coordinates BLh. Additionally, the accuracy of determination of the ellipsoidal height h was 1÷28% higher in the weighted mean model than in the arith-metic mean model. On the other hand, the accuracy of determination of the ellipsoidal height h was 1÷28% higher in the weighted mean model than for the single EGNOS solution. Additionally, the weighted mean model reduced the resultant error of the position RMS-3D by 1÷13% in comparison to the arithmetic mean model. The mathematical model used in this study proved to be effective in the analysis of the accuracy of SBAS positioning in aerial navigatio

Application the Single Difference Technique in Aircraft Positioning Using the GLONASS System in the Air Transport

The article presents the possibility of using the Between Satellite Single Difference method (BSSD) in the precise determination of the aircraft position in the Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS navigation system. The paper presents the mathematical model of the BSSD method, describes the research test and presents the results of conducted examinations. The research test was conducted within the implementation of the GLONASS satellite technique in air navigation. The test research uses the actual GLONASS navigation data registered by the Topcon HiperPro receiver, mounted onboard a Cessna 172 aircraft. Obtained findings of the research work are interesting from the perspective of implementation of the GLONASS satellite technique in aviation. It should be emphasized that standard deviations of the determined position of the Cessna 172, using the BSSD method, do not exceed 2m. The article also determines the accuracy of a position of the Cessna 172 in the GLONASS solution with reference to a solution in the GPS navigation system