8 research outputs found
The associations between dairy product consumption and biomarkers of inflammation, adipocytokines, and oxidative stress in children: a cross-sectional study
The association between dairy product consumption and biomarkers of inflammation, adipocytokines, and oxidative stress is poorly studied in children. Therefore, these associations were examined in a representative subsample of 1338 schoolchildren with a mean age of 11.5 (±0.7) years in the Healthy Growth Study. Information on dairy product consumption was collected by dietary recalls. Total dairy consumption was calculated by summing the intake of milk, yogurt, and cheese. Inflammatory markers, i.e., high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adipocytokines, i.e., leptin, adiponectin, and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed. Due to the skewed distribution hs-CRP, IL-6, and leptin were log transformed. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, physical activity, parental education, Tanner stage, and fat mass were used to assess the associations between consumption of total dairy, milk, yogurt, cheese, and markers of inflammation, adipocytokines, oxidative stress, and adiponectin−leptin ratio. Our results showed that milk consumption was inversely associated with leptin (β: −0.101; 95% CI: −0.177, −0.025, p = 0.009) and positively associated with the adiponectin−leptin ratio (β: 0.116; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.211; p = 0.018), while total dairy, cheese, and yogurt consumption were not associated with inflammatory, adipocytokine, or antioxidant markers. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these results
Meal patterns in healthy adults: Inverse association of eating frequency with subclinical atherosclerosis indexes
Background & aims: Meal patterns and their relationship with
cardiovascular disease are insufficiently examined with important
clinical implications. Our aim was to investigate associations between
eating frequency (EF) and early markers of atherosclerosis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we consecutively recruited 164
healthy subjects (46.8 +/- 9.3years, 62 men). EF among other dietary
parameters and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, including flow
mediated dilatation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), intima media
thickness (IMT) and the presence of plaques in the carotid arteries were
evaluated in all volunteers.
Results: EF was positively associated with total energy intake (El) and
a favorable profile in terms of adiposity, glucose tolerance and blood
lipids. Subjects with an increased EF (> median), had significantly
lower IMT (p = 0.024) and prevalence of plaques (5.3% vs. 21.3%, p =
0.003), as compared to those below median. IMT and the prevalence of
plaques were also significantly lower in those with increased EF
compared with subjects with low EF belonging to the same group of energy
intake (El) by El median. By multivariate regression analysis, carotid
plaques remained significantly associated with EF (OR: 0.71, 95% Cl
0.56-0.89), while IMT also remained significantly associated with EF
after adjustment for age and dietary factors (beta: -0.010, 95% Cl:
-0.020 to -0.0002), but not after adding obesity-related risk factors.
Conclusion: Increased EF is associated with lower prevalence of
subclinical atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries in apparently
healthy individuals. Whether consumption of the same amount of energy in
more eating episodes favorably affects cardiovascular risk should be
further investigated. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for
Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved