313 research outputs found
Π€ΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
The article highlights the current state of the production of dairy and vegetable food products. The results of studies of organoleptic and physical, chemical indicators of the quality of various herbal drinks: coconut, almond and oat, are presented, as well as an analysis and comparison with cow's milk, which is used in hotel and restaurant complexes in Bela Tserkva. For assessing the quality according to the organoleptic characteristics of the beverages, the following were examined: appearance, color, smell, taste and consistency. It was found that according to these indicators, herbal drinks comply with the regulatory documentation for these products. When assessing the quality by physical and chemical indicators, the mass fraction of fat, dry matter, titratable and active acidity, and density were established. The titratable acidity of milk-like drinks was within the normal range and did not exceed 10 β°T. The mass fraction of fat in coconut milk was 1.2 %, almond-rice milk β 1.3 % and oat milk β 2.4 %. Mass fraction of coconut milk solids was 7.6%, almond-rice 10.5% and oat milk 11.4%. The density of all types of herbal drinks was in the range of 1005β1015 kg/m3. The indicators of the quality of cow's milk, which is used in hotel and restaurant complexes, have been investigated in a comparative form. In terms of organoleptic indicators, the quality of cow's milk corresponds to the normative documentation. The fat mass fraction of cow's milk was 2.5 %, the mass fraction of solids was 12.5%, the titratable acidity was at the level of 18 β°T, the active acidity pH was 6.6, and the density was 1028 kg/m3. Analysis of various types of vegetable and cow's milk, which are used in hotel and restaurant complexes in the city of Bela Tserkva, in terms of physicochemical and organoleptic quality indicators, allows us to consider herbal drinks as substitutes for traditional products capable of providing the human body with essential nutritional factors.Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ². ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²: ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΈΠ³Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ»Π° Π¦Π΅ΡΠΊΠ²Π°. ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ: Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½, ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ, Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π’ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ² Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ 10 β°Π’. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° 1,2 %, ΠΌΠΈΠ³Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ β 1,3 % ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ β 2,4 %. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° β 7,6 %, ΠΌΠΈΠ³Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 10,5 % ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ β 11,4 %. ΠΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΡΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ² Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ
1005β1015 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΌ3. Π£ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° 2,5 %, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ 12,5 %, ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ 18 β°Π’, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ β 6,6, Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° β 1028 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΌ3. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ»Π° Π¦Π΅ΡΠΊΠ²Π° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ
Modeling the Antitubulin Activity of Benzimidazol-2-yl Carbamates: Mini-review
The biological activity of 5-benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives is associated with their ability to form a complex with /3-tubulin and, consequently, disrupt the process of assembly of microtubules of the cytoskeleton of cells. Over the past 10 years, the understanding of the binding of 5-benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives to the /3-tubulin subunit has increased significantly, mainly due to the published crystal structures of their ligand-receptor complexes. However, some details of this process could be predicted based on the results of molecular modeling before the publication of the corresponding crystal data. This mini-review summarizes the results of such works. Β© 2021 Author(s).This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 18-316-20018)
History of development of neurosurgery in Scientific Center of Reconstructive and Restorative Surgery SB RAMS - combination of science and practice
The article is devoted to the description of all main milestones of development of neurosurgical ward from the foundation of Scientific Research nstitute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics in Δ°946 to nowadays. The problems of development of the ward, scientific and practical paradigm of scientific-clinical department of neurosurgery of Scientific Center of Reconstructive and Restorative Surgery SB RAMS are reviewed in the article. The periods of activity of Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics from the positions of clinical and scientific achievements are observed. The article presents the facts on the work of clinical and scientific officers that prove close connection of scientific researches and clinical developments in different spheres of neurosurgery. The stages of formation of professional growth of Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics in close relation with periods of the development of the country. Also the article presents main dissertation researches performed by the employees of Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, shows their significance in science and clinical work and also illustrates main problems of development of neurosurgery nowadays and determines ways of their solving
ΠΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠ· Π·Π°Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ
Goat's milk is positioned as biologically complete, suitable for the creation of functional products and baby food products. This is explained by the qualitative and quantitative composition of its main nutrients: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, biologically active substances, micro- and macro-elements. The biological value of food raw materials is assessed by its ability to satisfy protein needs. Strict thermal treatment regimens are used for goat milk. This is caused by the quantitative ratio of casein and albumin fractions in goat milk and its specific organoleptic properties. Pasteurization of milk causes partial destruction of proteins, enzymes, hormones and evaporation of gaseous. This contributes to the improvement of sensory properties of dairy goat raw materials. The effect of high temperatures on goat milk proteins and its biological value has been little studied. The effect of pasteurization regimes on proteins was studied and indicators of the biological value of the samples were determined: without heat treatment; heat treatment 63 Β± 2 Β°Π‘, duration 30 minutes; heat treatment 87 Β± 2 Β°Π‘ duration 5-6 minutes. The amino acid composition of the test samples was determined by acid hydrolysis on an LC2000 amino acid analyzer (Biotronik, Germany). Indicators of the biological value of proteins of pasteurized goat milk were calculated β coefficient of difference of amino acid composition, biological value, coefficient of utilitarian amino acid composition, coefficient of rationality of amino acid composition, coefficient of comparative redundancy. The general analysis of the obtained data revealed a positive effect of heat treatment on the indicators of the biological value of goat milk. The amino acid score of the limiting amino acid increased by 14.82β14.92 %; biological value β 11.4β13.02 %; the PDCAAS indicator β by 14.18β14.29 %; changes in the values of formalized indicators had the same tendency. The biological value of proteins for the application of thermal regimes is at the same level. It has been proven that pasteurization has a positive effect on the biological value of goat milk proteins. This makes the product safe and useful for all segments of the population and can be recommended for feeding children from 0 to 6 months. Prospects for further research are the development of milk drinks of a combined composition of raw materials with an improved recipe in order to enrich the product with limiting amino acids.ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½Π½Π΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²: ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ², Π»ΡΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ², Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ², Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½, ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎ- ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π° ΡΡ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΆΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ²Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½Ρ Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ², ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ², Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π³Π°Π·ΡΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π΄ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ° ΡΡ
Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°: Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ; ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ 63 Β± 2 Β°Π‘, ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡΡΡ 30 Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½; ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ 87 Β± 2 Β°Π‘ ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡΡΡ 5β6 Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½. ΠΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Ρ Π½Π° Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ LC2000 (Biotronik, ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°). Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° β ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ, Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°: ΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π»ΡΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ Π·ΡΡΡ Π½Π° 14,82β14,92 %; Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ β 11,4β13,02 %; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ PDCAAS β Π½Π° 14,18β14,29 %; Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΆ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² Π·Π° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π° Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄ 0 Π΄ΠΎ 6 ΠΌΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π· ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ Π»ΡΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
MODELING THE ANTITUBULIN ACTIVITY OF BENZIMIDAZOL-2-YL CARBAMATES: MINIREVIEW
Computer modeling has become the commonly used method to explain biological activity of substances [1]. Despite the technical attractiveness of this approach, there are serious difficulties in creating a theoretical model that would correspond to the experimental data [2]. The purpose of this mini-review is to systematize scientific efforts to predict the binding site of benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives with Ξ²-tubulin. Interest in the generalization of these studies is due to the fact that while the crystal structure of the complex tubulin with methyl [5-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl] carbamate 1 was published only in 2015 (PDB id 5CA1, Figure 1), some details of the interaction of benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates with Ξ²-tubulin could be predicted before it. This mini-review summarizes the results of such works.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 18-316-20018)
Resistance to viruses of potato: current status and prospects
The potato (Solanum tuberosum), one of the most important food crops in the world, is infected by various viruses, nine of which have great economic significance, causing substantial losses in the yield and quality of the crop. To minimize consequences of virus infections, in developed countries specific phytosanitary measures have been established and are being improved to monitor the spread of viruses and certify seed potato material using virus diagnostics and production of virus-free potato cultivars. However, in the longer-term, the development and deployment of potato cultivars resistant to viruses would be a priority. Some new potato cultivars and lines resistant to many viruses have already been generated using either traditional breeding methods or genetic engineering. For this purpose, natural resistance genes, primarily from wild Solanum species, or virus derived nucleotide sequences have been used as sources of resistance. However, these approaches have essential limitations because the acquired resistance is highly specific (against individual viruses only), is not durable, can be overcome by viruses and, finally due to regulatory bans on genetically modified organisms. Recently developed new genome editing technologies with the potential to be a powerful tool for gene design open up broad opportunities for development of next-generation resistance genes. The most promising approaches are (1) site-directed mutagenesis of the genes conferring specific resistance to make their action much broader and (2) the use of non-specific (nonhost) resistance to generate plants resistant to unrelated viruses and, in some cases, to other pathogens and even abiotic stresses. Identification of genes involved in mechanisms of non-host resistance is just beginning. The cell nucleus is a new source of novelΒ factors involved in various signaling pathways resulting in defence response to virus infection. This review focuses on the approaches and challenges related to the development of potato plants resistant to virus infections
Hygienic features of chemical air pollution in aluminum production
The article presents retrospective assessment of chemical factors in aluminum production over a long follow-up period. The main pollutants of the workplace air are fluorine compounds, resinous substances, and disintegration aerosol. The comparative assessment of the workplace air composition during the operation of electrolytic cells with self-baking anodes and when using a new technology with pre-baked anodes was carried out. The results of the research were processed using standard parametric methods of calculation of mean value and error in mean. It is shown that the introduction of a new technology of pre-baked anodes contributes to the optimization of working environment, reduction of harmful chemicals in the workplace air
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π·Π±ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ·
Fluoroquinolones are critical antimicrobials for both human and veterinary medicine. Due to their unique mechanism of antimicrobial action and good pharmacokinetic properties, they are often the first choice drugs in the treatment of bacterial infections in animals. The purpose of the investigation was to study the antimicrobial activity of a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic of danofloxacin against bacteria, pathogens of respiratory and intestinal infection in goats. The samples of the nasal outflows (respiratory infection) and fecal masses (intestinal infection) were collected from clinically ill goats for microbiological studies. The sensitivity test of the microflora of the biomaterial, carried out by the disco-diffusion method, showed that the microorganisms of all the samples were sensitive to danofloxacin. Bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia (n = 10), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 4) and Escherichia coli (n = 2) were isolated and identified from nasal exudate samples (n = 10). Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from all faecal samples (n = 12). The degree of bacteriostatic activity of danofloxacin was determined by establishing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for bacterial isolates by sequential dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium. The average MIC of danofloxacin for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates was 0.26 Β± 0.13 ΞΌg/ml and for Staphylococcus aureus isolates β 0.25 Β± 0.075 ΞΌg/ml. For Escherichia coli strains isolated from faeces of goats suffering from coli infection, the average MIC of danofloxacin was 0.38 Β± 0.12 ΞΌg/ml (range 0.2 to 0.8 ΞΌg/ml). Antimicrobial sensitivity testing have shown a high level of bacteriostatic activity of danofloxacin against bacteria, pathogens of respiratory and intestinal infections in goats. This may be the argument for the use of danofloxacin-based chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of bacterial infections in goats, especially for the empirical approach to therapy.Π€ΡΠΎΡΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π²Π΄ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΊΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉ, Π·Π±ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ·. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠ· Π²ΡΠ΄Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ) Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°Ρ (ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ). Π’Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π², ΡΠΎ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡ
Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΡ Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ (n = 10) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 10), StaΡhylococcus aureus (n = 4) Ρ Escherichia coli (n=2). Π ΡΡΡΡ
Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°Ρ (n = 12) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Escherichia coli. Π‘ΡΡΠΏΡΠ½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ (ΠΠΠ) Π΄Π»Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉ-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ. Π‘Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ² Streptococcus pneumoniae ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 0,26 Β± 0,13 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ», Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ² StaΡhylococcus aureus β 0,25 Β± 0,075 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ». ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² Escherichia coli, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π· ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ·, Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 0,38 Β± 0,12 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ» (Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΡΠ΄ 0,2 Π΄ΠΎ 0,8 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ»). ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉ, Π·Π±ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ·. Π¦Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ·, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ
The key features of SARS-CoV-2 leader and NSP1 required for viral escape of NSP1-mediated repression
SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the ongoing global pandemic, must overcome a conundrum faced by all viruses. To achieve its own replication and spread, it simultaneously depends on and subverts cellular mechanisms. At the early stage of infection, SARS-CoV-2 expresses the viral nonstructural protein 1 (NSP1), which inhibits host translation by blocking the mRNA entry tunnel on the ribosome; this interferes with the binding of cellular mRNAs to the ribosome. Viral mRNAs, on the other hand, overcome this blockade. We show that NSP1 enhances expression of mRNAs containing the SARS-CoV-2 leader. The first stem-loop (SL1) in viral leader is both necessary and sufficient for this enhancement mechanism. Our analysis pinpoints specific residues within SL1 (three cytosine residues at the positions 15, 19 and 20) and another within NSP1 (R124) which are required for viral evasion, and thus might present promising drug targets. We target SL1 with the anti-sense oligo (ASO) to efficiently and specifically downregulate SARS-CoV-2 mRNA. Additionally, we carried out analysis of a functional interactome of NSP1 using BioID and identified components of anti-viral defense pathways. Our analysis therefore suggests a mechanism by which NSP1 inhibits the expression of host genes while enhancing that of viral RNA. This analysis helps reconcile conflicting reports in the literature regarding the mechanisms by which the virus avoids NSP1 silencing
ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅
It is proved in the article to decide studying of bases of theory of diagnostic on pediatric faculty, that allow problem development and formation clinical thinking irrespective of quantity of hours of internal diseases released for teaching.ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
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