Picturing Pollock: Photography’s Challenge to the Historiography of Abstract Expressionism

In the summer and fall of 1950, photographers Rudy Burckhardt and Hans Namuth documented Jackson Pollock in his studio as he was creating what have become his iconic Abstract Expressionist paintings. The photographs quickly dominated the critical discourse of the new painting and initiated a crisis in the historiography of Abstract Expressionism. This paper argues that despite being produced to serve an illustrative role for the Art News series ‘An Artists Paints a Picture’, Burckhardt and Namuth’s photographs of Pollock provide a glimpse of the analytic complexity photography offered art criticism

Child disobedience and noncompliance: A review [IF: 3.4]

Child disobedience and noncompliance is a recurring problem frequently brought to the attention of pediatricians and others working with children and their parents. This article reviews empirical studies concerning childhood noncompliance. Definitions of noncompliance (also called disobedience) are presented, and observational studies that have measured noncompliance in the laboratory and at home are reviewed. Studies show considerable variability in the prevalence of noncompliance, but demonstrate that it is a frequent problem for parents. Longitudinal data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study are presented to more closely examine the onset and stability of noncompliance in childhood and adolescence. Evidence suggests that extreme childhood noncompliance is relatively stable over time, peaking slightly during early adolescence and decreasing during late adolescence. Studies indicate that for some children noncompliance predicts aggression and externalizing problems. Antecedents of noncompliance including parental discipline techniques and child characteristics are reviewed. Parent training programs designed to reduce noncompliance are described, and the effectiveness of such programs is examined

Spacetime torsion and parity violation: a gauge invariant formulation

The possibility of parity violation through spacetime torsion has been explored in a scenario containing fields with different spins. Taking the Kalb-Ramond field as the source of torsion, an explicitly parity violating $U(1)_{EM}$ gauge invariant theory has been constructed by extending the KR field with a Chern-Simons term.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe

Observation simulation experiments with regional prediction models

Research efforts in FY 1990 included studies employing regional scale numerical models as aids in evaluating potential contributions of specific satellite observing systems (current and future) to numerical prediction. One study involves Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) which mimic operational initialization/forecast cycles but incorporate simulated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) radiances as input data. The objective of this and related studies is to anticipate the potential value of data from these satellite systems, and develop applications of remotely sensed data for the benefit of short range forecasts. Techniques are also being used that rely on numerical model-based synthetic satellite radiances to interpret the information content of various types of remotely sensed image and sounding products. With this approach, evolution of simulated channel radiance image features can be directly interpreted in terms of the atmospheric dynamical processes depicted by a model. Progress is being made in a study using the internal consistency of a regional prediction model to simplify the assessment of forced diabatic heating and moisture initialization in reducing model spinup times. Techniques for model initialization are being examined, with focus on implications for potential applications of remote microwave observations, including AMSU and Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I), in shortening model spinup time for regional prediction

Oxygen-related traps in pentacene thin films: Energetic position and implications for transistor performance

We studied the influence of oxygen on the electronic trap states in a pentacene thin film. This was done by carrying out gated four-terminal measurements on thin-film transistors as a function of temperature and without ever exposing the samples to ambient air. Photooxidation of pentacene is shown to lead to a peak of trap states centered at 0.28 eV from the mobility edge, with trap densities of the order of 10(18) cm(-3). These trap states need to be occupied at first and cause a reduction in the number of free carriers, i.e. a consistent shift of the density of free holes as a function of gate voltage. Moreover, the exposure to oxygen reduces the mobility of the charge carriers above the mobility edge. We correlate the change of these transport parameters with the change of the essential device parameters, i.e. subthreshold performance and effective field-effect mobility. This study supports the assumption of a mobility edge for charge transport, and contributes to a detailed understanding of an important degradation mechanism of organic field-effect transistors. Deep traps in an organic field-effect transistor reduce the effective field-effect mobility by reducing the number of free carriers and their mobility above the mobility edge.Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Mixtures of tails in clustered automobile collision claims

Knowledge of the tail shape of claim distributions provides important actuarial information. This paper discusses how two techniques commonly used in assessing the most appropriate underlying distribution can be usefully combined. The maximum likelihood approach is theoretically appealing since it is preferable to many other estimators in the sense of best asymptotic normality. Likelihood based tests are, however, not always capable to discriminate among non-nested classes of distributions. Extremal value theory offers an attractive tool to overcome this problem. It shows that a much larger set of distributions is nested in their tails by the so-called tail parameter. This paper shows that both estimation strategies can be usefully combined when the data generating process is characterized by strong clustering in time and size. We find that the extreme value theory is a useful starting point in detecting the appropriate distribution class. Once that has been achieved, the likelihood-based EM-algorithm is proposed to capture the clustering phenomena. Clustering is particularly pervasive in actuarial data. An empirical application to a four-year data set of Dutch automobile collision claims is therefore used to illustrate the approach

Higgs-graviscalar mixing in type I string theory

We investigate the possibility of mixing between open and closed string excitations in D-brane models with the fundamental string scale at the TeV. The open string modes describe the Standard Model Higgs, while closed strings describe graviscalars living in the bulk. This provides a string setup for computing the Higgs-graviscalar mixing, that leads to a phenomenologically interesting invisible width of the Higgs in low scale quantum gravity models, as suggested previously by Giudice, Rattazzi and Wells.Comment: 20 pages, typos correcte

Strings in gravity with torsion

A theory of gravitation in 4D is presented with strings used in the material action in $U_4$ spacetime. It is shown that the string naturally gives rise to torsion. It is also shown that the equation of motion a string follows from the Bianchi identity, gives the identical result as the Noether conservation laws, and follows a geodesic only in the lowest order approximation. In addition, the conservation laws show that strings naturally have spin, which arises not from their motion but from their one dimensional structure.Comment: 16 page

Extraction of BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F with a Single, High Affinity Monoclonal Antibody for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin by Endopep-MS

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are extremely potent toxins that are capable of causing respiratory failure leading to long-term intensive care or death. The best treatment for botulism includes serotype-specific antitoxins, which are most effective when administered early in the course of the intoxication. Early confirmation of human exposure to any serotype of BoNT is an important public health goal. In previous work, we focused on developing Endopep-MS, a mass spectrometry-based endopeptidase method for detecting and differentiating the seven serotypes (BoNT/A-G) in buffer and BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F (the four serotypes that commonly affect humans) in clinical samples. We have previously reported the success of antibody-capture to purify and concentrate BoNTs from complex matrices, such as clinical samples. However, to check for any one of the four serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E, or /F, each sample is split into 4 aliquots, and tested for the specific serotypes separately. The discovery of a unique monoclonal antibody that recognizes all four serotypes of BoNT/A, /B, /E and /F allows us to perform simultaneous detection of all of them. When applied in conjunction with the Endopep-MS assay, the detection limit for each serotype of BoNT with this multi-specific monoclonal antibody is similar to that obtained when using other serotype-specific antibodies