The three-nucleon system as a laboratory for nuclear physics: the need for 3N forces

Recent experimental results in three-body systems have unambiguously shown that calculations based on nucleon-nucleon forces fail to accurately describe many experimental observables and one needs to include effects which are beyond the realm of the two-body potentials. This conclusion owes its significance to the fact that experiments and calculations can both be performed with a high accuracy. In this short review, a sample of recent experimental results along with the results of the state-of-the-art calculations will be presented and discussed.Comment: Commissioned article for Nuclear Physics News, 8 pages, 6 figure

Matter radius of the doubly-magic ⁵⁶ Ni measured in a storage ring

The matter radius of the doubly magic 56Ni was extracted from a measurement of the differential cross section by employing, for the first time, elastic proton scattering in inverse kinematics with a radioactive beam at Ekin= 390.2 MeV/nucleon circulating in a storage ring and passing an internal hydrogen gas-jet target with a revolution frequency of around 2 MHz. The novel experimental scheme is based on UHV-compatible Si detectors operated as active vacuum windows, which were implemented in the ESR storage ring at GSI. A matter radius &lt;rm2&gt;1/2=3.74-0.06+0.03 fm was extracted for the doubly-magic self-conjugate nucleus 56Ni.</p

Accurate simultaneous lead stopping power and charge-state measurements in gases and solids:Benchmark data for basic atomic theory and nuclear applications

We have measured for the first time simultaneously both the mean charge states and stopping powers of (35–280) MeV/u 208Pb ions in gases and solids with an accuracy of 1%. The existence at lower energies and disappearance at higher of density effects in the charge-state distribution and the corresponding stopping power are directly confirmed and comparisons with widely used theories and simulations for heavy ions demonstrate strong deviations of up to 27%. However, an unprecedented prediction power of better than 3% has been achieved for the energy loss when the measured mean charge-states are implemented in the Lindhard-Sørensen theory. Our present benchmark data contribute to an improved understanding of the basic atomic collision processes and to numerous applications in nuclear physics. Extending the GANIL data [1] to higher accuracy and energies, we can now answer at which velocities the Bohr-Lindhard density effect in stopping will vanish.</p

Spectroscopy of η⁰-mesic nuclei with WASA at GSI/FAIR

We plan to conduct an experimental search for η0-mesic nuclei in order to investigate in-medium properties of the η0 meson. A 2.5 GeV proton beam is employed to produce η0-mesic 11C nuclei with the 12C(p,d)η0⊗ 11C reaction. Simultaneous measurements of the forward ejected deuterons and decay protons from η0-mesic nuclei will allow us to achieve high experimental sensitivity. The experiment will be performed at GSI by making full use of the fragment separator FRS and the WASA detector system. The plan of this proposed experiment is described.</p

Observation of a Vector Charmoniumlike State at 4.7 GeV/c2 and Search for Zcs in e+e- →k+K-J/ψ

Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 5.85 fb-1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.61 to 4.95 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the cross section for the process e+e-→K+K-J/ψ. A new resonance with a mass of M=4708-15+17±21 MeV/c2 and a width of Γ=126-23+27±30 MeV is observed in the energy-dependent line shape of the e+e-→K+K-J/ψ cross section with a significance over 5σ. The K+J/ψ system is also investigated to search for charged charmoniumlike states, but no significant Zcs+ states are observed. Upper limits on the Born cross sections for e+e-→K-Zcs(3985)+/K-Zcs(4000)++c.c. with Zcs(3985)±/Zcs(4000)±→K±J/ψ are reported at 90% confidence levels. The ratio of branching fractions {[B(Zcs(3985)+→K+J/ψ)]/B[Zcs(3985)+→(D¯0Ds∗++D¯∗0Ds+)]} is measured to be less than 0.03 at 90% confidence level. © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society

WASA-FRS EXPERIMENTS IN FAIR PHASE-0 AT GSI

We have developed a new and unique experimental setup integrating the central part of the Wide Angle Shower Apparatus (WASA) into the Fragment Separator (FRS) at GSI. This combination opens up possibilities of new experiments with high-resolution spectroscopy at forward 0◦ and measurements of light decay particles with nearly full solid-angle acceptance in coincidence. The first series of the WASA-FRS experiments have been successfully carried out in 2022. The developed experimental setup and two physics experiments performed in 2022 including the status of the preliminary data analysis are introduced.</p

Observation of a Vector Charmoniumlike State at 4.7 GeV/c2 and Search for Zcs in e+e- →k+K-J/ψ

Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 5.85 fb-1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.61 to 4.95 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the cross section for the process e+e-→K+K-J/ψ. A new resonance with a mass of M=4708-15+17±21 MeV/c2 and a width of Γ=126-23+27±30 MeV is observed in the energy-dependent line shape of the e+e-→K+K-J/ψ cross section with a significance over 5σ. The K+J/ψ system is also investigated to search for charged charmoniumlike states, but no significant Zcs+ states are observed. Upper limits on the Born cross sections for e+e-→K-Zcs(3985)+/K-Zcs(4000)++c.c. with Zcs(3985)±/Zcs(4000)±→K±J/ψ are reported at 90% confidence levels. The ratio of branching fractions {[B(Zcs(3985)+→K+J/ψ)]/B[Zcs(3985)+→(D¯0Ds∗++D¯∗0Ds+)]} is measured to be less than 0.03 at 90% confidence level. © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society

Measurements of the absolute branching fractions of ω- Decays and test of the Δi=1/2 rule

Based on a dataset of (27.12±0.10)×108 ψ(3686) events collected at the BESIII experiment, the absolute branching fractions of the three dominant ω- decays are measured to be Bω-→Ξ0π-=(25.03±0.44±0.53)%, Bω-→Ξ-π0=(8.43±0.52±0.28)%, and Bω-→ΛK-=(66.3±0.8±2.0)%, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The ratio between Bω-→Ξ0π- and Bω-→Ξ-π0 is determined to be 2.97±0.19±0.11, which is in good agreement with the PDG value of 2.74±0.15, but greater by more than four standard deviations than the theoretical prediction of 2 obtained from the ΔI=1/2 rule. © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.<br/

Observation of a Vector Charmoniumlike State at 4.7 GeV/c2 and Search for Zcs in e+e- →k+K-J/ψ

Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 5.85 fb-1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.61 to 4.95 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the cross section for the process e+e-→K+K-J/ψ. A new resonance with a mass of M=4708-15+17±21 MeV/c2 and a width of Γ=126-23+27±30 MeV is observed in the energy-dependent line shape of the e+e-→K+K-J/ψ cross section with a significance over 5σ. The K+J/ψ system is also investigated to search for charged charmoniumlike states, but no significant Zcs+ states are observed. Upper limits on the Born cross sections for e+e-→K-Zcs(3985)+/K-Zcs(4000)++c.c. with Zcs(3985)±/Zcs(4000)±→K±J/ψ are reported at 90% confidence levels. The ratio of branching fractions {[B(Zcs(3985)+→K+J/ψ)]/B[Zcs(3985)+→(D¯0Ds∗++D¯∗0Ds+)]} is measured to be less than 0.03 at 90% confidence level. © 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society