Piezoelectric Sensor for Human Pulse Detection

Diagnosis according to Ayurveda is to find the root cause of a disease. Out of eight differentkinds of examinations, nadi-pariksha is very important. By checking the pulse, the Ayurvedicphysician finds the predominant dosha out of the three - vata, pitta and kapha. Nadi-parikshais done at the root of the thumb by examining the radial artery. Presently, this technique issubjective and the accuracy of the diagnosis depends upon the expertise of the Ayurvedicphysician. As a first step towards making the diagnosis by nadi-pariksha objective, humanpulse detection and processing system has been developed.Piezoelectric sensor was used for human pulse detection. The pulse signals obtained fromthe piezoelectric sensor were processed through signal processing circuitry. The signal provessingcircuit consists of signal amplifier, filters, and noise-reduction circuit. The signal processingcircuit has been designed, built, and tested. The performance of the developed system wasevaluated by recording the pulses of people (subject) having different doshas. Pulse shapes,repetition  rate, amplitude were found to be different for people having different doshas.Performance of the signal processing circuit and the pulse waveforms obtained have beenpresented and analysed

A study of multiplex data bus techniques for the space shuttle

A comprehensive technology base for the design of a multiplexed data bus subsystem is provided. Extensive analyses, both analytical and empirical, were performed. Subjects covered are classified under the following headings: requirements identification and analysis; transmission media studies; signal design and detection studies; synchronization, timing, and control studies; user-subsystem interface studies; operational reliability analyses; design of candidate data bus configurations; and evaluation of candidate data bus designs

Dave Kalange Folder

2 pages of family history documents containing and related to Dave Kalange - including: McCall kayaker; Star News articl

The Effect of Prostaglandin E2 and L-Thyroxine on Experimental Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Cavia Porcellus

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the local submucosal injection of osteoclast activators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or L- thyroxine (T4) could increase the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in guinea pigs. Also, the objective was to evaluate whether or not the effects of the local administration of such osteoclast activators remain localized or are manifested at sites distant from the area of injection. Additionally, the intent was to search for possible adverse systemic side effects as measured by a drop in body weight. as well as to evaluate the effect of prostaglandin Ez and L-thyroxine on bone morphology and cemental root surface topography. Orthodontic appliances were placed on the maxillary and mandibular incisors of 30 male Hartley guinea pigs (10 control, 10 PGEz treated, 10 T4 treated). During the experiment, suspensions of prostaglandin E2. L-thyroxine, and a control suspension were injected submucosally on the lateral bone surface of each maxillary incisor of the corresponding groups. The animals injected with prostaglandin E2 and L-thyroxine showed significantly increased rates of tooth movement in the maxilla when compared to the control. There was no significant difference in the rates of tooth movement for the mandibular incisors. Also, there was no significant difference with respect to body weight or root surface topography, and the general histologic picture was one of a normal response to orthodontic forces

Thyroid hormones increase stomach goblet cell numbers and mucin expression during indomethacin induced ulcer healing in Wistar rats

Abstract Background Gastric ulcers are mucosal discontinuities that may extend into the mucosa, submucosa or even deeper. They result from an imbalance between mucosal aggressors and protective mechanisms that include the mucus bicarbonate layer. Thyroid hormones have been shown to accelerate gastric ulcer healing in part by increasing the adherent mucus levels. However, the effects of thyroid hormones on goblet cell numbers and expression of neutral and acidic mucins during ulcer healing have not been investigated. Methods Thirty six adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups each with six animals. Group 1 (normal control) and group 2 (negative control) were given normal saline for eight weeks. Groups 3 and 4 were given 100 μg/kg per day per os of thyroxine so as to induce hyperthyroidism. Groups 5 and 6 received 0.01% (w/v) Propylthiouracil (PTU) for 8 weeks so as to induce hypothyroidism. After thyroid hormonal levels were confirmed using radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assays, ulcer induction was done using 40 mg/kg intragastric single dose of Indomethacin in groups 2, 3 and 5. Stomachs were extracted after day 3 and 7 of ulcer induction for histological examination. Histochemistry was carried out using Periodic Acid Shiff and Alcian Blue. The number of acidic and neutral goblet cells were determined by counting numbers per field. Mucin expression (%) was determined using Quick Photo Industrial software version 3.1. Results The numbers of neutral goblet cells (cells/field) increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the ulcer+thyroxine (14.67 ± 0.33), thyroxine (17.04 ± 1.71) and ulcer+PTU (12.89 ± 1.06) groups compared to the normal control (10.78 ± 1.07) at day 3. For the acidic goblet cells, differences between treatment groups were more pronounced at day 7 between the ulcer+thyroxine (22.56 ± 1.26) and thyroxine (22.89 ± 0.80). We further showed that percentage expression of both neutral and acidic mucins was significantly higher in the ulcer+thyroxine (9.23 ± 0.17 and 6.57 ± 0.35 respectively) and thyroxine groups (9.66 ± 0.21 and 6.33 ± 0.38 respectively) as compared to the normal control group (4.08 ± 0.20 and 4.38 ± 0.11 respectively) at day 3 after ulcer induction. Conclusion This study confirms the role played by thyroid hormones in healing of indomethacin induced gastric ulcers. The study further demonstrates increased numbers of both neutral and acidic goblet cells and the increase in expression of both neutral and acidic mucins during healing of indomethacin induced ulcers

Response of cardiac pulse parameters in humans at various inclinations via 360° rotating platform for simulated microgravity perspective

Abstract On the Earth, the human body is designed and adapted to function under uniform gravitational acceleration. However, exposure to microgravity or weightlessness as experienced by astronauts in space causes significant alterations in the functioning of the human cardiovascular system. Due to limitations in using real microgravity platforms, researchers opted for various ground-based microgravity analogs including head-down tilt (HDT) at fixed inclination. However, in the present study, an investigation of response of various cardiac parameters and their circulatory adaptation in 18 healthy male subjects was undertaken by using an indigenously developed 360° rotating platform. Cardiac pulse was recorded from 0° to 360° in steps of 30° inclination using piezoelectric pulse sensor (MLT1010) and associated cardiac parameters were analyzed. The results showed significant changes in the pulse shape while an interesting oscillating pattern was observed in associated cardiac parameters when rotated from 0° to 360°. The response of cardiac parameters became normal after returning to supine posture indicating the ability of the cardiovascular system to reversibly adapt to the postural changes. The observed changes in cardiac parameters at an inclination of 270°, in particular, were found to be comparable with spaceflight studies. Based on the obtained results and the proposed extended version of fluid redistribution mechanism, we herewith hypothesize that the rotation of a subject to head down tilt inclination (270°) along with other inclinations could represent a better microgravity analog for understanding the cumulative cardiac response of astronauts in space, particularly for short duration space missions

Additional file 1: of Thyroid hormones increase stomach goblet cell numbers and mucin expression during indomethacin induced ulcer healing in Wistar rats

Table S1. Treatments administered to the different groups. (DOCX 12 kb

Combined Donepezil and Ethanolic Extract of Propolis Improved Memory Better Than Donepezil and Propolis Monotherapy in Wild Type Drosophila melanogaster

Background. Donepezil is the most common drug used in the treatment of disorders associated with memory loss, especially that in Alzheimer’s disease. Healthy individuals however have continued to use it as a memory enhancer. This study was aimed at evaluating the combined therapy of donepezil and propolis on cognition in Drosophila melanogaster. Method. Drosophila melanogaster flies were divided into five groups and fed with the different treatment doses of ethanolic extract of propolis and donepezil as follows: normal food, propolis 250 mg/mL, propolis 50 mg/mL, donepezil 0.001M, and donepezil 0.001M/propolis 50 mg/mL added to their food. The flies were fed from larval stage for 30 days. The memory and learning tests were conducted after every 10 days to assess improvement with time. Results. The results obtained showed that the combination of propolis with donepezil caused a remarkable improvement in both the short- and long-term memory. In addition, there was a dose dependent improvement with the administration of propolis. Conclusion. Propolis extract obtained from different parts of Uganda expressed cognitive improvement when coadministered with donepezil in wild type Drosophila melanogaster