Neurodevelopment Hypothesis of Schizophrenia and the Structural Neuroimaging as a Tool to Prove it

Abstract: According to the neurodevelopment hypothesis of schizophrenia it is a disorder due to brain damaging during the intrauterine or early childhood years, manifesting decades later symptomatically.In a metaanalysis in 2001, 193 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural studies have been reviewed.The data confirmed earlier findings by computer tomography (CT) studies – consistent enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and decreased volume of the temporal lobe.Decreased volume of the whole brain, ventricular dilatation, widening of the brain sulci are features defining brain atrophy.The most common CT markers of defining the brain atrophy are:1.Internal cerebrospinal fluid amplitudes:Frontal horns index (FHI); Huckmann’s number (HZ); Cella media index (CMI); III and IV ventricle amplitudes.2.External cerebrospinal fluid amplitudes:Cizternae insulares, Frontal interhaemispheric sulcus, Number of the sulci, Sulci width3.Temporal lobe amplitudeThe new directions of studying the structural anomalies of the schizophrenic brain lean towards studying more homogenic groups of patients, linking the changes to actual stages of the disorder, comparing structural with functional changes

PHYSICAL METHODS IN AGRO-FOOD CHAIN

Chemical additives (fertilizers and plant protection preparations) are largely used for improving the production yield of food produce. Their application often causes the contamination of raw materials for food production, which can be dangerous for the health of consumers. Alternative methods are developed and implemented to improve and ensure the safety of on-farm production. The substitution of chemical fertilizers and soil additives with alternative treatment methods, such as irradiation, ultrasound and the use of electromagnetic energy are discussed. Successful application of physical methods in different stages of food-preparation is recommended

Electron effective mass in Al0.72_{0.72}Ga0.28_{0.28}N alloys determined by mid-infrared optical Hall effect

The effective electron mass parameter in Si-doped Al$_{0.72}$Ga$_{0.28}$N is determined to be $m^\ast=(0.336\pm0.020)\,m_0$ from mid-infrared optical Hall effect measurements. No significant anisotropy of the effective electron mass parameter is found supporting theoretical predictions. Assuming a linear change of the effective electron mass with the Al content in AlGaN alloys and $m^\ast=0.232\,m_0$ for GaN, an average effective electron mass of $m^\ast=0.376\,m_0$ can be extrapolated for AlN. The analysis of mid-infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements further confirms the two phonon mode behavior of the E$_1$(TO) and one phonon mode behavior of the A$_1$(LO) phonon mode in high-Al-content AlGaN alloys as seen in previous Raman scattering studies

Применение метода Гаусса для решения системы линейных алгебраических уравнений больших размерностей в кластерных системах

Материалы IX Междунар. межвуз. науч.-техн. конф. студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов,Гомель, 28–29 апр. 2009 г