THE RESOLUTION OF CONFLICT BETWEEN TEACHER AND STUDENT: TEACHERS’ NARRATIVES

The significant thing for teachers is to settle conflicts with students correctly and effectively without disrupting educational process and damaging the relationship. Dispite teacher-student conflicts are unevitable, and important consequences arise there from, teacher-student conflicts remain poorly studied. The present study aims to examine the strategies teachers use to resolve teacher-student conflicts. To investigate the process of conflict between a teacher and a student, a case study method was used. Respondents – teachers - were asked to recall a conflict occurring between them and a student during the school years, describe how the incident was handled, and the consequences of it. The number of respondents constituted 31 teachers. Their average age was 43, 6 years. By gender there were 2 males and 29 females; work experience was from 2 till 35 years.An analysis of the cases enabled to distinguish two groups of teachers’ reactions to the conflicts. One of them is focus on communication with student on the issue and discovering of the reasons of his / her behaviour. Resolving conflict in a cooperative way involves teacher’s endeavours to perceive accurately student’s positions and motivation, recognise the legitimacy of each other’s interests, and search for a solution accommodating the needs of both sides. The second group of teachers’ reactions to the conflicts manifests itself by the lack of the reflection of the motives and causes of the student’s inappropriate behaviour. Thus, recorded conflicts are considered as non cooperative (destructive) ones.This study give insight into the role of teacher in relation to conflict resolution with student. Findings of the study emphasize the need for teachers to critically determine meaningful conflict resolution strategies

PARENTS ATTITUDE TO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF THE CHILDREN IN THE FAMILY

The development of pre-school children is very intensive and distinguishes itself by development periods with the expression of the features that are peculiar to them and which their parents are not always able to recognize and react appropriately and be in keeping with needs of the children. Therefore, a danger arises for a child to suffer non-adequate reaction, even aggression from his parents. The research aims to uncover parents’ attitude to pre-school children aggressive behavior in a family. 180 parents of 2-6 year old children attending Lithuania Raseiniai town pre-school training institutions participated in the research. The research revealed that parents unduly understand and interpret behavior that is typical for pre-school age children regarding it as aggressive. An inappropriate interpretation of child’s behavior induces parents to take up inadequate measures for correcting such behavior. More than one third of parents state that physical punishment can sometimes be effective means to educate children

NEED ASSESSMENT FOR DESIGNING TRAINING COURSE FOR PARENTS IN PREVENTING VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN

Lithuania prohibited by law any kind of violence against children, however, reported cases as well as previous and resent representative research show that the problem still exists. The state takes various measures to prevent violence against children, and parents’ training is one of such possibilities, however, the parental training in Lithuania is not effective and one possible reason could be that various courses are not based on parents’ needs. The goal of this article is to present data of need analysis which was done as a prerequisite for training course development. The article is based on qualitative study by interviewing parents about their knowledge, perceptions and need for training. Research participants have knowledge about violence against children, they name and discuss physical violence, corporal punishment, neglect, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, however, do not differentiate them strictly. They see the need of parental training in preventing violence against children. The most wanted topics are reasons of the violence, knowledge about child development as they understand that children in different development stages have different needs and parents’ reactions to misbehaviour should be adequate to the development stage. Also, general topic of parenting – what does it mean, how to become a good mother/farther – is named during interviews

Applying monocausal, bicausal and primary therapeutic intervention models in the Lithuanian children’s rights protection system

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0In 1992, Lithuania joined the Convention on the Rights of the Child, thus committing to ensuring children’s rights by all possible means. Parents take primary responsibility for the implementation of children’s rights, but in cases where a parent uses their authority against the interests of their child, the State has the power to intervene in a family. T. Furniss (1991) distinguished three basic models of intervention: Primary Punitive Intervention (PPI) (the monocausal model); Primary Children Protective Intervention (PCI) (the bicausal model); and Primary Therapeutic Intervention (PTI). The goal of this article is to discuss reforms in the children’s rights protection system in Lithuania by applying T. Furniss’ theoretical model. For a long time, the monocausal model dominated in the country. In 2017, corporal punishment was prohibited by law, which provided an impetus for the further reorganizational development of the children’s rights protection system. In 2018, new interventions and methods of social assistance such as case management and mobile teams were established, and these methods became responsible for the protection of children’s rights when a family faces challenges. Thus, the principles of the bicausal model were introduced, and further changes in 2020 added traits of the PTI model

Ensuring the Best Interests of the Child in Parents` Conflict: Experiences of Divorcing Families

CC BY 4.0Divorce causes structural family changes, which require specific decisions to be made. While making any decision that might have any impact on ones‘ children welfare it is necessary to consider what is best for the children, thus children should be involved in the decision-making process. This article aims to investigate what sort of challenges parents under the divorce process face while they seek to ensure that children interests would be met. In order to conduct such an investigation, a qualitative methodology is employed. For data collection, analysis utilizes the semi-structured interview method, for the analysis of data the method of qualitative content analysis is being used. The research analysed seven couples of parents, all these couples are undergoing the divorce process and has children under 18 years of age. Research‘s data reveals that it is important for parents to meet the needs of a child, to protect the child from negative effects of the divorce, to keep the child in touch with both parents, to involve the child in the changes that are caused by the divorce. However, parents have different evaluations of children needs, on one hand, some parents do consider a child‘s opinion as of utmost importance, on the other hand, some parents believe that child‘s opinion is irrelevant. It is also has been noticed that while parents aim to ensure that child keeps in touch with both of the separated parents, conflict occurs between the parents and the child and among the parents themselves. Parents usually fight with the child over a couple of issues. Firstly, children find it inappropriate to have restricted conditions for interaction with separately living parents. Secondly, it is usually unacceptable for a child to live in a household without his father or mother. Conflicts among divorced parents occur due to different approaches to childcare as well as disputes during collaboration agreement implementation

ENSURING THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD IN PARENTS` CONFLICT: EXPERIENCES OF DIVORCING FAMILIES

Divorce causes structural family changes, which require specific decisions to be made. While making any decision that might have any impact on ones‘ children welfare it is necessary to consider what is best for the children, thus children should be involved in the decision-making process. This article aims to investigate what sort of challenges parents under the divorce process face while they seek to ensure that children interests would be met.In order to conduct such an investigation, a qualitative methodology is employed. For data collection, analysis utilizes the semi-structured interview method, for the analysis of data the method of qualitative content analysis is being used. The research analysed seven couples of parents, all these couples are undergoing the divorce process and has children under 18 years of age.Research‘s data reveals that it is important for parents to meet the needs of a child, to protect the child from negative effects of the divorce, to keep the child in touch with both parents, to involve the child in the changes that are caused by the divorce. However, parents have different evaluations of children needs, on one hand, some parents do consider a child‘s opinion as of utmost importance, on the other hand, some parents believe that child‘s opinion is irrelevant. It is also has been noticed that while parents aim to ensure that child keeps in touch with both of the separated parents, conflict occurs between the parents and the child and among the parents themselves. Parents usually fight with the child over a couple of issues. Firstly, children find it inappropriate to have restricted conditions for interaction with separately living parents. Secondly, it is usually unacceptable for a child to live in a household without his father or mother. Conflicts among divorced parents occur due to different approaches to childcare as well as disputes during collaboration agreement implementation.

EU HEALTHY GATEWAYS Joint Action—Contributions to European Public Health Preparedness and Response at Points of Entry

The joint action EU HEALTHY GATEWAYS (EUHG) aimed to support cooperation and coordinated action of MS to improve their preparedness and response capacities at PoE, for preventing and combating cross-border health threats from the transport sector. The aim of this study is to present how EUHG supported strengthening of core public health capacities at ports during routine operations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods used included surveys, literature reviews, in(tra)-action reviews, focus and expert working groups, site visits, exercises, inspection grading system methodology. In addition, the EU Common Ship Sanitation Database (EUSIS) was used as a tool to collect information on health conditions on board and to share information about public health events. EUHG network established the EUPOENET and implemented the European passenger ship inspections programme implementation where 558 inspectors in the EU SIS recorded 33,184 Ship Sanitation Certificates, followed up >80 public health events via the port communication form out of which 22 were COVID-19 related, and recorded > 4600 hygienic deficiencies. EUHG developed a web-based, searchable catalogue of best practices, SOPs for mosquito surveillance and control, a model MoU describing cooperation among authorities at ports, a tool was produced for development/assessment of contingency plans (ports), a tool serving group-based discussions about what defines risk at port level. EUHG conducted training courses and European level multi-sectorial TTE. The EUHG network of experts supported EU’s COVID-19 response by developing 16 technical guidance documents, provided >40 expert consultations and conducted three site visits and short seminars, two national level IAR and a European level meeting using IAR methodology and produced over five scientific publications. The JA’s network contribution to the pandemic has been globally acknowledged, recognized and demonstrated, with the network immediately activated to support EC and MS requests, and transport restart operations in 2020–2021

EU HEALTHY GATEWAYS Joint Action—Contributions to European Public Health Preparedness and Response at Points of Entry

The joint action EU HEALTHY GATEWAYS (EUHG) aimed to support cooperation and coordinated action of MS to improve their preparedness and response capacities at PoE, for preventing and combating cross-border health threats from the transport sector. The aim of this study is to present how EUHG supported strengthening of core public health capacities at ports during routine operations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods used included surveys, literature reviews, in(tra)-action reviews, focus and expert working groups, site visits, exercises, inspection grading system methodology. In addition, the EU Common Ship Sanitation Database (EUSIS) was used as a tool to collect information on health conditions on board and to share information about public health events. EUHG network established the EUPOENET and implemented the European passenger ship inspections programme implementation where 558 inspectors in the EU SIS recorded 33,184 Ship Sanitation Certificates, followed up >80 public health events via the port communication form out of which 22 were COVID-19 related, and recorded > 4600 hygienic deficiencies. EUHG developed a web-based, searchable catalogue of best practices, SOPs for mosquito surveillance and control, a model MoU describing cooperation among authorities at ports, a tool was produced for development/assessment of contingency plans (ports), a tool serving group-based discussions about what defines risk at port level. EUHG conducted training courses and European level multi-sectorial TTE. The EUHG network of experts supported EU’s COVID-19 response by developing 16 technical guidance documents, provided >40 expert consultations and conducted three site visits and short seminars, two national level IAR and a European level meeting using IAR methodology and produced over five scientific publications. The JA’s network contribution to the pandemic has been globally acknowledged, recognized and demonstrated, with the network immediately activated to support EC and MS requests, and transport restart operations in 2020–2021