STANCE IN ACADEMIC WRITING

This corpus-based study investigated authorial stance in research articles; how non-native (Turks) and (Spaniards) and native English speaker academic writers (American) expressed their stance in the research article (RA), published in a refereed international journal. The data for this study originated from 45 research articles, published in Social Behavior and Personality between 1993 and 2007. All of the modal verbs and their functions in the Conclusion section of the corpus were identified by Wordsmith Tools, a computer program; statistical analysis was done using Varbrul, a multivariate analysis program. The analyses of the data indicated the existence of both qualitative and quantitative similarities and differences among the groups. The findings demonstrated that both native and non-native English speaking academic writers are well aware of the conventions of their global and local discourse communities.  Article visualizations

Genetic mapping of novel mutation, UV90, and its effects on the Neurospora crassa circadian system

Neurospora crassa is a model organism for circadian rhythm research. The FRQ-WCC feedback loop is the main mechanism driving rhythms in Neurospora. Recent evidence revealed a second oscillator in the absence of the FRQ-WCC loop, the FRQ-less oscillator (FLO). The purpose of this study was to identify the components and mechanism of the FLO. One mutation, UV90, disrupts the rhythmic conidiation of the FLO, and locating this gene will lead to better understanding of the FLO mechanism. Mapping of the UV90 gene location was performed using Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) markers and gene knockout screens. DNA sequencing and complementation tests were performed to characterize the nature of the mutation and confirm the restoration of the UV90 phenotype. Sequencing and complementation tests failed to reveal the exact nature of the mutation; however mapping and gene knockout studies confirmed the UV90 gene is represented by locus NCU05950 on Linkage Group VI

TURKISH PREP SCHOOL EFL STUDENTS’ BELIEFS ABOUT LANGUAGE LEARNING

This study investigates the relationship between Turkish EFL learners’ beliefs about language learning and learner features, such as gender, age, and language proficiency level. The study was conducted at Anadolu University, School of Foreign Languages, with the participation of 242 Turkish prep school EFL students with different levels of English proficiency in the spring semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The data were collected using Horwitz’s inventory (1987), “Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory” (BALLI). The results of the study showed no significant relationship between the participants’ features, that is, gender, age, and language proficiency level and their beliefs about language learning. However, subtle relationships were discerned between the participants’ features and their beliefs about language learning. Considered in the light of the results of previous studies on the same issue, the results of our study suggest that the interplay between learner beliefs about language learning and learner features is dynamic, complex, and context-specific, which underline the importance of adopting a hands-on approach with individualized attention to the situation and a timely-intervention of students’ misplaced beliefs about language learning. Taking the results of previous studies into account, the results of this study are discussed and pedagogical implications are offered for stakeholders in language learning and teaching. Keywords: Turkish EFL learners, beliefs about language learning

Systematic review on reengineering digital processes of healthcare institutions

Objective: Organizations make changes on their processes in order to keep their costs under control while continuing their activities effectively and efficiently. This research has been carried out to evaluate the results of reengineering practices carried out within hospitals, based on cost and benefit themes. Material and Methods: Systematic review is an important method for revealing best practices and implementation results. The systematic review method was used to analyze and interpret the data of the research and to present the findings. The systematic review was made using the PRISMA flow chart. As a result of the first examination, 1931 studies were found and 13 studies that were suitable for the inclusion criteria were evaluated within the scope of the study. Results: Reengineering practices carried out in hospitals were examined under the themes of benefit and cost and it was seen that results were obtained from various perspectives. When considered in terms of benefit; while there are studies that have shown positive results such as ease of use, health output, increase in satisfaction and productivity, it is also seen that there are studies that have not shown any benefit. In terms of cost perspective, it has been observed that there are studies showing positive results in efficiency increase and saving. Conclusion: Although the investigated studies indicate efficiency, user-friendliness, increasing satisfaction, saving or increasing income as the main objective, multiple outputs have been obtained in one study. The systematic compile review study has revealed the best practice results, and it also provides suggestive for the reengineering studies to be carried out. With the studies examined, it can be said that the reengineering studies performed in technological processes yielded positive results

İbnü Cinnî’nin El-Hasâis ve Suyûtî’nin El-Müzhir Fî Ulûmi’lLuga Adlı Eserlerinin Metod ve İçerik Yönünden Karşılaştırılması

İbnü Cinnî’nin el-Hasâis ve Suyûtî’nin el-Müzhir adlıeserleri Arap dilinin önde gelen iki önemli kaynağıdır. Her iki eser de Arap dilinin her hangi bir alanında çalışma yapan bir kişinin yararlanmasıgerektiği eserlerdendir. el-Hasâis’de daha çok Arap gramerine ait konulara ağırlık verilmiş, özellikle gramerdeki illet sebep, gerekçe konusu detaylıbir şekilde işlenmiştir. elMüzhir’de ise ağırlıklıolarak dil ve edebiyat konularıişlenmiştir. Bu yüzden ikisinin ortak ele aldığıkonu sayısıoldukça sınırlıdır. İbnü Cinnî daha çok hocasıEbû Ali el-Fârisî’nin görüşlerini ön plana çıkarmışve en çok rivayeti ondan yapmıştır. Genel itibariyle naklettiği rivayetlerin ve görüşlerin doğruluğunu tartışmışve beğendiklerini öne çıkarmıştır. Onların yanısıra kendi görüşlerine de yer vermiştir. Bazen bir konuyla ilgili sadece kendi görüşünü belirttiği de olmuştur. Yüz altmışcivarında bölümden oluşan elHasâis’de Arap dilinin temel pek çok konusuna yer verilmiştir. el-Müzhir’de ise Suyûtî daha çok başkalarının görüşlerini nakletmiş, ancak görüşünü naklettiği müellifin adınıve eserini vermeyi ihmal etmemiştir. Başka eserlerden aktardığırivayetler bazen birkaç sayfayıbulmakta, bazen de birkaç kısa cümleden oluşmaktadır. Elli bölümden oluşan ve çoğunluğu derleme olan eserde müellif daha çok kendinden önce yazılmışolan sözlüklerden yararlanmış, değişik anlamlara gelen kelimelerin anlamlarınıda nakletmiştir. Ayrıca tarih, tabakât, şiir ve ahbâr kitaplarından da nakillerde bulunmuştur. Ancak Suyûtî başka eserlerden naklettiği bilgileri titiz bir ayıklamaya tabi tuttuktansonra eserine almışve kısaltmalar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada iki eserin karşılaştırmasıyapılmış, birlikte ele aldıklarıkonular, her birinin ayrıayrıele aldığıkonular belirlenerek adlarıve içerikleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Konu başlıklarından birebir örtüşenler ve bazıkelime değişiklikleriyle ayrışanlar belirtilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca her iki müellifin hayatıve hocalarıhakkında da bilgi verilmiş, önemli eserlerinin – özellikle Arap diline ait olanların – isimlerine yer verilmiştir

YOKSULLUK

Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’in “Mai ve Siyah” romanında “yoksulluk”, odak figür Ahmet Cemil özelinde ne şekilde işlenmiştir

Deneyimli ve Deneyimsiz Akademik Yazarların Atıf Uygulamaları

Citation - one of the fundamental features of academic writing –serves numerous invaluable rhetorical functions ranging inter alia from establishing intellectual linkages to demonstrating paradigmatic allegiance, from contextualizing research to enhancing persuasiveness and managing interpersonal relationships (Paul, 2000), from attribution to exemplification, from further reference to statement of use, and from application to evaluation (Petric, 2007). Although citation has been subject to various cross-linguistic and cross-disciplinary research, it has not received due importance in studies on how Turkish academic writers employ it. Hence, this corpus-based exploratory study aims to investigate citation practices of novice Turkish writers and expert native English speaking academic writers, from a dialogic viewpoint, drawing on the systemic functional perspectives and formulations of appraisal theory (Martin & White, 2005). The data of the study come from articles from the field of Applied Linguistics. All the incidences of citation in the corpus were identified and examined in an integrative analytic framework that characterized multiple aspects of citations in terms of dialogic contraction or dialogic expansion. After a detailed analysis of the citation density and types, a chi-square test was conducted to determine the significance of the differences found. The qualitative and quantitative results have indicated similarities and substantial differences in the frequency, type, and function of citation practices. These similarities and differences are interpreted in reference to the nature of cited information, epistemologies underlying discoursal and cultural practices, ethnolinguistic norms of communication, and culturally valued interpersonal relationships. Pedagogical implications gleaned from these findings are discussed.Akademik metinlerin temel özelliklerinden biri olan atıf, entelektüel bağ kurma, paradigmatik bağlılık gösterme, araştırmalarda ikna ediciliği arttırma ve kişilerarası ilişkileri yönetme (Paul, 2000), bir kaynağa dayandırma, örnekleme, vurgulama ve değerlendirme (Petric, 2007) gibi geniş bir yelpazede önemli retorik işlevlere sahiptir. Her ne kadar gerek diller arası gerekse bilimler arası çalışmaların konusu olsa da Türk akademik yazarların nasıl atıf yaptıkları üzerine yapılan çalışmalara pek rastlanmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, bütünce temelli bu araştırmanın amacı deneyimsiz Türk yazarlar ile deneyimli İngilizce konuşucusu yazarların akademik çalışmalarında atıfları nasıl kullandıklarını Systemic functional perspectives bakış açısı ve Değerlendirme Kuramı (Appraisal Theory) (Martin ve White, 2005) açısından incelemektir. Araştırmanın verileri Uygulamalı Dilbilim alanında yayınlanmış makalelerden derlenmiştir. Öncelikle bütüncedeki tüm atıf örnekleri tanımlanarak atıfların çoklu işlevleri arasında olan söylesimsel daralma veya söylesimsel açımlama boyutları da dikkate alınarak bütüncül analitik bir çerçevede incelenmiştir. Elde edilen nitel ve nicel bulgular, atıf yapma sıklığı, türü ve işlevinde benzerlik ve önemli farklar ortaya koymuştur. Bu benzerlikler ve farklılıklar, atıfta bulunulan bilgilerin doğasına, okuyucu kitlesi ve onların kültürü ile ilgili bilgibilimsel kuramlara, budundilbilim iletişim modellerine ve kültürel boyuttaki kişilerarası ilişkilere göndermeler yapılarak yorumlanmıştır. Bu bulgular ışığında ulaşılan pedagojik önerilerde çalışmada sunulmuştur

Behavioral Intervention Techniques Used in the Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Systematic Review

While obsessions are defined as unobtrusive, disturbing thoughts, compulsions are behaviors performed in the form of rituals to relieve the feeling of discomfort caused by obsessions. Behavioral therapy is based on determining the relationship and interfering with behavior by looking at the individual’s responses to environmental stimuli. The aim of this study is to describe behavioral therapy techniques used in the treatment of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to investigate their effectiveness. The study was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA directive. Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct, YÖK National thesis Center and TR Index databases were scanned in order to identify studies using behavioral techniques in OKB treatment between 2000 and 2020. As a result of the scan, 632 studies have been reached, 11 results have been evaluated. All of the reviewed studies are published research papers. Five of the articles reviewed used virtual reality, three used psychoeducation and exposure, two used exposure and response prevention techniques and one used psychoeducation, exposure and response prevention techniques. The total number of participants of the researches included in the study is 438. Based on the results of researches, techniques such as virtual reality, exposure, response prevention, psychoeducation seem to be effective when used alone or together in the treatment of OCD

A New Mutation Affecting FRQ-Less Rhythms in the Circadian System of Neurospora crassa

We are using the fungus Neurospora crassa as a model organism to study the circadian system of eukaryotes. Although the FRQ/WCC feedback loop is said to be central to the circadian system in Neurospora, rhythms can still be seen under many conditions in FRQ-less (frq knockout) strains. To try to identify components of the FRQ-less oscillator (FLO), we carried out a mutagenesis screen in a FRQ-less strain and selected colonies with altered conidiation (spore-formation) rhythms. A mutation we named UV90 affects rhythmicity in both FRQ-less and FRQ-sufficient strains. The UV90 mutation affects FRQ-less rhythms in two conditions: the free-running long-period rhythm in choline-depleted chol-1 strains becomes arrhythmic, and the heat-entrained rhythm in the frq10 knockout is severely altered. In a FRQ-sufficient background, the UV90 mutation causes damping of the free-running conidiation rhythm, reduction of the amplitude of the FRQ protein rhythm, and increased phase-resetting responses to both light and heat pulses, consistent with a decreased amplitude of the circadian oscillator. The UV90 mutation also has small but significant effects on the period of the conidiation rhythm and on growth rate. The wild-type UV90 gene product appears to be required for a functional FLO and for sustained, high-amplitude rhythms in FRQ-sufficient conditions. The UV90 gene product may therefore be a good candidate for a component of the FRQ-less oscillator. These results support a model of the Neurospora circadian system in which the FRQ/WCC feedback loop mutually interacts with a single FLO in an integrated circadian system