The impact of multichannel engagement tools on the quality of care provided by a health care professional

Today’s in the global era of digital word, things are changing and evolving around the health care professional with a patient centricity and a integrated approach for a better and healthier society, the access for accurate information for the patients is crucial to deliver the best solution for the society at large. Tools to engage the health care professionals to make them confident and improve the current practices are always on the priority, through several multi channel engagement tools that allow them to enhance the capability of their diagnostic and treatment pattern for a particular disease area while keeping the patient centricity view in the back of mind and to provide best possible solution for their customers. the purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of multi channel engagement tools on the quality of care provided by a health care professional actively serving the best practice for the community, quality information about the relevant therapy area for health care professional through email, website and conducting scientific webinar. 200 health care professionals from the hospital, private clinics were the part of this study and the given responses were analyzed and treated through statistical parameter for drawing the conclusion. the results showed that the information through the email, website marketing and scientific sessions may contribute the quality practice of health care professionals. Key words: health care professional, multi channel engagement tool, statistical parameter, scientific session

Essays on poverty, inequality and education in India and Pakistan

In the first essay, entitled “A subnational analysis of poverty convergence: Evidence from India and Pakistan”, I analyze the subnational patterns of changes in poverty within the framework of poverty convergence. I also analyze the two distinct effects of poverty at the subnational level in India and Pakistan. In the second essay, entitled “A subnational analysis of inequality convergence: evidence from India and Pakistan,” I investigate whether the income inequalities are persistent overtime at the subnational level in India and Pakistan. In the third and last essay, entitled, “School grants and educational outcomes: The impact of the non-salary budget reform in Punjab-Pakistan, I study the effects of reform on education outcomes and achievements. I analyzed a decentralized school grant for public schools and address two questions. First, does the provision of a decentralized grant affect the school’s human capital and the school’s physical infrastructure? Second, does this decentralized grant improve education outcomes and achievements

Insulin sources and types: a review of insulin in terms of its mode on diabetes mellitus

AbstractInsulin is involved in regulation of glucose utilization in the body. Inability of the body to synthesize insulin or human cells resistance to insulin leads to a condition called Diabetes mellitus which is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. There are two types of diabetes; type 1 and type 2. Exogenous supply of insulin is needed consistently for type 1 diabetes treatment and type 2 diabetes also needs to be cured by the exogenous supply of insulin in advance stages of the disease. These sources have been proved very useful to meet the needs of the patients. However, these insulin types are expensive for the large population of patients in the developing countries. Furthermore, the incidence of diabetes is advancing at an alarming rate. Hence production systems with even higher capabilities of production are desired. Therefore, currently plants are being investigated as alternative production systems. Based on the mode of action of insulin various formulations of insulin have been developed that have different onset of action, peak effect and duration of action according to the needs of the patients

Diurnal Variation of Air Quality Parameters- PM2.5 and PM10 During and Post Pandemic Period in Delhi, India

Particulate matter in the air is the contamination, considered dangerous to human health. Particulate Matter includes a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the environment. Its tiny size allows the particles to enter the circulation system through breath and travel all through the body, causing asthma and heart illness. Coronavirus has been pronounced as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by WHO on 30th January 2020. The current examination aims to compare air quality (with respect to PM2.5 and PM10) at pre-selected locations during and post COVID- 19 phase. To lead this investigation the monitoring station for air quality measuring chose is close to Hauz Khas metro station, Delhi. Complete 4 locations are chosen around CPCB Air pollution monitoring station, Hauz Khas. PM testing has been accomplished for nonstop 12 days. The monitoring time considered is from 10 am to 6 pm (8 hours). The dataset of the period (March and April of 2020) of the lockdown stage is gathered from CPCB and compared with the dataset of a similar time span (March and April 2021) utilizing Origin software programming. The contamination level increased after the lockdown stage as per the present study and improvement in air quality couldn't keep going long after the returning of businesses and vehicular exercises as per this examination

Patch testing in hand eczema: a cross-sectional study from a teaching hospital of North India

Background: Hand eczema is a common dermatological disorder in different occupational groups with multifactorial etiology. Patch Testing serves as an important tool for identifying responsible allergens.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, SKIMS-MCH, Srinagar for duration of one year from June 2016 to June 2017. Patients of either gender with hand eczema, aged 18 years and above, presenting to outpatient department were enrolled in the study. After taking informed written consent from patients, a detailed history was taken, and clinical examination was performed on first visit. Patch testing with Indian Standard Series was performed a fortnight after complete resolution of signs and symptoms of eczema and after complete withdrawal of the drugs.Results: Out of 116 patients 60 (51.7%) were males and 56 (48.3%) were females. Male to female ratio was 1.07:1. Mean age of presentation of females was 35.42±12.52years and of males was 49.2±10.01years. The commonest allergen was Nickel sulphate (23.2%) followed by Potassium dichromate (15.1%). Nickel sulphate was most common allergen in females while Cobalt sulphate and Paraphenylene diamine were most common allergens in males. House wives (36.2%) and farmers (11.2%) were occupations with high frequency of hand eczema.Conclusions: Patch testing in clinically diagnosed cases of hand eczema can play a vital role in not just the confirmation of the label but can also reduce the socio-economic burden on such patients

RAPD AND SSR BASED GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF ELITE-2 SET OF SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID WHEATS

Background: Synthetic hexaploid wheats are artificially reconstituted hexaploid wheats that possess high genetic variation which could be utilized for the development of new improved wheat varieties. One such group of synthetic wheats is called the Elite-II set of synthetic wheats that are derived from crossing durum wheat with different Aegilops tauschii wheats. Materials and Methods: In the current study genetic diversity was investigated among 18 Elite-II synthetic hexaploid wheat lines at DNA level. Two types of molecular markers i.e. RAPD and SSR were used for this purpose. Results: Both types of markers proved useful in estimating the overall genetic diversity among these lines. Based on RAPD data range of genetic distances in these lines was from 0 to 100 percent. Seven D- genome specific SSRs were also used to get further estimation of the genetic diversity contributed by Aegilops tauschii parent. On the basis of results obtained it is inferred that the Aegilops tauschi accessions used in the production of these synthetic lines were genetically different and they contributed to the enhancement of genetic variation in the synthetic lines. These results could be helpful for future genome mapping programs. Conclusion: The overall extensive genitive diversity indicates that these lines are good candidates for development of improved wheat varieties by crossing with cultivated wheat varieties

Role of Female Age in Determining Causes of Infertility and Predicting Outcome of in Vitro Fertilization

Objective: To look into various causes of infertility according to increasing age, differences in percentage of pregnancy rate after IVF in different age groups and role of various infertility parameters in determining pregnancy rate among these patients Patients and methods: A total of 206 infertile couples were selected and divided into two groups according to female age: Group I (<35 years, n=108) and Group II (≥35 years, n=98). Diagnostic hysterosalpingography or laproscopy was done in order to rule out the tubal blockage and endometriosis. Ovarian dysfunction was excluded on the basis of hormonal analysis. IVF treatment following a long protocol for use of GnRH agonist was given to infertile couple. Analysis was done using SPSS 19 and MedCal software 12. Results: Male causes were frequent in both groups without any significant difference (33%; p=0.882). Tubal factor was significantly raised in older group (33%; p=0.000), whereas ovarian dysfunction was significantly higher in younger patients (33%; p=0.000). Number of embryos transferred and pregnancy rate after IVF were significantly decreased in older couples (p≤0.05). Age of patient and serum FSH levels (p=0.02) have relatively better predictive capability of pregnancy outcome regarding IVF treatment as compared to duration of infertility (p=0.04). Conclusion: Information of infertility factors can help clinician in estimating the chances of pregnancy rate before suggesting ART in old age couples

Suprapatellar versus infrapatellar approach for intramedullary nailing in tibial shaft fractures

Background: Tibial shaft fractures accounts about 2% of all adult fractures and it is a common traumatic injury caused by high-energy trauma. The intra-medullary nail fixation either by Suprapatellar approach or Infrapatellar approach has been reported to be a successful surgical procedure for the treatment of proximal tibia fractures. Aim was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures treated with IMN using the suprapatellar and infrapatellar methods. Methods: The present prospective comparative study was conducted to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures managed by Suprapatellar or Infrapatellar intramedullary nailing technique. This study was conducted in the Post Graduate Department of Orthopedics in SKIMS, MCH Bemina, Srinagar for a period of 02 years from May, 2020 to May, 2022. A total of 40 patients with tibial shaft fracture were included in the study. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, SPSS Inc., v.16). Results: It was observed that the majority of the participants (37.5%) were in 31-40 year’s age group, there were male predominance with the male to female ratio 2.33:1. In SP technique excellent results were observed in 80% of the study subjects whereas in IP technique, 70% patients had excellent results. Conclusions: It is concluded that SP technique shows better results as compared to IP technique in the management of tibial shaft fracture