PEMBUATAN TRAINER PRAKTIKUM PENGUKURAN LISTRIK METODA THEVENIN DAN NORTON

PEMBUATAN TRAINER PRAKTIKUM PENGUKURAN LISTRIK METODA THEVENIN DAN NORTO

Optimal design of energy storage for load frequency control in micro hydro power plant using Bat Algorithm

The rotational speed of a generator affects the frequency and voltage produced, where this change will affect the load side. For that we need a control equipment that can optimize the performance of micro-hydro. Therefore, we need a technology to optimize the performance of micro hydro by applying Load Frequency Control (LFC). LFC designed by implementing Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Capacitive Energy Storage (CES), this application will provide power compensation to reduce or even eliminate frequency oscillations caused by changes in consumer electrical power loads. To get optimal microhydro performance, it is necessary to set the right parameters for SMES and CES. SMES and CES parameter tuning in this study is proposed using the Bat Algorithm. The objective function used by this algorithm is to optimize the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). For performance analysis, the system is tested with load changes, then the governor, turbine, and system frequency responses are analyzed. To test the reliability of the system, this study used several scenarios of a combination of control, SMES, CES, with conventional control based on Proportional, Integral, Derivative (PID). The right control parameters will improve system performance more optimally. Optimal system performance can be seen from the response of the governor, turbine, and minimum overshoot of the frequency, as well as the fast settling time for the system to switch to steady state conditions

OPTIMAL DESIGN PSS-PID CONTROL ON SINGLE MACHINE INFINITE BUS USING ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION

Optimization of the controller in a generator can improve system performance. The right parameter optimization is needed to get the optimal performance from the controller. The application of the artificial intelligence method as a parameter optimization method is proposed in this study. By using the smart method based on Ant Colony, the optimal PSS-PID parameters are obtained. With optimal tuning, the system gets optimal Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system frequency and rotor angle response, indicated by the minimum overshot system response. The SMIB system's stability will be tested. A case study of adding and reducing loads is used, with the proposed control method PSS-PID being optimized using Ant Colony. Based on the analysis using the proposed PSS-PID control, we get the minimum overshoot for the frequency response and rotor angle of the SMIB system. When the load changes at 20 seconds, using the PSS-PID control scheme, the minimum overshoot is -4.316e-06 to 7.598e-05 pu with a settling time of 22.01s. For the rotor angle overshoot response, using the PSS-PID control scheme, the minimum overshoot is -0.01113 to -0.009669 pu with a settling time of 22.36s

Properties impact from wastewater treatment sludge utilized into fired clay bricks

Disposal of wastewater treatment plant sludge waste into landfills has become a serious threat to the global environment due to the massive generated every year. Nevertheless, a relevant alternative solution could be developed as recently rapid growing interest in the usage of sludge material to the manufacturing of fired clay brick has been observed. The utilization of these waste materials in fired clay bricks usually has positive effects on the properties such as lightweight bricks with improved shrinkage, porosity, and strength. The primary objective of this study is to focus on the properties impact of the wastewater treatment sludge incorporated into fired clay bricks. The characteristics of raw materials obtained by using the X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer showed that the chemical composition of the raw materials of clay soil and wastewater treatment sludge was high with silicon dioxide and with the same chemical composition Type A and Type B of wastewater treatment sludge are suitable to replace clay soil as raw materials. The recommended percentage of wastewater treatment sludge incorporation was up to 20% with better physical and mechanical properties. The physical and mechanical properties were tested according to BS 3921:1985. The results showed that the utilization of Type A and Type B into brick manufacturing complied with BS 3921:1985 standard requirements. Therefore, wastewater treatment sludge can be material for brick production with appropriate mix and design and as an alternative environmentally friendly disposal method

Optimal design of energy storage for load frequency control in micro hydro power plant using Bat Algorithm

The rotational speed of a generator affects the frequency and voltage produced, where this change will affect the load side. For that we need a control equipment that can optimize the performance of micro-hydro. Therefore, we need a technology to optimize the performance of micro hydro by applying Load Frequency Control (LFC). LFC designed by implementing Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Capacitive Energy Storage (CES), this application will provide power compensation to reduce or even eliminate frequency oscillations caused by changes in consumer electrical power loads. To get optimal microhydro performance, it is necessary to set the right parameters for SMES and CES. SMES and CES parameter tuning in this study is proposed using the Bat Algorithm. The objective function used by this algorithm is to optimize the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). For performance analysis, the system is tested with load changes, then the governor, turbine, and system frequency responses are analyzed. To test the reliability of the system, this study used several scenarios of a combination of control, SMES, CES, with conventional control based on Proportional, Integral, Derivative (PID). The right control parameters will improve system performance more optimally. Optimal system performance can be seen from the response of the governor, turbine, and minimum overshoot of the frequency, as well as the fast settling time for the system to switch to steady state conditions