Investigation of Amino and Fatty Acid Characterisation of Thevetia peruviana (Milk Bush) Seed

This study examined the amino acid profile and fatty acid analysis of Milk bush (thevetia peruviana) seed. The seeds were ground into very fine powder using three processing techniques. The parameters of interest were carried out using standard methods. The results of both essential and non-essential amino acids showed that the total essential amino acid content in oven-dried seed sample (OD.S), airdried seed sample (AD.S) and sun-dried seed sample (SD.S) were within the WHO Standard. It was observed that eighteen out of the twenty amino acids content of food were present in the seed with glutamic acid having the highest value, followed by aspartate and arginine. Also the eight essential amino acid needed in the daily diet were all present in the sample (arginine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylanine, threonine, tryptophan and leucine). There were reductions in the level of some amino acids as a result of the processing treatments. The fatty acid analysis also revealed that the sample contained both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The unsaturated fatty acids for oven-dried, sun-dried and air-dried are 60.89, 2.21 and 20.47 respectively while the saturated fatty acids for oven-dried , sun-dried and air dried 26.15, 3.29 and 35.61 respectively. The result suggested that thevetia peruviana contains high quality protein and the oil is a good source of unsaturation which increases the shelf life and edibility of the oil. Keywords: Amino acid; Fatty acid; Characterization; Processing techniques; Milk-bush see

Nitrosocarbonyl Hetero-Diels–Alder Cycloaddition: A New Tool for Conjugation

It is demonstrated that nitrosocarbonyl hetero-Diels-Alder chemistry is an efficient and versatile reaction that can be applied in macromolecular synthesis. Polyethylene glycol functionalized with a hydroxamic acid moiety undergoes facile coupling with cyclopentadiene-terminated polystyrene, through a copper-catalyzed as well as thermal hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. The mild and orthogonal methods used to carry out this reaction make it an attractive method for the synthesis of block copolymers. The resulting block copolymers were analyzed and characterized using GPC and NMR. The product materials could be subjected to thermal retro [4 + 2] cycloaddition, allowing for the liberation of the individual polymer chains and subsequent recycling of the diene-terminated polymers. © 2014 American Chemical Society

Using Dynamic Models and Empirical COVID-19 Data to Showcase Effective Pandemic Prevention Measures

Pandemics, such as COVID-19, transcend borders and require adequate intervention measures from countries if they are to be contained. In collaboration with students and professors from the Financial University in Moscow, our team assessed six major countries’ strategies for mitigating virus spread and developed pandemic models using AnyLogic, a dynamic modeling application, and Microsoft Excel. The international research and interactive models informed recommendations to governments on the following effective response protocols: contact tracing, prompt widespread testing, and uniform quarantining

Differenzen über Differenz – Einführung in die Debatten

Die Autoren führen in das heterogene Feld der Differenzdebatten ein und widmen sich dabei speziell der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Diskussion, bei der „eine Verschiebung vom Konzept der Differenzierung hin zur Differenz zu beobachten ist“. Dabei beleuchten sie vor allem folgende Aspekte: 1. Heterogenitätsbewusstsein; 2. Horizontale und vertikale Differenz; 3. Differenzlinien als soziale Ordnungskategorien. Als weiteren Punkt gehen sie schließlich auch auf den Aufbau des Sammelwerkes ein, für das dieser Beitrag als Einleitung dient. (DIPF/ ssch